McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1936

Comme la plupart des étudiants américains j'ai fait la connaissance de Maupassant pendant mon cours de français. Malgré le caractère des cours de français aux Etats-Unis où on ne lit que des nouvelles prescrites, c'est à dire celles qui sont inoffensives aux jeunes Americains, j'ai beaucoup admiré le style et la foree de l'ecrivain. Cependant ce n'est que quand j'ai vraiment examiné cet homme par ses oeuvres, et par ce qu'il a dit de lui-même, et par ce qu'on a dit de lui, que je me suis rendu compte de son génie. Sans aucun doute, Maupassant a une place distinguée …  Lire la suite

It was some 38 years ago that Sir William Crookes, eminent British scientist, in the first edition of his book, ""The Wheat Problem" predicted theinevitability of a long-run increase in the price of wheat. This grim prospect arose, he contended, due to the rapidlY diminishing supply ofavailable wheat land, which, according to him, would soon be inadequate to provide for the world's needs. Within an appreciable distance, hepredicted a scarcity of this vital foodstuff. [...]  Lire la suite

Les modifications de la vie amènent les changements de la base de la vie, le foyer. C'est ici que sont nés aujourd'hui les descendants qui vont demain contribuer pour une petite partie a l'agrandissement de la nation. Dans le foyer l'enfant reçoit son éducation et sa preparation pour la vie. C'est au foyer que les capacités dont il a héritées à sa naissance vont prendre racine et se développer. Les parents, base du foyer, reconnaissent le devoir qui leur incombe. Cela explique le développement et la presque mode, si j'ose dire, d'étudier l'enfant d'une manière profonde pour le comprendre et …  Lire la suite

Experimental graphology originated in France. Michon(1806-1881), turning away from the mere impressionistic interpretations of his predecessors,collected a vast number of handwriting specimens due to the pen of well-known personages, and comparing those scripts with the character traits ofthe writers, he evolved his famous "theory of signs", which is still prevalent in popular books on graphology. To a definite sign corresponds adefinite quality, and the absence of the sign betokens the absence of the quality. [...]  Lire la suite

At the present time, the work of Brodmann and the Vogts, and of Economo has placed human cerebral cortical architectonics on a fairly sound basis. In spite of the prediction of the Vogts that two hundred areas will be identified, the one hundred and nine now recognized seem to be sufficient for practical purposes. Beyond that, however, we cannot go in human research. The investigations of the neurophysiologists on the results of extirpations and stimulations in the lower mammals have not been met by comparable strides in the study of human material. This is exactly as it would be expected. …  Lire la suite

The Victorian Age was essentially one of demolition and reconstruction. The land of the old regime, controlled by an oligarchical aristocracy, slowly adjusted itself to the democratic and socialistic ideas growing out of the Industrial System. The land of an inactive and rather dull religion awoke from its torpid prayers to question the values of old and new doctrines in religion and in science. To this subversion of the old order and the formation of the new, the poets of the Age contributed their part. Some were content to destroy alone, some to destroy and rebuild in part only, but …  Lire la suite

THE SINCERITY OF THE ROMAN SATIRISTS. "Facit indignatio versum."l "Difficile est saturam non scribere. n2 "Sum petulanti splene cachinno. n3 "Hie stilus haud petet ultro, ~uemquam animantem et me veluti custodiet ensis Vagina tectus.,,4 Very noble sentiments are expressed in' these statements of the three great Roman satirists in justifying their choice of this field of literature. We might accept them in their entirety without suspicion or caution, or again we might assume an attitude of incredulity. Did Juvenal really rage within his heart at the vices of the world, or was he an embittered poet with singular rhetorical powers? …  Lire la suite

Intensive study was done on an area of about 25 square miles, lying between Granby and Yamaska Mountain on the south, and between Roxton Pond and East Milton on the north. A considerable area to the south of this was also examined, but here outcrops are scarce and detailed work is possible only along one ridge. The Sillery formation in this area is composed of two main rock types, a sandstone and a slate, and there are two developments of each. The slate is composed of a red and a green type, and these are so intimately interbedded as to …  Lire la suite

Maass, O. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The writer spent the Fall of 1934 logging the diamond drill core and mapping the underground workings and surface geology in the vicinity of the mine, under the supervision of Dr. B. S. W. Buffam. The many interesting features connected with the mineralization and the geology of the mine, and the possibility of this type of deposit becoming of economic importance due to the increased value of gold, led the writer to undertake an extensive study of the area. During the winter, 1934-1935, laboratory work was carried out at McGill University. To collect additional data a month was spent in …  Lire la suite

Data are herein reported upon the nutritive value of fertilized and unfertilized mixed pasture herbage and certain pure species of grasses as measured by comparative feeding tests and the results of metabolism studies with rabbits. The results obtained would seem to indicate that both the botanical composition of the sward and particular conditions of season are important considerations in determining the nutritive value of herbage resulting from fertilization of pastures. The combined seasonal clippings (fertilized and unfertilized) of immature blue grass, red top and brome grass showed no significant difference in their nutritive value under the conditions of this experiment. …  Lire la suite

In the "Studies" which follow recourse was made to the use of a number of different materials,- ascidian eggs, ascidian adults, the oligochaeteLumbricus and chick embryos, and in each case an experimental technique was resorted to. Despite the diversity of materials and techniques theelucidation of the same general problem, morphogenesis and differentiation, has been the basis of the present investigations and it is asa contribution to this problem that the following "Studies" are offered. [...]  Lire la suite

The history of the theatre in Montreal has been varied by years of success, interrupted by periods of struggle and disappointment. It is to be hoped that the present sympathetic attitude towards the drama will assure Montrealers of rich and splendid offerings in the theatre in the not too distant future.  Lire la suite

The investigation dealt with in this thesis concerns the study of certain factors which influence the "solubilization" of lignin in aqueous media. The specific problem to be investigated was the kinetics of the delignification of spruce wood in calcium bisulphite solutions, and the manner in which the reaction rate is affected by temperature, pressure, pretreatment of the wood sample, and by reagents added to the cooking liouor. It was hoped that such an investigation might lead to a better understanding of the fundamental processes involved in the dellgnification of wood by the sulphite process.  Lire la suite

1. The synthesis of tosyl esters from tosyl chloride has been extended to certain aryl-alkyl primary alcohols.2. Sodium iodide in acetone solution at room temperature replaces the tosyl groups in the toayl esters from arylalkyl primary alcohols with iodine,and with the same ease as with tosyl esters from primary alkyl alcohols.3. With secondary alkyl tosyl esters, replacement of the tosyl group by iodine takes place to a much smaller extent under the same experimentalconditions, namely, at room temperature.4. Interaction of sodium iodide and the tosyl esters of alk-aryl secondary alcohols, for example, benzhydrol, proceeds abnormally. In the case ofbenzhydrol, the …  Lire la suite

Of recent years, following the elucidation of the constitution and structure of the more common mono and d1~aooharides, the attention of oarbohydrate ohemistshas been focussed more and more strongly on the higher polysaccharides. For example, among the plant polysaccharides, it has been definitelyestablished that cellulose and starch are long linear chains of anhydroglucose units. In the case of inulin and levan, the chain 1s made up ofanhydro-fructose units, while xylan and other pentosans are linear anhydro-pentose polymers. [...]  Lire la suite

"Pour que l'unanimisme devint possible" il faut "en un mot acquérir une expérience nouvelle, et les mots de la formuler". Jules Romains s'est convaincu qu'il a subi une expérience de ce genre, et il veut en faire part aux autres. Pour cette tâche il lui fallait un style nouveau, qui ne naquit pas tout parfait avec les premiers éclairs de son expérience, mais il se développa à mesure que sa vision devint plus précise. L'objet de cette étude, c'est d'essayer de retracer dans les oeuvres en prose de Jules Romains le développement de ce style littéraire.  Lire la suite

An apparatus and technique for the investigation of pressure, volume, and temperature relations in the region of the critical temperature and pressure are described. With this apparatus any one of the three variables mentioned may be maintained constant while the other two are varied. The apparatus is adapted to the study of either one phase or two phase systems. It includes a new experimental principle in so far as accurate measurement of the pressure of a system near the critical point is concerned. This consists of balancing the pressure of the material in the system against the known vapour pressure …  Lire la suite

Huskins, C. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

the enunciation of the "neurone theory" by His and Forel (1886-1887) attention has been focussed on the nature of interneuronal connections. Max Schültze, the discoverer of neurofibrils (1871), surmised a discontinuity between the units of the nervous system. The subsequent discoveries of Cajal, Held, Auerbach, etc. have done much to explain on a structural basis many facts concerning the synapse long known to neurophysiologists. In the present work studies have been made of the "boutons terminaux" as they occur in synapses in the spinal cord, cerebellum, and cerebrum, both in the normal state and after axonal section. The early manifestations …  Lire la suite

It has been known for some time that Grignard reagents may give both 1,2- and 1,4- addition to α, β -unsaturated ketones. More recently it has been shown that, when there is a sufficient amount of substitution, an aromatic ring might provide the α, β -unsaturation for such a 1,4- addition. Some quinones are like α, β -unsaturated ketones but have been found to give 1,2- addition with Grignard reagents in most cases. A partial list of the quinones that have been investigated 1s given in Table I. This list is only intended to bring up to date and supplement …  Lire la suite

This paper deals with the effect on shrinkage and residual stress longitudinally in an electrically welded butt joint of preheating plates at temperatures of about 200°F., 300°F., and 400°F., by comparison with a plate welded at room temperature. Weld and plate metal are also tested in tension for Modulus of Elasticity and Yield Point, as well as by micro-examination and for checical composition.  Lire la suite

It is a strange anomaly, and yet it is a fact of great importance, that at a time when poetry is being least read, (or if read, least understood and appreciated), America has come into its most poetic period. It seems to be adequate refutation of Whitman's dictum that "to have great poets, we must have great audiences." The fact that there has been a tremendous amount of poetry written in the past twenty-five years, and that poets ply their art in every state in the Union, does not of course prove that America has come into its most poetic …  Lire la suite

When "Imprisonment in Greece" was suggested as the topic of this dissertation, it was not welcomed with great enthusiasm on my part; for not onlydid it seem a strange subject of research for a woman, but I had never given any particular thought to imprisonment in ancient Greece or anywhereelse. In the course of my research, however, I have found that the subject 1s one of absorbing interest and one well worth investigation; hence itis most surprising that no works have been written about it in modern times. This, nevertheless, is the case. [...]  Lire la suite

This Thesis endeavours to determine: first, the English conception of Spain and Spanish literature at the end of the Eighteenth century; second, the extent to which these opinions prevailed throughout the English Romantic Period; third, what influence these conceptions had upon English literature during this period; and, fourth, how, if at all, these conceptions were modified.  Lire la suite

L'histoire de la litterature, de la science et de la diplomatie fran9aises presente des exemples innombrables d'hommes et de femmes dont l'oeuvreappartient à la nation qui a'a ni bornes ni lois locales le monde entier. [...]  Lire la suite

Water may be held by various bodies' in such a way and with such a degree of firmness that it fails to exhibit certain of the properties characteristic of water in the ordinary free state. The term 'bound' water may be loosely applied to describe water which is so held in any system. The binding of water by a solid material is especially characteristic of lyophilic colloids of which the protein gelatin is a typical example. A number of heat capacity measurements have been made on gelatin gels with the object of obtaining some evidence of the amount of water …  Lire la suite

The purpose of this research has been to follow into the Schumann region of the spectrum (1850 to 1250a) the transparency of the alkali metalsdiscovered by Wood (1). It is well known that alkali metals, when they condense on surfaces at room temperature. exhibit brilliant colours.However Wood showed that these colours are due to the granular nature of the films (2); we are not concerned here with films of this type. Wood hadpreviously observed that a vapour condenses as a coherent film on a surface only if the temperature of the surface is sufficiently low. Whenhe deposited sodium and potassium …  Lire la suite

Reinforced concrete slabs supported by structural steel beams are frequently used in structures to carry superimposed loads. Unless the steel beams are haunched the bond between the steel and the concrete has a low, uncertain value. In designing steel beams where a concrete slab merely rests upon them, the beams have to carry the dead load due to their own weight and the weight of the slab, plus the live load and impact without any assistance from the slab. If the bond between the slab and the supporting beams had a high, dependable value, the slab and beams could be …  Lire la suite

Our concern, here is with his critical treatment of Shakespeare. Opinion on Johnson's performance in this field has fluctuated from his day to our own. Even today the estimates vary. The purpose we have in view is to assemble and record these opinions, as they were issued, from Johnson's time to the present. The method by which we shall proceed will be based on a fivefold division of the subject. The first chapter will serve to indicate the successive stages of Johnson's interest in Shakespeare, up to the publication of his edition of the plays. The second chapter will contain …  Lire la suite

We grant the influence of custom and emotion in the lives of men, but we believe that man's moral nature must rise above such influence in order to achieve true morality. Morality is, we believe, based on absolute standards of value; and man is moral insofar as he approximates to those standards. To be moral, man must act so as to raise the customs of all men bringing them ever closer to the ideal state which reason pictures for us; to be moral, man must regulate his emotions so that there would no longer be a conflict between desire and …  Lire la suite

The important part that iodine plays in the body economy has long been appreciated. Definite proof of this was established in 1914 when Kendallseparated from the thyroid gland an amino acid, thyroxin, which contains 65% iodine. Since that time interest in the metabolism of iodine hasgreatly increased and studies of its relationship to thyroid function have been numerous. [...]  Lire la suite

Leacock, S. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The modern practioe of laying up refractory brickwork with refractory cement is discussed, and the advantages over the older practice of using fireclay mortar are shown. The desirable properties of a refractory cement are given. Experiments for the determination of the chemical composition, the shrinkage on drying and burning, the strength of the cement, and its bonding strength, are described, and the results of these experiments are tabulated. Conclusions are drawn connecting the observed physical properties with the oomposition.  Lire la suite

In recent years much thought and investigation have centred around the residual stresses found in welded steel shapes; these stresses are the result of the high temperatures to which parts of the members must necessarily be subjected during the process of fusion during welding. The widespread and rapidly increasing use of the electric-arc for joining metallic parts renders research of the utmost importance, the object of such research being to control or perhaps eliminate this stress and to determine the proper safeguards to be applied in design.  Lire la suite

An investigation has been carried out in the field of fine grinding using a 3-ft. Marcy ball mill. The effects on grinding efficienoy and ball wear of the feed rate, ball-mill speed and pulp density have been investigated. In all, fifteen grinding tests have been completed, of which six were carried out with the Marcy Quick Discharge mill and nine with the same mill minus the discharge grid, i.e. with open discharge. As nearly as possible, the factors affecting grinding efficiency were duplicated for each pair of tests, one with the quick-diseharge mill and one with the open-end mill, so …  Lire la suite

It is the purpose of this treatise to deal with the practice of allegorical interpretation as applied to the Homeric poems, tracing the gradual development of the habit, insofar as it may be gleaned from extant Greek literature, from the earliest times down to its final associations with pagan philosophy in the Neo-Platonic movement of the third and fourth centuries, A.D. As, however, the tendency has never been limited to any particular race, exclusively identified with any one mode of thought, or still less confined to a single epoch in the history of literary criticism, we shall, in the latter …  Lire la suite

The question then presents itself: what is consciousness? Our problem in this paper is not to analyse the empirical operations and factual processes of our everyday normal behaviour. That, I take it, is the task for psychology. Our primary concern is with the ontological and epistemological aspect of consciousness; that is, we are interested in the relation of our consciousness of the world to reality, the place it occupies in the universe and the role it enacts in the world. That consciousness exists as signifying something in the scheme of things is readily acknowledged as a fact of experience, obviously …  Lire la suite

In the vicinity of Montreal the uniformity of the surface of the St. Lawrence lowlands is broken by several hills arranged in a line trending a little south of east between the Laurentian Shield on the west and the Appalachian Mountains on the east. The sharp contrast between the hills and the surrounding plain is an expression of the relative resistance of the rocks to erosion; the hills are composed of igneous rock, more resistant to erosion than the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks underlying the lowlands. Eight of these Monteregian hills are so similar in mineralogical and chemical composition that they …  Lire la suite

Recent investigations, carried out in this laboratory on the discontinuity of state at the critical temperature, are an extension of a series ofresearches concerning the broad subject of molecular forces, begun by Dr. O. Maass and co-workers some fifteen years ago. The subject of molecularforces is a large one and in this case was confined to a study of molecular compound formation and velocities of chemical reactions, toascertain if there was any correlation between the above mentioned RToperties. An historical treatment of the relationship connecting theinvestigations of molecular compound formation and reaction velocity and the more recent investigations on .the …  Lire la suite

The object of this thesis is to show the desirability of establishing Minimum Wages, especially in those industries where the workers are not well organized. Some attention is paid to the development of Minimum Wage Legislation in countries other than Canada. An attempt is made to desaribe the different methods of establishing and enforcing Minimum Wages and, again, in this connection particular attention is directed toward the experiences in the different provinces of Canada. The central point of the thesis to which the preceding study has been directed is a description and evaluation of "The Minimum Wages Act of the …  Lire la suite

The domestic pigeon (Columba livia domestica) although not generally regarded as a bird of much economic importance, has in reality considerable value. In most countries squab raising for marketing purposes is an extensive industry and brings in a profitable income to farmers, small lot producers and commercial pigeon raisers. Some of the squab farms in the United states have as many as 6,000 to 8,000 breeders. Apart from its importance as a food, it is extensively reared by pigeon fanciers as a show bird or for racing purposes. In view ot the economic importance of the pigeon, it is not …  Lire la suite

A method of increasing the yield of methanol lignin was devised in collaboration with Mr. J. Swartz. Some of the methoxyl groups of completely methylated methanol lignin were shown to be probably anolic in nature. Catalytic reduction of this material, using two of the more recently developed catalysts, Was attempted, the results obtained being entirely negative. The optimum conditions for complete demethylation of the methylated lignin with hydriodic acid were determined, and the rate of the reaction investigated. The alkoxyl group in the initial material was shown to be exclusively methoxyl. The major solid product of the demethylation was investigated; …  Lire la suite

With a view to securing an unknown highly substituted cyclopropane ketoester, E. E. Massey in this laboratory carried out a series of reactions based on the work of previous investigators, and obtained a substance having the correct analysis and showing some of the expected properties. In certain respects, however, abnormalities were observed, and from the evidence marshalled in this thesis it must be ooncluded that the substance is actually α,β-diphenyl-γ-benzoylbutyrolactone.  Lire la suite

In the face of tremendous forward strides in general physiology and particularly in those branches of it which are closely related to the medical sciences, the study of the blood supply of the brain, which one might suppose was the most important and should have attracted the greatest interest, has fallen woefully behind. Now that the physiologist is more prone than formerly to fall back on the aids that have issued from the findings of physical science, a method taken directly from that field has been found to promise a means of accurately determining the changes in blood flow in …  Lire la suite

It was natural that Tennyson should be interested in the many social and political problems that forced themselves upon the notice of all thinking men of his day, but more than most writers he felt called upon to use his influence toward the solving of these problems. He usually tried to keep close to his own times, adapting classical and medieval material to the needs of contemporary society and, taken as a whole, his 'works present a complete panorama of nineteenth century life. Thus he stands out from among the other poets and writers of his time as peculiarly the …  Lire la suite

A modified LoSurdo discharge tube has been designed suitable for investigation of Stark-effect in metals having high melting point. Stark-effect in iron has been observed in the region 6500 - 3400 A at field strengths in excess of 110,000 volts/cm. Two hundred and twenty one lines were photographed, twenty eight of which were found to be displaced. Stark-effect manifests itself by simple small displacements of the lines. Many lines reported by previous observers as being displaced in a field of about 30,000 volts/cm are shown to be undisplaced at any field up to 110,000 volts/cm and over. The relation between …  Lire la suite

Ainsi voyons-nous comment saint-Vincent-de-Paul a influencé l'éloquence de son siècle. D'abord, par ses instructions, par ses avis, par son exemple surtout, et par les succès apostoliques obtenus, par le genre de prédication qu'il préconisait, il sut inspirer à tous les prêtres qui l'approchaient, l'amour de ce qu'il appelait modestement, sa "petite méthode". si, à cette influence directe et personnelle, on ajoute celle qu'il exerça indirectement, par les prêtres de sa "Compagnie des prêtres de la Mission" dits aujourd'hui Lazaristes, soit dans les missions, soit dans les séminaires, et aussi par les membres da la Conférence du mardi, formés par lui, …  Lire la suite

Tha male genitalia and the adjacent sclerites in the Ichneumonid, Megarhyssa lunator Fabr., are shown by myological comparison to be homologous with structures occurring in other Hymenopterous groups, especially in the Chalastogastra.  Lire la suite

Under the heading of "The Development of Properties in Drama on the English Speaking Stage" a large field lies outspread. It is my purpose to trace the development of the theatre from only one point of view, namely that of properties. Dramatic theory and scenery and costumes, although closely allied to furniture, have been thoroughly treated by Mr. Allardyce Nicoll, Mr. E. K. Chambers, Mr. Gordon Craig, and others, while the subject of properties, only mentioned at times in the course of compositions on other subjects, has not been given much individual attention or the compliment of a full paper. …  Lire la suite