McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1937

This paper is a consideration of the animal communities found in two fresh-water ponds. It is an attempt to classify the members of the associationsand to determine their relations to their environment and to one another. A comparison of the two ponds will also be made. [...]  Lire la suite

Women’s employment has been discussed from many different points of view. Economists stress the reasons for hiring women and the economic consequences of such an act. Their books show; the relation of women’s employment to the profit motive,stress the significance of women as a vast potential labour supply, indicate such problems as arise because of the unorganized state of the female labour market,and discuss the incidence of their entrance into industry upon male employment. Other books have been written from a humanitarian standpoint. These attempt to show certain working conditions experienced by women which call for a remedy. They discuss …  Lire la suite

In presenting the letters of Mrs.Montagu, Mrs. Thrale,and Fanny Burney, I have tried to allow the ladies to speak for themselves. I have giventheir comments on everyday routine, on striking events and on their O'Vll friends and acquaintances, so that they may reveal their ownpersonalities and experiences. In their comments the accent of the eighteenth century is heard plainly, and through these letters we are givenan opportunity of meeting the people of a past age. The three ladies may speak in different tones, uut it blends into,one striking picture.Mrs.Montagu is the best observer of political events. Even as a young …  Lire la suite

Quebec celery growers have always experienced considerable difficulty in keeping their produce for any length of time incold storage. At the best, celery growing and subsequent storage have been considered somewhat of a gamble. Growershave found that the storage life of celery varies from year to year, depending on climatic and cultural conditions duringgrowth, and upon other factors entering into the harvesting and storage of this commodity. They have also found that certainvarieties will keep better than others, and that celery from some localities will keep better than celery from others. Adifference in keeping quality has also been found with …  Lire la suite

When experimental investigations obtain divergent data it becomes of paramount importance to determine which is correct; especially whenconsiderable theory has been built up on the results of the one favoured as being correct. Furthermore, when an industrial process is involvedthe importance of deciding as to the relative merits of the results previously obtained is enhanced. In the investigation to be described,particular precautions were taken to insure the validity of the experimental data. This thesis describes an investigation of the equilibrium vaporpressures of the system calcium oxide - sulphur dioxide - water* It thus forms a part of a general investigation …  Lire la suite

An investigation into the extraction of birch lignin with glacial acetic acid has been made. Although it is possible to extract the lignin atlower temperatures, reflux is necessary to bring about the extraction within a reasonable length of time. The lignin was always isolated incombination with carbohydrate material. The amount of attached carbohydrate, (indicated by the lowering of methoxyl content), was a function ofthe moisture content of the woodmeal, decreasing with increase in moisture, due to hydrolysis. The yield of carbohydrate- and acetyl-free ligninwas about 16$ of the weight of the wood [...] A satisfactory method was developed for separation …  Lire la suite

A series of studies have been made in both rats and guinea pigs with respect to their oxygen consumption, and the results are reported. The controlvalues of the metabolic rates observed in 360 normal guinea pigs and 136 normal rats were treated statistically. For guinea pigs, the mean was153.98 1 0*274, with a standard deviation of 18.97. For rats, the values were 175.06 * 0.577; S. D. 19.08. Female rats were found to have lower andsteadier rates than males, but in guinea pigs there was no significant difference. A small rythimic seasonal variation of less than = 5$ wasobserved in …  Lire la suite

Two samples of high sulfur organic soils from the Province of Quebec were investigated as to the nature of their sulfur content.It was found that over 98 percent of the sulfur was organic in nature and that only a small amount of inorganic sulfur was present as very little was removed byelectrodialysis or by the solvent action of water or dilute acid. No attempt was made to isolate any organic sulfur-containingcompound as the purpose of this investigation was to determine if the sulfur bears any definite relation to phosphorus or nitrogen.Since no evidence could be obtained of the existence of …  Lire la suite

These ecological results were recorded from the Sherbrooke district on Appalachian upland podsol soils. A comparative study of the seminal andvegetative reproductions in certain permanent pasture plants was made under different conditions of pasture management, and different sward types,through direct and indirect methods. By direct observation, we grouped in two categories, chosen young plants originating immediately, either fromseeds, or from vegetative devices. Eleven pasture plants, weedy in nature, were thus observed. Indirectly, the oomparative importance of seminalreproduction was studied from the correlations worked out between the surface vegetation and the top-soil viable seed content. These correlationswere calculated between species of …  Lire la suite

Murray, H. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

En France nous avons tendance à croire %ue les Canadiens français se souviennent avec amour, de leur ancienne patrie.N'ont-ils pas adopté pour devise: Je me souviens? Plusieurs conférenciers et hommes de lettres français ont fait s'accréditercette légende, soit en cachant consciemment la vérité, soit en ne racontant inconsciemment que ce qu'ils ont vu envoyageant, c'est-à-dire le côté romanesque des choses. Un Français ne peut conserver longtemps d'illusion lorsqu'il habiteparmi les Canadiens. Il est à remarquer que, Même avant 1763, des .français avaient senti comme une barrière s'éleverentre la nouvelle et la vieille France. Bougainville écrivait en 1758: "... il semble …  Lire la suite

Measurements have been made to determine if the amount of dimethylether sorbed on alumina, under the same conditions of temperature and bulk phase density, depends upon its thermal history. It would be expected on the basis of the orientation hypothesis that the sorption would "be changed by destroying the residual liquid structure which persists above the critical temperature. Within the limits of experimental error, however, no difference could be detected. The variation of sensitivity of quartz spirals used for weighing has been investigated, and an equation has been deduced for making suitable corrections. It was also found that the sensitivity …  Lire la suite

The geology of the dolomitic magnesite deposits of Grenville township is described in detail and an hypothesis oonoerning the origin of the orebodies is presented. The deposits were formed by injection of an aqueous differentiate from the Morin magma, into fractured sillimanaite-garnetnear the contact with cuartzite. Following the crystallization of magnesite from the injected bodies, aqueous residues attacked the country rocksand formed the zone of hydrothermal alteration now referred to as the ore zone. The solutions acting during the period of hydrothermalalteration were richer in lime than the original differentiate. Consequently, dolomite formed from them as veins and replacements. In …  Lire la suite

The thesis is an attempt to trace the relation between traditional English carols and dance movements. Connection is established between religious exercisesand their expression in the dance; evidence of the dance influence in the carol tunes, texts and refrains is examined; and the carol's origin in the dance, andsurvivals of the latter as pagan ritual and superstition are discussed. The carols are considered in their different types as dance-manifestations, the whole being illustrated with quotations from eye-witnesses and otherauthorities. Three appendices contain respectively: a catalogue of English folk-carols and their different tunes, togetherwith the sources of the latter and other …  Lire la suite

A study of the Oxford Movement intended to determine the extent to which its origins were related to the social and intellectual conditions ofEngland during the period of transition following the Napoleonic wars, involving a comparison of the motive forces behind the Oxford andBroad Church Movements.An attempt is made to establish that the experiences of the Tractarians and the members of the Broad Church School underwent essentially the samephases, - a common sense of despondency in face of the confused conditions of the time, a common search for an escape in literary romanticism orin a romantic attitude towards nature, a …  Lire la suite

A study of the physiology of a pathogen le organism in pure culture is a great aid in an investigation or to an understanding of the much morecomplex and difficult problem of the physiology of its parasitism. The principles involved are essentially those of analyzing the influence ofthe various factors whioh affect germination, nutrition, growth and reproduction of the organism.Apple scab has been reoognized as a serious disease of wide spread occurrence for many years and so a great amount of work has been done on the1ife history of the causal organism .. Venturia inaequalis (cke). Wint. and methods of …  Lire la suite

Agriculture was tl1e basis of the economic structure of Canada from 1763 to 1783. During this period the habitants increased the amount of landunder cultivation and also the agricultural production, growing more wheat and keeping more livestock. A good market for these commodities placedthe habitant in a sound economic position. He must have been better fed and better housed than he had previously been. At the same time Britishimmigrants enriched themselves by trade in wheat, lumber, fish, oil, and furs, and at Montreal there grew up a community of substantial merchants.Undoubtedly the first two decades of British rule were ones …  Lire la suite

Montreal surrounds the base of three hills, which rise to a maximum of 650 feet above a wide plain known as the St. Lawrence lowland. These hills, Mount Royal, Outremontmountatn, and Westmount mountain, which are within a circle ot two miles radius, are separated from one another by rolling ground with a maximum relief of 100 feet. [...]  Lire la suite

The importance of a clearer insight into the cellulose-water relationship can hardly be overemphasized. Aside from its value as a purely theoreticalconsideration in the realm of colloidal chemistry, a knowledge of the under-lying mechanism is greatly to be desired because the phenomena involvedaxe fundamental to the art of paper-making. It is undoubtedly the use of cellulosic materials in the latter connection that has supplied the greatestimpetus to research in this direction. It would therefore not be amiss to introduce a discussion of the cellulose-water relationship with anindication of its role in the making of paper (1) as it involves fundamental …  Lire la suite

The object of the present study was to find out whether the lipids of the antenLor pituitary differ radically from those of other glands and if so,to endeavour to find out whether there are any among them that are physiologically active. Anterior pituitaries comprised the chief material used.The lipids were extracted, separated and purified as far as possible by solvent fractimation and then were purified further by other means. The lipid groups isolated included theneutral fats and nonsaponifiable fraction, phospho-lipids, glrcolipids, sterols, carotenoid pigments and miscellaneous fractions. Wherever advisablethese were analyzed for nitrogen, phosphorus and sugar. The pigments were examined …  Lire la suite

"Less than All cannot satisfy a man" 1s perhaps one of Blake's profoundest sayings, and it might well be taken as the motto of the great mystics,who were not to be satisfied with less than "all" , defined by them as God, and who claim to have found, in union with Him, profound and perfectsatisfaction. The heights of mysticism, however, have been attained by few, at least, few have been able to leave to the world the record of theirexperiences, though doubtless there have been, and are today, many inarticulate ones., mute but not inglorious, who showed and show forth …  Lire la suite

Parlant des deux héros d'un roman on a éorit: "Tous deux appartenaient à cette élite qui empêche le monde de périr de sa sensualité, de son égoismeet de son orgueil." Et on peut dire la même chose de l'éminent écrivain, du chrétien intrépide du généreux fondateur de la Société de Saint Vincentde Paul. Ozanam, sans être un ascète, opposait à la sensualité de ses contemporains une grande modération dans ses goüts et ses habitudes; àl'égoisme du siècle, une rare abnégation; enfin à cet orgueil insupportable qui affecte aujourd'hui des formes si diverses, une modestie exemplaire.Toute sa vie fut une triple …  Lire la suite

The ceruleomolybdate reaction has been studied and the procedure for the determination of phosphorus has been improved by the application of thephotoelectric colorimeter. Reproducibility of the results has been obtained and a method capable of giving high accuracy has been developed. Theeffect of stannous chloride and the rate of the reaction have been defined much more accurately than before. It has been shown that the maximumcolor intensity is developed at about 5 minutes after the addition of the reducing agent. Both ferric and ferrous iron have been shown to interferewith the reaction; ferric iron causes rapid fading at concentrations exceeding …  Lire la suite

The influence of carbon dioxide and low oxygen concentrations on the physiological activities of apple tissue has been studied. It has been shownthat low (6 percent) and high of carbon dioxide (53 percent) concentrations/stimulate and depress respectively the respiratory activity of fruitsduring a period of six days. Low concentrations of oxygen (l percent) increased the output of carbon dioxide of apples; when these fruits werereturned to air the rate of oxygen uptake was found to be lower than in those fruits stored continuously in air. Fruits which had been stored in 5percent and 10 percent carbon dioxide at 3-5 C …  Lire la suite

The purpose of this study is to review and to correlate the factors involved in the scarring of cerebral tissue. Such a review of cerebral cicatrixin its manifold forms and causations should help in an understanding of the histological processes involved. Furthermore, careful analysis and theapplication of experimental methods should help to differentiate and to identity the late changes which follow cerebral insults of one form oranother. Finally, a clearer understanding of the mechanism of production of the various end results of cerebral insults may guide the way toimprovement in therapeutic measures, both medical and surgical. The work included in …  Lire la suite

[...] Disraeli's fiction is of interest to few people to-day. He is read only by those ·who wish to study him. as a literary figure, by thosewho wish to study his Tory democracy as propounded in the novel form, and lastly by those few who enjoy the novels for the intrinsic merits theypossess. Despite their brilliance, the novels are essentially political or social, and the average reader of today refuses to accept politicaldissertations and detailed information of the Parliamentary history of the mid-nineteenth century as essential elements of fiction. Disraeli,amid the spectacle of mid nineteenth century naturalism, is an imperfect …  Lire la suite

There is no experimenta1 method adapted tor the investigation of the heat conductivity or co11oidal systems whose structure is dependent onthe amount of adsorbed water. The presence ot the adsorbed water depends on the relative humidity, and therefore a variable temperature gradientwill produce a displacement of water involving the transfer of heat. The main object of this investigation was to develop an experimentaltechnique whereby heat conductivities can be measured in spite of this effect.  Lire la suite

The main points of interest obtained from the experimental results are: 1. The reaction is retarded by the oxygen formed in it according to theequation above, due to the preferential adsorption of the oxygen. 2. Oxygen added in large quantities tends to swamp out the effect of oxygenformed in the reaction, so that the reaction becomes virtually first order. This holds unti1 the concentration of added oxygen is equal to or lessthan that of the nitrous oxide. 3. With small amounts of added oxygen the reaction rate :follows the retarded reaction equation except that theslope is different when plotted, varying …  Lire la suite

l) An apparatus has been calibrated which will measure the surface of grades of white quartz with specific surface as high as 42,000 squarecentimeters per gram.2) It has been shown that the theoretical law K == CA only holds for grades coarser than + 400 mesh.3) With white quartz or glass products finer than - 400 mesh the machine integrates the surface of the grades making up the sample very closely. [...]  Lire la suite

[...]I thought it possible that a study of the secretory and motor functions of the stomach of the lower vertebrates might reveal importantinformation about the phylogenetic history of the mammalian stomach. I undertook this investigation of gastric secretion and motility in the lessorganized vertebrates in the belief that it would lead to an approach of a better understanding of the complicated secretory and motor processesof the stomach of the more highly organized mammals.The following vertebrate animals were employed: Elasmobranch fishes (skate), Amphibia (Necturus or mud-puppy, andfrog), and birds (pigeon and chicken). Early in the research many differences in gastric physiology …  Lire la suite

This thesis describes research work involving four distinct problem, namely: the purification and concentration of aqueous solutions of hydrogenperoxide, a determination of the freezing point and melting-point curves of the system: water-hydrogen peroxide, a systematic investigation of thevapor-pressures and boiling-points of binary solutions of hydrogen peroxide and water and a comparative study of the rates of decomposition of bothhydrogen and deuterium peroxide by homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.This work is the continuation of a whole series of investigations carried out in this laboratory,on the properties of pure hydrogen peroxide (...).The method of preparation of the pure peroxide is still essentially the …  Lire la suite

Since atmospheric moisture is known to be an important factor of climate influencing the life processes of insects, it seemed worth whileinvestigating further some of the ways in which it affects development. The question as to the best method of representing this factor is still anunsettled one, although from theoretical considerations and. some evidence, it appears that saturation deficit should most nearly satisfy therequirements.The insect studied was the "confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Duval, chosen largely because of its suitability for experimental purposes.On account of the magnitude of the experiment, this part of the study deals only with the egg …  Lire la suite

As the title may suggest, this paper is an attempt to gather together in a necessarily condensed form the writings and geologic speculation ofinvestigators in this coalfield, supplemented by some account of the submarine workings and their bearing on the problem.Many prominent geologists and mining men, such as Richard Brown, Sir J. W. Dawson, David White, J. E. Hyde, A. o. Hayes, W. A. Bell, F. W. Gray,and others have contributed their valuable aid to the consideration of the many problems which confront one who attempts to analyze the geologichistory of the Sydney coal measures. [...]  Lire la suite

From the standpoint of social change the most significant process of the present is the rapid industrialization of new areas like the central areaof Canada. In the development of this new type of economic and social organization, people are being mobilized into vast new aggregates;in thecourse of this they are cut away from their moorings, whether these be thought ot in terms of birthplace, social position or established customsand traditions. Such an upheaval. leaves few areas of human life unchanged. The present study attempts to describe what is happening to the size ofthe family as it adjusts to these new …  Lire la suite

The introduction of fluorine into organic molecules has always been extremely difficult and unsatisfaotory. On acoount of its extreme reaotivity and the difficulty encountered in handling fluorine gas, no satisfactory method for direot fluorination has ever been developed. [...]  Lire la suite

The introduction of fluorine into organic molecules has always been extremely difficult and unsatisfaotory. On acoount of its extreme reaotivity and the difficulty encountered in handling fluorine gas, no satisfactory method for direot fluorination has ever been developed.The usual way of preparir~ organic fluorine compounds has been to avoid direot fluorination and to use as a fluorinating agent some inorganic fluoride having readily replaoeable fluorine or by the diazo reaotion in the oase of aromatio oompounds. If there were any organic oompounds containing loosely bound fluorine it might be possible to use tilem for fluorination. For some time aryl iododichlorides …  Lire la suite

The introduction of fluorine into organic molecules has always been extremely difficult and unsatisfaotory. On acoount of its extreme reaotivity and the difficulty encountered in handling fluorine gas, no satisfactory method for direot fluorination has ever been developed.  Lire la suite

[...]In the past it has been shown by numerous workers that the secretions of the digestive glands are controlled by nervous and humoral influencesand that by these means their functions are integrated in order to fulfill the alimentary needs of the animal body. It has long been realized bythese and other writers that the processes of secretion, activated by either nervous or humoral stimuli, involve a certain expenditure of energy;and in recent years various writers have concerned themselves with the study of this aspect of secretion. In this connection, they have describedin considerable detail the metabolic changes initiated in the …  Lire la suite

In a field of 100 Kv./cm. Stark effects have been observed for eighty-six normal levels in argon, and for seventy-five in krypton.Thirty-four electric combination 1ines have been found in argon and forty-eight in krypton. Typical sections of the energy leve1 diagrams for Ne, A,Kr, and Xe are drawn to represent the normal levels and their Stark effects. The diagrams serve as a basis for the qualitative explanation of themain features observed.Since 1nbercombinations between terms of high and low limit respectively are much weaker in neon than in argon; it is found that in the former gasthe Stark effects for the …  Lire la suite

Browne, J. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The present investigation was undertaken in an effort to determine whether some consistent explanation could be found to account for the direction ofcoiling of the chromonamata in the chromosomes of the first meiotic division of Trillium erectum L., or if not, to establish the haphazardnature of the coiling mechanism. The meiotic divisions of this plant have been reported on in detail by Huskins and Smith (...) who also madepreliminary observations on the direction of coiling. These observations have been extended and further data have been obtainedfrom plants in which pairing has been prevented by the application of abnormally high temperatures …  Lire la suite

[...]The manner in which the density of a gas depends on its pressure and temperature has been studied ever since chemistry became an exact science.[...] With a view to the low pressures at which the density measurements, given later in this thesis, were made, only those methods employed atcorresponding pressures, and yielding results of fairly high precision, will be given. [...]  Lire la suite

1. Satark effect in the HD spectrum has been observed under high dispersion between the wavelengths 4860 and 6400 1.0.2. The Stark effect in 70 lines of the Fulcher bands of RD have been meaBured. Displacement. in 27 unclassified line. are &120 reported as are also24 line undisplaced in the electric field.3. Stark effect manifests itself in this spectrum in th1is region by simple small displacements toward the red. In some instances two componentsoccur, but more have not been detected.4. The effect is 1n general irregular. Both 1nitial and final states seem to be influenced by the field.5. the d1aplacemente …  Lire la suite

The thermal decompositions of ethyl and normal propyl nitrite were investigated over a range of reduced pressures. The results, together with thosefor the other members of the nitrite series, are discussed from the point of view of the Kassel theory. Attention is focussed particularly on theeffect of increasing molecular complexity as one ascends an homologous series, since the nitrites form an ideal series for such a discussion.The Kassel theory apparently furnishes a complete explanation of the facts insofar as the effect of pressure on the rates is concerned. On theother hand, there is no satisfactory quantitative explanation for the increase …  Lire la suite

From a study of the physiography of the Augmentation of Grenville it is concluded that large depressionslike the Pointe-au-Chene-Avoca depressionare the sites of former river courses. Rivers with conspicuous gorges like the Rouge river are pre-Glacial in age and diversion of thePointe-au-Chene-Avoca ancestral river into the Rouge river antedated glaciation by many thousands of years.The occurrence of benches in the east part of the Lachute map-area suggests a process of marine planation. Similar features exist in theAugmentation of Grenville. [...]  Lire la suite

The selection of the subject of capital accumulation was motivated by the desire to fix our attention upon one particular phenomenon the understanding of which would be of the greatest assistance towards the understaad1ag of the complex of economic forces. With such a purpose in view, this phenomenon obviously had to be analysed in terms of a theory capable of explaining the workings of the economic system as a whole. (...)  Lire la suite

Le sujet du paysan ou de la vie pastorale et champêtre a été traité dans beaucoup de pays et sous presque toutes les formes selon la mode littérairede l'epoque. [...]  Lire la suite

It has been shown that very little work has been done on the ecology of streams. In Canada practically nothing has been done except in the interestof the fisheries. The value and place of such fresh water studies in our present civilization should be appreciated more than they have.The investigation of Molson's Creek is strictly that of synecology, that is, the stream as a whole. The present work merely records environmentalconditions and illustrates the fundamental principles underlying the balance of nature in most stream habitats. The author intends to enlarge thepresent work later when additional observations will justify the establishment …  Lire la suite

Lemaitre, G. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

It is the aim of this introduction to set forth as clearly and concisely as possible just what is meant by the title of this thesis,"Humour in Virgil". Humour is certainly not a quality or trait that one is wont to associate with the name of Virgil, and not without some reason,since the majority of people are familiar only with the Aeneid, especially the second, fourth, and sixth, Book, which are quite seriousin tone. [...]  Lire la suite