McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1941

Les premiers romans étaient des romans d'aventures. L'Iliade est un roman d'aventures guerrières et l'Odyssée est un roman d'aventures maritimes, peu importe s'ils soient en vers; la prose n'a commencé vraiment qu'avec l'imprimerie quand on pouvait s'adresser à un seul lecteur en particulier. Donc, le roman est aussi vieux que la littérature elle-même. Cependant, le roman, le genre littéraire qui raconte une histoire où les personnages semblent vivre, a subi des transformations complexes et inattendues à travers les siècles selon les événements et les caprices politiques, scientifiques, et religieux.  Lire la suite

An accurate and rapid method for the determination of hemicellulose both in woody and in succulent tissues is seriously needed at the present time. Such a method is desired by many workers in such widely different fields as plant physiology, microbiology, entomology, and animal nutrition. The methods now being used, although quite inadequate, will be briefly examined. [...]  Lire la suite

This thesis is based in part on field work carried out by the writer during the seasons of 1937 and 1938; and during a brief trip in the winter of 1939. Thirteen of the producing mines were visited. Much useful information relating to the problems dealt with has been obtained from reports by various investigators on the general geology, mineral deposits, and certain intrusive bodies or the region. [...] This thesis is an attempt to assemble, grade, correlate, and plot on a map, all the available information pertaining to faulting in Western Quebec; and, from such a compilation, to draw …  Lire la suite

François de Curel est né à Metz le 10 juin 1854. Par son père le Vicomte Albert de Curel il descendait d'une ancienne famille noble qui a rempli un rôle honorable dans 1'histoire militaire et religieuse de la France. Le village de Curel est situé près de Joinville et l'un des ancêtres de François de Curel a accompagné le pieux historiographe de Saint-Louis outre-mer en qualité d'écuyer. Si l'on accepte les théories darwiniennes de l'importance de l'hérédité sur la vie de l'individu, qui ont tant séduit Curel, on distingue déjà dans cette histoire du XIII siècle les origines de la …  Lire la suite

From the time that Pavlov began using the conditioned reflex method to investigate higher nervous processes in animals, there has been much controversy over the reliability of this procedure. It is hoped that the conditioned reflex method will be further justified in this report, which corroborates the work of other laboratories, and brings forward new material in agreement with results found by other methods of investigation. [...]  Lire la suite

[...] Although the exact nutritive value of spinach is an open question at the present time, much interest is being shown in the crop, particularly since the advent of the frozen food industry. As yet very little experimental work dealing with the proper fertilization of spinach has been recorded. Field experimentation would be the logical means of attacking this problem in order to determine the requirements of the crop in situ. However, recommendations based on such trials are only reliable in the district where the actual tests have been made or in districts where conditions are very similar. Goulden (1937) …  Lire la suite

The study of naturally occurring cyclic compounds is one of the most fascinating chapters in Organic Chemistry. The occurrence of a very large number and many types of cyclic compounds in nature, and their seemingly simple relationship with many straight chain compounds has excited the curiosity of many workers. The logical possibility of a common source of simple units for the synthesis of many large and complex compounds has led to all sorts of speculations. We must however admit that we know virtually nothing about the vital synthesis of even the simplest types of compounds. The plant, let alone the …  Lire la suite

[...] This thesis is a description of the assimilative forces at work within the foreign group settlements of Western Canada, with particular emphasis on the educational factors. Its primary concern is with the role of education as a positive means for promoting the successful fusion of the Old World culture with the New. Therefore the part which educational institutions have played in the past and are playing in the present to effect the smooth, stable assimilation of the peoples within our foreign colonies is described at some length, while a programme for the extension and increased efficiency of these institutions …  Lire la suite

This paper reports a study of the relation between the daily gain of bacon hogs from weaning to market weight, and the individual feed fractions of the standard chemical analysis (protein, ether extract, ash, crude fitre, and nitrogen-free extract) as compared to the fractions of the modified scheme proposed by Crampton and Maynard (protein, ether extract, ash, cellulose, lignin, and other carbohydrates). The data was analyzed statisticallv bv two methods,(1) partial regressions using the error variance, and (2) partial correlations using the between-lot variance: The method of partial regression was found to be unsatisfactory for this type of data. Partial …  Lire la suite

[...] Quel n'est donc pas le ravissement quand Madame de Sêgur inaugura pour l'enfance, le roman en miniature, le roman lilliputien, - mais actuel et mondain, et sentimental et satirique à l'occasion. Sans se soucier de la galerie, des enfants y vivaient les petites aventures et les petits drames de leur âge. 0, stupeur! on n'y prêchait pas, et la seule morale qui eut voix au chapitre était la morale en action. Chacun récoltait ce que, chemin faisant, il avait semé; comme dans la vie. D'où vient la vogue de Madame de Sêgur qui a duré plus d'un demi-siècle, et …  Lire la suite

[...] A further study of epileptogenic foci was undertaken at the suggestion of Doctor Wilder Penfield, who has contributed numerous worthy investigations and observations in the study of epilepsy which have greatly increased our understanding of the disease process. It was originally planned to compare epileptogenic with non-epileptogenic lesions particularly in reference to the presence or absence of evidence of progressive tissue destruction. In the course of this study, however, new observations were made in epileptogenic foci, and these are submitted as further pathological alterations in epileptogenic lesions. A comparative study of epileptogenic with non-epileptogenic cicatrices referable to the presence …  Lire la suite

One of the important phases of the metallurgical industry is the extraction or the metals from their ores. The greater proportion of the world's gold is recovered by means of the Cyanide Process. The chemical reaction between gold and potassium cyanide has been expressed in the form of a chemical equation known as Elsner's Equation:4Au + 8KCN + 2 H2O +O2 = 4KaU(CN)2 +4KCH This equation emphasizes the necessity of oxygen as a requisite for the above react1on. Throughout the history of gold mining practice, a great deal of experimentation has been done to prove and disprove Elsner's equation; and, …  Lire la suite

On one sample of 'standard cellulose' the isotherms for the sorption of water vapor at different relative vapor pressures, have been established at 20 degree intervals from 0°C to 80°C. These have been determined for both adsorption and desorption. These isotherms have the regular sigmoidal shape and hysteresis is exhibited between the adsorption and desorption curves. It is shown that as the temperature is raised the sorptive power of cellulose toward water decreases and also that the hysteresis decreases, i.e., the desorption and adsorption curves approach one another. The Olausius-Clapeyron relationship bas been applied to these and to "equilibrium" isotherms …  Lire la suite

The vital importance of thiamine as a dietary constituent makes it imperative that rapid and accurate methods should be available for its determination. However until comparatively recently the time-consuming and expensive biological assay has given the most satisfactory results. [...] The short life cycle of micro-organisms favours the development of a rapid method for thiamine. [...] It was evident on examining the literature that the thiochrome method was the most promising for the analysis of foodstuffs with a low thiamine content. The investigations recorded in this thesis are concerned with an attempt to modify the method so as to avoid …  Lire la suite

A. A new, simple and efficient method has been devised for the hydrogenation at high pressures, of small quantities of plant material and for the analysis and identification of the hydrogenated products. [...] C. Each of the various groups of ethanolysis products obtained in the ethanolysis of maple wood meal, and including (1) the distillable oils; ( 2) the non-distillable amorphous fraction of the water-soluble oils; (3) the so-called "benzene-shakings"; (4) the non-water-soluble tar; (5) the water-insoluble ethanol lignin and (6) the residual lignin in the wood, have been hydrogenated and the resulting products separated, analyzed and very largely identified. …  Lire la suite

There are probably very few subjects which are of so much interest and importance in the social and economic field and about which so little is known as "leadership". [...] Perhaps the most difficult problems in the study of leadership is that of "prediction". Is it possible to predict, by means of case history, tests or other means, whether a man will be a good leader in such and such a position or not? This problem has been solved in part only, and later on in our discussion we shall try to clarify the issue to some extent, in the …  Lire la suite

Bell, J. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

"Studies in Humanism" is a discussion of the philosophy called the New Humanism which played so important a part in the development of American twentieth-century critical literature. The founders of the New Humanism were Irving Babbitt, for thirty-five years professor at Harvard University, and Paul Elmer More, lecturer at Bryn Mawr and Princeton, and literary editor of several journals. Their Humanistic theories drew little attention while the naturalistic trend in literature was at its height, but their following gradually increased. The movement attained its greatest prominence in a critical debate which occupied the energies of most American critics and periodicals …  Lire la suite

One of the foremost men of American letters is in reality not very well-known to most Americans. This paper has been written in order that the reader may know Longfellow, not only as a man of letters, but also as a human being. Throughout the life of this poet was a shadow of sadness, caused by a series of adversities. In the paper I hope to further a more sympathetic understanding of his life and a deeper appreciation of the literature which was influenced by those trials. [...]  Lire la suite

Dans tous les pays, pendant tous les siècles, l'Homme s'efforce de résoudre le problème de l'univers, de comprendre ce que c'est que le monde, ce que c'est que la nature humaine, de pénétrer dans le royaume des cieux au-delà de ce monde où il habite, en un mot, de s'expliquer à lui-même, avec tous ses rapports avec la Nature et les Forces qui tiennent en existence cette planète où il se trouve sans trop savoir comment et pourquoioi. [...] Aujourd'hui, le cercle a été complété et au vingtième siècle, on retrouve la philosophie thomiste, [...] cette philosophie qui convenait au …  Lire la suite

In 1921, prospecting near the head waters of the York river in the interior of the Gaspe Peninsula,P.Q. led to the discovery of copper deposits. Since that time considerable geological work has been done in the vicinity of these copper showings. Noranda Mines Ltd. became interested in the economic possibilities of these deposits. This company financed a diamond drill program for the summer months of 1939 and 1940. In 1940, Dr. F.F. Osborne was employed by the Quebec Bureau of Mines to make a detailed examination of the property. Dr. Osborne found these deposits interesting for several reasons. [...] Metallic …  Lire la suite

[...] There is a great deal more to be done in the Canadian arctic. Large portions of the area between Alaska and Greenland are still blank on the biological map. Scientific activity in this region, with the exception of the Canadian Arctic expedition and the Fifth Thule expedition, has been very restricted and in part somewhat casual. The zoological collections of the Canadian Arctic expedition added much to the knowledge of the north, but they were not very rich in marine material. [...] For these reasons I was very glad of the opportunity, in 1939, to go as marine biologist …  Lire la suite

During recent years in these laboratories attention has been given to the possibilities of pulping wood with sulphur dioxide gas, under conditions which differ widely from any of the conventional methods of sulphite cooking. While undertaken originally as a method which afforded studies of the effects of the reaction products on sulphite cooking, the outlook developed to be one of the commercial feasibility of such a process. The essential features are that wood (moisture, 66%) is charged to a digester which is then evacuated and subsequently brought up to reaction temperature. Gaseous sulphur dioxide is then admitted to the digester …  Lire la suite

Bien que l'idée essentielle de voler existe dans le cerveau humain depuis vingt-cinq siècles au moins , l'aviation est en réalité une nouvelle profession. Il appartenait à notre époque de voir la réalisation de rêves parsemés à travers les âges et c'est le XXe siècle qui témoignera de l'admirable progrès et du développement de l'aviation, une des plus grandes choses que l'humanité ait connues. Pour se rendre compte de l'importance de l'aviation, on n'a qu'à lire les journaux ou à ecouter la T.S.F. Le nombre d'hommes et de femmes qui s'engagent dans l'aviation s'accroit constamment. Et le jour arrive, à …  Lire la suite

Hibbert, H. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Hibbert, H. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Kemp, H. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

La littérature se devait d'aborder ce thème du conflit des générations, car la pensée humaine doit tenter de tout explorer. L'âme humaine fut et demeurera le champ magnétique des esprits en éveil, une source inépuisable de découvertes et, surtout, le foyer des plus intéressants comme des plus angoissants problèmes. Or, parce que le littérateur se penche sur l'homme, il ne pouvait méconnaître l'existence d'un conflit entre les générations: tôt ou tard, il devait s'arrêter à l'analyse ou à la peinture de ce fait humain. Parce que la littérature est l'image de la vie, elle en traduit l'un de ses aspects: …  Lire la suite

This dissertation on chromite is not intended to cover all aspects of the mineralogy, geology, and economics of chrome ore. The main purpose is to discuss as adequately as possible the origin of chromite. Chromite is generally considered as a typical mineral of early magmatic origin. But a few authors have expressed some doubt as to the universal early magmatic character of the mineral. Some geologists even suggest that chromite may be hydrothermal. The arguments for late magmatic and hydrothermal chromite come mainly from observations with the microscope, whereas very few advocates have cited arguments based on the geology of …  Lire la suite

The term "crossing-over" is used to denote the exchange of pieces or segments between homologous chromosomes. The mechanism by which this exchange is brought about has constituted one of the major fields of genetical and cytological research for many years. The early work on crossing over was done by genetical methods which provided the means of analysis of the organization of linkage-groups--an analysis which was fundamental to the chromosome theory of heredity. Among the important discoveries resulting from the study of crossing-over were: (1) the linear arrangement of the genes (Sturtevant, 1913a), (2) the occurrence of interference between the crossing-over …  Lire la suite

The present study was undertaken for the purpose of ultimately systematically investigating the possible relationships between hormones, the kidney and hypertension and thus as the basis for later more complete work. This study deals entirely with all the evidence gathered to date which would make the kidney a target organ for hormonal effects, and essentially seeks to review the literature and to give a brief outline of original investigations thus far carried out. [...] Unfortunately accurate quantitative work has not yet been applied to any extent to the study of the effects of hormones on the kidney. We have thus …  Lire la suite

A knowledge of the thickness of overburden is of utmost importance both in ore exploration and in disclosing underground structure. Owing to the cost of drilling and to the fact that geological features upon the earth's surface are not always sufficient, methods for the determination of depth are often sought from other branches of science even if the information so obtained is only qualitative in nature. Giving results not less definite, but having the advantages of simple arrangements and great economy of both time and cost, geophysical methods are now widely used and they have become a powerful and sometimes …  Lire la suite

[...] A small people, surrounded on the American continent by an Anglo-Saxon civilization, the French Canadians have experienced the constant pressure of the forces of assimilation. These forces working silently, they have found a more serious threat to their national character than the more directly applied forces to which they were subjected immediately after the Conquest. They feel that if they relax their vigilance momentarily they will fall victims. For this reason, as time has gone on, they have looked more and more to France for aid in rekindling the flame of French culture and keeping it alive. They feel …  Lire la suite

En feuilletant une revue il y a quelques années, j'ai été frappée d'une phrase dans laquelle l'auteur mentionnait un ou deux opéras tirés de la littérature française. Comme la musique m'intéresse tout particulièrement, je me suis sentie tentée de faire des recherches sur ce sujet. En voici le résultat partiel; le nombre est fort grand des livrets d'opéra, fameux ou peu connus, dont le sujet est emprunté à la littérature française. J'ai dû alors me limiter au dix-neuvième siècle, la période la plus féconde pour l'opéra. A cause de la Guerre, j'ai dû faire toutes mes recherches aux Etats-Unis et …  Lire la suite

Twenty lines of the normal spectrum of cadmium have been observed at fields between 95 and 135 KV per cm. Eight of the lines show displacements. These displaced lines led to the detection of five displaced 3D levels and one displaced 3S level. In every case the wave number of the level is decreased. The displacement increases with increasing term number, and is greater for the perpendicular than for the parallel components. Eleven ionized cadmium lines were also recorded. None of these lines are displaced. [...]  Lire la suite

To control the power of fire has been one of the perpetual problems of mankind. When man learned that he could make fire an instrument of service, he found also that he was unable to cope with his tool when it overran its confinements. This might still be an unfortunate truth today were it not for the discovery of a curious fibrous mineral, called asbestos, whose outstanding and most useful characteristic is incombustibility. Through the use of this strange material men have been able to diminish the destruction that fire can create and to make modern living safer, more comfortable, …  Lire la suite

[...] Le but immédiat de ce travail était donc d'étudier l'action de certains facteurs sur la rupture de l'hibernation de tenthrèdes ayant vécu dans leur milieu habitual jusqu'au stage de cocon, et déterminer lequel ou lesquels de ces facteurs agissent avec le plus de force. Pour cela j'ai d'abord établi l'influence de différentes températures d'hibernation et de nymphose afin d'en arriver à la température optimum pour chacun des deux états. A ces températures optima et pour différentes périodes d'hibernation, j'ai fait agir soit durant l'hibernation, soit durant la nymphose, soit encore durant l'hibernation et la nymphose, d'autres facteurs ou agents …  Lire la suite

The object of this investigation was to acquire new information relating to the chemical structure of lignin by studying the catalytic, high-temperature, high-pressure, hydrogenation of lignin and wood. This resolved itself into three aims: (1) To convert as much as possible of the total lignin in wood into relatively simple hydrogenation products. (2) To separate and identify these substances. (3) To establish a material balance between the products isolated and the lignin in the wood. The greater part of the work related to the hydrogenation of wood, as this offered the maximum probability of success in reaching the objectives.  Lire la suite

To the alchemist it became an apparent fact that certain transmutations would proceed readily whereas others would not. To the modern scientist the processes of transmutation of substances into other substances in the supra-atomic field -- to be distinct from subatomic transmutations -- would be a closed book; if by prededuced constants of the elements and compounds involved he could calculate the state of equilibrium for the transmutation, and by set general principles and rules he could determine the rate of transmutation. The problem of determining the state of equilibrium of a reaction or transmutation belongs to the field of …  Lire la suite

Paul Bourget, qu'il est d'usage de considérer surtout comme un romancier à idées, - c'est à dire, écrivant des ouvrages qui présentent une thèse à disouter, - est aussi, si on le replace dans la lignée des romanciers français, un des plus grands romanciers psychologues. Il a consacré au moins la moitié de son oeuvre à l'étude des complexités des passions de l'amour. Il est d'usage, en effet, de distinguer deux groupes d'ouvrages dans sa production. Le premier groupe est avant tout l'oeuvre d'un psychologue qui regarde dans le coeur de l'homme pour y suivre la naissance et le délevoppement …  Lire la suite

The Canadian research student working in the field of English history is necessarily hampered by the inaccessability of original documents. The following work has been constructed, therefore, from material culled out of printed sources like the Calendar of State Papers, Domestic; Acts of the Privy Council; Historical Manuscripts Commission; Journals of the House of Commons; and the Statutes of the Realm. These sources exhaust the material available to anyone treating this subject in Canada. This work represents an attempt to make the student of English history, sheriff conscious. For as yet, this official has not received the attention rightfully due …  Lire la suite

This essay deals with the Innovation theory advanced by Dr. Schumpeter. The argument runs as follows: Economic Evolution (Development) in the Capitalist system proceeds non monotonically and is inherently cyclical. Without Development the system is not capitalist. Factors External (Chapter one) and Internal (Chapters three and four) disturb equilibrium conditions (Chapter two). Stripped of External factors and the Internal (except innovation) the system would still be cyclic. Hence he concludes that Innovation is the prime cause of cyclicity. Theoretically the system moves about a neighborhood of equilibrium in prosperity and recession phases; when secondary forces exert their influence the cycle …  Lire la suite

Detailed geological mapping of the interior of the Gaspe peninsula has been carried on only in recent years. Logan (1) as early as 1863, however, correctly interpreted the structure of the peninsula as a great east-west trending synclinorium. When the Federal lead - zinc and the Miller copper prospects were found just after the First World War, detailed mapping of the interior was commenced. The areal geology mapped by I.W. Jones in the district served as a basis for the study of the Miller properties. The mineralisation of the Miller claims is pyrometasamatic but, in certain respects, it differs radically …  Lire la suite

La période entre les années 1880 et 1900 fut une époque de transition, d'incertitude et de confusion spirituelle en France. Au point de vue politique et social, la France, quoique déjà matériellement relevée de la guerre de 1870, n'avait pas encore retrouvé son équilibre intérieur, et par conséquent, souffrait de sa défaite par les luttes politiques. Dans les lettres, les vieilles formules, les vieilles écoles disparaissaient et les nouvelles directions n'existaient pas encore. En poésie, le Romantisme avait achevé sa course et il n'était pas encore question de Symbolisme. Dans le roman, le Naturalisme avait déjà reçu plus d'une atteinte. …  Lire la suite

Although the attention of the earliest chemists was probably attracted to slowly progressing chemical changes, no definite ideas about the inherent nature of chemical action could be formed until quantitative investigations on the rate of reactions were made. [...] In as much as the reactions of the simple hydrocarbons are of great importance from both the theoretical and industrial points of view, it is not surprising that keen interest has been shown in their thermal decomposition mechanisms. Unfortunately, however, the thermal decomposition reactions of these compounds generally involve complicated steps, difficult to untangle, with the result that to deduce a …  Lire la suite

Huskins, C. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

On November 16th, 1935, for the first time under the Covenant of the League of Nations, measures of economic pressure, "Sanctions," were taken by some fifty sovereign states, large and small, against another sovereign state - with a view to restraining a breach of a treaty obligation. The sovereign state thus dealt with had, in the opinion of the states taking action, resorted to war with a fellow member of the League of Nations in violation of the Covenant of the League. Sanctions in 1935 and 1S36 failed to achieve their object. In the forms in which they were applied …  Lire la suite

A digestion trial, comparing the digestibility of ether extract and true fats of feeds is reported. Rabbits were used as the experimental animals. The true fat fraction was determined according to the method recently developed by Horwitt and co-workers. The standard procedure (A.O.A.C.) was used for the determination of ether extract. The true fat content of a high fat feed (soya bean) was found to be completely digestible. In grass the digestibility of true fats was lower. This was probably due to the fact that the grass cell had a higher fiber content, which hindered the complete action of the …  Lire la suite

The analytical approach to foreign exchange control can take one of two consistent forms. The technique can be explored in relation to the absolute criterion of international specialization or, it can be examined in relation to the relative criterion of national expediency. However, it is impossible to deal with the subject consistently if we accept the relative premise and apply the absolute criterion to it. [...] This works purports to examine (1) whether exchange control is a technique in a secular trend or, merely an emergency measure; (2) are its characteristics universal or specific to the economy in which it …  Lire la suite

This thesis attempts to trace the development of one phase of political philosophy in fifth century Greece-- a theory of supreme political power. The first section discusses the necessary differences between the theory held by the Greeks and that held by modern thinkers. This subject is divided into comparisons between the Greek and modern theories concerning the state, the individual, law, and society. The next section deals briefly with some writers prior to the fifth century who were concerned with this problem. It gives some examples of the Greek love of liberty and equality which characterises fifth century thought and …  Lire la suite