McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1950

Reactions of the type (p,n), (p,2n), (p,3n) can be expected as the energy of the incident proton is successively increased. Although limited experimental evidence for (α, jn) and(d, jn) reactions is available, there appears to be no (p,jn) reactions (other than j = 1,2) reported. The McGill 82” F.M. Cyclotron, with a proton energy range up to 100 Mev. is particularly suitable for this type of investigation. Gold, Z = 79, has a single stable isotope of mass 197 and (p>jn) reactions yield neutron-deficient mercury (z = 80) isotopes for which no data has been published except for j = …  Lire la suite

[...] This thesis is an exploratory study, the focus of which is to examine the personal, social, economic and cultural characteristics of a number of prospective boarding home parents. The Protestant Foster Home Centre 1 in Montreal has, during the past ten years, been placing and supervising children in foster homes. At this time the agency is interested to learn what types of boarding homes come to their attention. The reason for this interest is that children with various social, economic and cultural characteristics become dependent on the agency for foster home care. They require placement with people who have …  Lire la suite

The MacLeod-Cockshutt property is a group of 24 contiguous claims, 1163 acres in all, in the Little Long Lac mining area, Thunder Bay Mining District, Ontario, it is 3½ miles south of Geraldton, a town of 5500 people, on a branch line of the Canadian National Railway. Geraldton is the principal supply point for the mines in the district and a paved highway provides easy access to the MacLeod-Cockshutt and other mines from this point. The MacLeod-Cockshutt mine has been producing since 1938. Its gold and silver production to September 30, 1949 was valued at $19,598,445. It has been only …  Lire la suite

Reciprocal dumping is a common business practice both in the United States and in Canada. It has been alleged that it is undesirable mainly on the grounds that it increases costs of distribution, that it leads to a lessening of competition with consequent enhancement of prices, and that it induces mal-location of the firms of industries practicing it. On the other hand, reciprocal dumping has been stoutly defended; it has been contended that the additional costs of distribution are not very large, that more firms are enabled to compete for the same business and thereby to exert a greater downward …  Lire la suite

An adequate diet for humans must include protein. The most natural and pleasant manner in which humans may receive their protein requirement is in the form of whole foods. A diet which is considered normal in our North American civilization appears to provide an adequate supply of protein. There are, of course, circumstances in which an adequate supply of protein is not, or cannot be obtained through the diet. Poverty, ignorance and social custom are the most common causes of protein deficiency in the diet. Miranda (1) refers to this protein deficiency as hypoproteinosis and states that it is the …  Lire la suite

The preparasitic, or free-living phase of the life-cycle of the Trichostongoylid nematodes parasitic in the rabbit includes the egg, the first and second stage preinfective larvae, and the ensheathed or infective larvae. The egg stage passes out in the faeces of the host and is deposited on the grass of the pasture. The first and second stage larvae normally remain in the faeces, and it is not until the third or infective stage is reached that migration from faeces to the grass blades occurs. Temperature, moisture and sunlight are generally considered to be the most important natural influences affecting the …  Lire la suite

De tous les personnages saisissants dont est remplie la “Comédie Humaine” de Balzac, celui de Jacques Collin, dit Trompe-la-Mort, dit Vautrin, dit l’abbé Carlos-Herrera, est un des plus intéressants et des plus remarquables. Vautrin est en même temps un individu, un type et un symbole. L’oeuvre de Balzac aurait été manquée s’il avait omis de son tableau cette société en dehors et au-dessous de la société, le monde criminel. Ce monde est dépeint dans plusieurs des romans dans lesquels Vautrin joue un rôle; et Vautrin en est le type. Il est aussi le symbole du crime, de la révolte, de …  Lire la suite

Man’s interest in himself and the way in which he differs from his fellow is a common and frequently observed phenomenon. Psychologists too, concerned as they are in studying the human organism, are interested in individual differences. The amount of information one possesses with respect to any object, person, or event may be thought to be a function of the number of statements of difference one is able to make about it and the things around it. The lack of adequate methods for measuring psychological properties has long been one of the major difficulties confronting research workers in this field. …  Lire la suite

Enough has been written about Proudhon both in French and in English to make a detailed description of bis life and personality quite unnecessary. This is especially true since the publication of the latest biography by Edouard Dolleans (l). His long study of the works, letters and as yet unpublished diary of Proudhon has resulted in a comprehensive and reliable picture of the Franche-Comtois socialist which fills in many gaps left by such early biographers as Sainte-Beuve, von Diehl and Desjardins. In the present instance, then, there can be no justification for any treatment of the life of Proudhon except …  Lire la suite

Ever since 1929, when Lashley (14) published the results of his brain-extirpation experiments and Kohler (11) his critique of associationism and behaviorism, psychologists have been prone to tacit acceptance of the equipotentiality hypothesis. For over two decades, many a contemporary theorist has conceded Lashley’s argument and, consequently, has assumed that some form of configuration theory constitutes the only adequate attack upon behavioral problems. [...] The recognition-differential for Jewish words, although in the opposite direction from the English differential, was small and, consequently, one could argue that the conditions for Jewish-word recognition were, in some way, qualitatively different from that of …  Lire la suite

The polarization, complex dielectric constants, and hence the absorption coefficients are found for the following structures of dipoles: a long chain of dipoles, a two-dimensional lattice and a three-dimensional lattice, the dipoles being allowed small oscillations in a plane, and a three-dimensional simple cubic lattice, the dipoles being allowed small oscillations in any plane. The results are of the same general form as those given by H. Prohlich for the case of a single polar molecule. The results contain two terms, one depending on the dipole interaction forces, and a second which is present in Prohlich’s result depending on non-dipole …  Lire la suite

A widespread emphasis on the process of perception, in the understanding of social psychological and clinical phenomena, is currently foremost on the psychological scene. This orientation owes much to the pioneer experimentation and thinking of Muzafer Sherif. Sherif’s thesis, outlined in 1935 along with supporting anthropological data ,( 21 ), is that the way in which the individual perceives his world can serve as a fertile and reliable index of his behavior and its study would yield valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms which conditioning, or any response theory, probably never could. As a suitable laboratory situation in which to …  Lire la suite

Equipment is described for measuring current-noise from resistors of large resistance values, with shot noise calibration, and for recording this noise simultaneously at two frequencies. Current-noise has been measured from different commercial type resistors, for resistance values from 0.33 to 1,000 Kilo-ohms, for various applied dc voltages in the frequency range from 20 to 500 kc/s. Current-noise (in r.m.s. volts/volt/unit bandwidth) is found to be independent of the applied voltage. For one type of resistor it is independent of resistance, while for another the variation is with the half-power of the resistance. Variation with frequency is found to be at …  Lire la suite

In the past few decades, tremendous strides have been made by medical science in the prevention and the cure of disease. Public health measures and the discovery of effective chemotherapeutic and antibiotic agents have greatly reduced the morbidity and mortality of the acute infectious diseases, while the more chronic diseases, such as syphilis and tuberculosis, are slowly beginning to yield to the newer methods of attack. Advances in other fields as well have been great, so that even cancer cowers before the onslaught. The result of all this progress has been to bring into sharper focus the diseases of the …  Lire la suite

Opinions on the subject of thyroid gland growth have long been divided, with various authors taking diverse stands. Fredric Thomas in work on human thyroids in Belgium observed an increase in the size of the follicles with age. He explained this as resulting from the fusion of small follicles to form larger ones, providing therefore for a subsequent decrease in the number of follicles present. On the other hand Bargman summarized the reports indicating that new follicles appear by budding or constricting off from existing follicles. Bizzozero expressed the belief that all thyroid cells were present in the gland at …  Lire la suite

Opinions on the subject of thyroid gland growth have long been divided, with various authors taking diverse stands. Fredric Thomas in work on human thyroids in Belgium observed an increase in the size of the follicles with age. He explained this as resulting from the fusion of small follicles to form larger ones, providing therefore for a subsequent decrease in the number of follicles present. On the other hand Bargman summarized the reports indicating that new follicles appear by budding or constricting off from existing follicles. Bizzozero expressed the belief that all thyroid cells were present in the gland at …  Lire la suite

For the purposes of our aparoach to the Arcadia it is not necessary to go further back than Dobell's discovery of the MSS of the Old Arcadia, which stimulated scholarly interest in Sidney in general. Dobell's finding of the MSS, however, was a greater contribution to scholarship than was his article in The Quarterly Review.[...]  Lire la suite

Many years of experimental research were required before the French Psychologist, Alfred Binet was able to produce an intelligence scale, whereby the relative intellectual capacities of children could be measured. The formulation of these tests in 1905 revolutionized the psychological field and paved the way to a fuller understanding of the mental powers of people. His concept of intelligence emphasizes three characteristics of the thought process; “Its tendency to take and maintain a definite direction; the capacity to make adaptations for the purpose of attaining a desired end; and the power of auto-criticism.”’ In the early part of this century …  Lire la suite

Few writers have interpreted the consciousness of their times as accurately as Aldous Huxley. With brilliant satire he conveys the deep sense of disillusion which marked the post-war period of the nineteen-twenties. The advance from scepticism to knowledge of God found in his novels reflects the groping spirit of an uneasy age. He speaks for a generation which began in the conviction that there was no need for faith, and came to hope that it was still not too late to find it. The conclusions which he draws from his analysis of man’s relationship to his changing world are significant, …  Lire la suite

The depression of the ‘thirties provided a great impetus to economic thinking. Since 1933 many discussions have centred upon cycle theory and full employment as the “Keynesian Revolution” took place. Now, a multitude of economists no longer assiduously believe in the ability of automatic forces in the market to maintain an adequate level of employment. To use economic terminology, there is a feeling that the ex ante propensity to save at full employment is greater than the corresponding ex ante propensity to invest. This inequality of these two variables is incompatible with the maintenance of full employment. A fall in …  Lire la suite

Après le coup d'État de Louis Bonaparte en 1851, Victor Hugo avait fini par trouver asile à Guernesey dans un cadre original et grandiose. "Cette ile, affirme Poinsot dans son ouvrage, auprès de monsieur Victor Hugo, est à la fois gracieuse comme l'idylle et farouche comme ''épopée. Elle permet la promenade aimable parmi les spectacles les plus séduisants et la méditation féconde parmi les décors les plus sauvages de la nature".[...]  Lire la suite

It is my intention to trace the origins and development of accounting procedures and methods from their original environments, through the process of institutionalization and into their final stages of acceptance as traditional forms of accounting technique. For this purpose a historical perspective is required and will necessitate a very cursory review of some other aspects of economic development, just adequate enough to identify the changes in other social forces that were concurrent with the developments in accounting techniques. History moves in stages which are distinguished by certain basic characteristics. However, the stages are not clear cut, for the early …  Lire la suite

Measurements of input admittance, over the frequency range 300Mcs/s. to 900Mcs/s., were made on four different types of triodes represented by the HY75, 826, 388, 957. A coaxial resonant line was used as the measuring device. It was found that the cold tube input admittance increases rapidly with increasing frequency over the normally used range, passing through alternant poles and zeros. This indicates that another usefull range of tube operation may be obtained at frequencies higher than the first series resonant frequency. Also the inductive input susceptance observed in that range may be found usefull. An indication of transit time …  Lire la suite

The influence of maturity on the nutritive value of the leaf, stem and head of timothy hay harvested at two stages of maturity has been investigated. Average digestibility coefficients by four Cheviot wethers were used as the criterion for measuring nutritive value. The decreased nutritive value of the hay with maturity was caused by a serious decrease in availability of the stem nutrients. The leaf and head of the plant largely maintained their high nutritive value with maturity, except in the case of protein whose availability was in all cases very much lowered. The head of the plant assumed greater …  Lire la suite

As to originality and contribution to knowledge, the candidate knows of no other work covering the same ground. He has been informed by the Bank for International Settlement that apart from the Bank's own Annual Reports the only published reference to the Bank since the middle Nineteen Thirties has been newspaper notices and occasional magazine articles on various topical aspects. The treatment in this thesis of the Bank's history has been based principally on the Bank's Annual Reports, on books cited in the text, on newspaper and other published references of the period, and numerous questions, arising out of a …  Lire la suite

In this study an attempt has been made to evaluate the effect adrenocorticotrophic hormone has on respiratory function. The idea was conceived by Doctor B. Rose and Doctor J. S. L. Browne who observed that in cases where glucocorticoid excretion was high, as in cases of pregnancy, asthmatics very often experienced a remission. During the latter part of our studies Cortisone became available and thus a few cases were treated with it and were included in this series. For the sake of simplicity and convenience Adrenocorticotrophic Hormone will be referred to as ACTH in this presentation.  Lire la suite

An electron optical, bright-field, shadow method using the electron microscope has been applied to the observation of electric and magnetic fields. The fringe field around a magnetic recording wire has been examined and measured. The electric field between two parallel conducting cylinders maintained at a constant difference of potential and the magnetic field of a pair of Helmholtz coils have also been measured. The experimental results have been compared with theoretical calculations and have been found to be in sufficiently close agreement to justify the underlying assumptions.  Lire la suite

A computer may be defined as a device that performs mathematical operations on input data to yield results which may otherwise be obtained by more laborious and time-consuming methods. Analogue computers represent a general method of using one physical system as a model for another system, more difficult to construct or measure, that obeys equations of the same form. An analogue computer is one which deals with continuously variable physical magnitude; a simple example is the use of an electrolytic trough to plot lines of current flow between immersed electrodes, which are analogous to the lines of electric intensity between …  Lire la suite

A study has been made of the internal parasites of 14 seagulls, Larus argentatus, captured at intervals on the Ottawa River near Ste. Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, during September and October, 1948, and June and July, 1949. The birds were brought immediately to the laboratory and a careful examination of each was made for external and internal parasites. Blood smears were also examined for protozoan parasites. None of the birds showed any external parasites or protozoans in the blood but, at the same time, no bird was free from parasites of the digestive system. The nematode parasites were fixed in …  Lire la suite

This paper consists of several parts which, while dealing with parasites of the agouti, are quite separate in themselves. A general historical account therefore, may be both disconnected and confusing. Wherever it is possible to do so, an account of previous work will be given before each undertaking. The family Dasyproctidae including about twenty three (23) species of agoutis and pacas is peculiar to the neotropical region. Two species of this family are found in Trinidad viz. Dasyorocta agouti and Coelogenys paca. The agouti, (Dasyprocta agouti) is found also in a few of the islands north of Trinidad but, with …  Lire la suite

Adair, E. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Results of colon surgery at the turn of the century, as compared with those of the present day, show great improvement in recent years. This improvement has been due to many factors, the most important of all being the careful preoperative preparation of the patients. Formerly, patients were admitted to the hospital and in a day or two were operated on. The bowels were full of faeces and teeming with bacteria, and as a result the mortality after operation often ranged from sixty to seventy per cent, even in the hands of the best surgeons. In the past fifteen or …  Lire la suite

It is known that the bone consists of crystals of a Calcium phosphate complex held together in a matrix derived from connective tissue. The phosphate salts are responsible for the firmness and resistance which are two of the main characteristics of bone. The problem of bone formation has been approached in two ways; First, histologically by the comparison of bones from animals of various ages; Secondly, by chemical estimation of bone salts and more recently phosphatase. In spite of the large amount of knowledge accumulated on the subject, many points are still obscure. Indeed, our knowledge of bone formation has …  Lire la suite

The ancients considered natural brines to be azoic (Baas Becking, 1931-A), but it has been recognized gradually that certain microscopically visible animals could survive in near-saturated brine solutions. Farlow (1880, 1886) was the first to study the microscopic entity associated with the reddening of salt codfish. Subsequently, bacteria were shown to be responsible for much of the biological activity observed in salt flats and lakes. Bacteria found in these environments were referred to as being “halophilic”. The term halophilic stems from two Greek words: halos and philus meaning respectively “salt” and “loving”. The extent to which bacteria may be considered …  Lire la suite

Alfred North Whitehead, “the latest and the greatest of the Cambridge Platonists”, once said that if our ancestors had been wise positivists there would be no civilization today. It is not difficult to discover the meaning of this remark, and what follows is little more than an elaboration upon it. The main occupation, one might almost say obsession, of most modern philosophy is with knowledge. That hybrid epistomology, the child of logic and psychology, occupies most of the thoughts of our modern philosophers.‘What does it mean?”, “how can I know?”. These are the questions which are considered to be of …  Lire la suite

Investigations of the effect of recirculation on the stability of a small scale combustion tube have been carried out in an attempt to substantiate a theory developed by D.L.Mordell (6). The development and improvement of the apparatus is described. Preliminary runs without recirculation were made in order to obtain basic curves for purposes of comparison. In the original arrangement, recirculation was obtained by means of a jet facing upstream, some results were obtained and estimations of induced reverse flow were attempted. Because of the many unknown and uncontrollable factors this method was eventually abandoned in favor of an adapter which …  Lire la suite

The use of a heated fine wire as a delicate detector of fluid velocity and pressure has been known for many years. King, in an intensive series of experiments and theoretical examination, developed the hot-wire anemometer and indicated the linear relation between the heat lost by a hot wire in a moving stream of air and the square root of its velocity, at high velocities. The hot-wire microphone, a sensitive means of detection of acoustic waves was brought into prominence by Tucker and Paris. With grids of fine platinum wires mounted in the necks of suitable resonators they were able …  Lire la suite

The purpose of this study has been the investigation of the influence of manual massage, applied directly over the site of injury in a peripheral nerve, on the rate of downgrowth of the regenerating axons into the peripheral segment of the nerve. There have been a number of reports in the literature on allegedly successful or unsuccessful attempts to stimulate the rate of peripheral nerve regeneration. As regards the use of massage in this connection, many investigators have stressed the value of its application to denervated muscles, in order to maintain them in as healthy a state as possible for …  Lire la suite

One of the greatest myths of the last War, was the myth of the highly integrated, admirably organized and remarkably efficient Nazi Germany. Whether one referred to the “monolithic” state, its “pyramidal” structure or its totalitarian, centrally controlled administration, the same image was evoked in the mind; that of a country where the leadership principle, the rigid discipline which unlimited power can enforce, and the absence of all checks and restraints upon a government which was a law unto itself, all combined in producing the most marvellously efficient state apparatus, a state apparatus which, no matter how ruthless and unscrupulous …  Lire la suite

This subject is not a new one. It has interested others and similar studies have been done in the past whereby treatment of illness was evaluated in terms of the person or persons involved to effect the best solution to the patient’s manifold problem- Many physicians are remembered not only for their contribution to science but also for their wisdom and skill in healing. It was such physicians who, in the first decade of the twentieth century initiated the partnership of medicine and social work. One of these physicians, Richard C. Cabot established in the Massachusetts General Hospital one of …  Lire la suite

This introduction will be mainly concerned with highlighting some salient features of the problem of nuclear forces, stress being placed on the different results obtained in considering neutron-proton and proton-proton interactions and the resultant arguments with respect to the charge independence of nuclear forces. Also some of the problems of meson field theories and their attempted solutions will be mentioned. These factors will be considered on the basis of phenomenological theories and field theories.[...]  Lire la suite

The electronic energy bands and Brillouin zones of boron nitride are investigated using the tightbinding approximation. The optical absorption spectrum is found to lie well in the ultraviolet, explaining the white colour of the compound; the ionic character of the bonds is investigated; the contribution of the free electrons to the conductivity is found to be negligible.  Lire la suite

At the present time in Canada, all but a small proportion of the milk for fluid use is transported from farm to dairy by truck. Usually this operation is carried out by an enterpriser whose sole business is the hauling of milk from the primary producer to the distributor. On the average, the cost of transporting milk from the farm to the distributor amounts to about three-quarters of a cent-/per quart. Whether this amount represents the cost of bringing an adequate supply of high quality milk to the market, avoiding inefficiency and/or excessive profits, is a question which concerns the …  Lire la suite

The principle that the people of no nation may go into the country of another people, however remote or primitive, and dispossess them of their land has now been accepted by all western civilized nations. The history of the past ten years offers tangible evidence of such an acceptance: Britain has philosophically, if not cheerfully, retreated from India; the United States has handed over the Phillipines; there has been no tendency to displace or exploit the people of Japan; but it has only been spasmodically, and in very few minds, that the question has ever been raised as to whether …  Lire la suite

This thesis is designed to explore the social casework practiced with a group of twenty-four children aged ten to twelve years referred to a Child Guidance Clinic and with their families. The main purpose is to reveal the most effective ways of helping children of this age with any behaviour difficulties which may arise. To accomplish this end, a study was first made of the types of problems presented by twenty-four children. These included various forms of anti social behaviour, certain manifestations of emotional disturbance, and difficulties in the areas of school work or relationships with adults and children. The …  Lire la suite

Benzoyl peroxide is still widely used in polymerization reactions and in other experiments where a source of free radicals is required. Quantitative interpretation of the results of these experiments requires that the mechanism of the decomposition of benzoyl peroxide be known with some precision. A review of the literature showed two main schools of thought on the mechanism of the decomposition of benzoyl peroxide. One of these proposes dissociation of the peroxide into two benzoate radicals with subsequent reaction of the radicals. The other involves direct reaction of the peroxide without prior dissociation. The proponents of the first line of …  Lire la suite

This work embodies the results of an investigation which arose in the course of studies of the mode of carcinogenic action of 2-acetyl-aminofluorene on rats. The tumours produced by this compound originate in various sites of the body. Although this offers definite advantages over drugs with strictly local carcinogenic action, the site of the tumours is frequently difficult to determine, being dependent on different factors. In the Fall of 1949, it was observed that animals receiving a higher absolute daily dose of this drug developed early liver lesions. This attracted the interest of our Director, Dr. D.R. Webster, who was …  Lire la suite

It has been said that, had the physicist not discovered the electron, the chemist would have been forced to invent it. That is to say that, in trying to understand the Chemical behaviour of atoms, some knowledge of the physical structure of those atoms is required; and if the relevant information is not forthcoming from other disciplines, it must be inferred — “invented”, if you will. In similar fashion the physicist has had to “invent”, and rather freely at times. All atomic nuclei, if composed solely of the more readily observable constituents, should blow up instantly and with incredible violence. …  Lire la suite