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2013 — Mechanical stimulation of orthopaedic tissues: regulation of bone resorption and solute transport through articular cartilageRésumé
Orthopaedic tissues such as bone, cartilage, ligament, tendon and muscle serve primarily mechanical roles in support of controlled movement. These tissues must continually adapt to changes in their physical environments, in a lifelong process termed remodelling. Interactions between cells in orthopaedic tissues and their physical surroundings underlie tissue functions, remodelling, responses to injury, diseases and repair. Osteoclasts are a type of bone cell responsible for bone resorption. Effects of mechanical stimulation on osteoclast differentiation and subsequent bone resorption activity are of interest for understanding bone physiology within a mechanically active environment. As a preliminary step toward osteoclast mechanotransduction experiments, we … Lire la suite
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2013 — The role of Lkb1 in preimplantation mouse embryosRésumé
LKB1 est un gène suppresseur de tumeur associé à une maladie autosomique dominante rare connue sous le nom de Peutz-Jeghers (PJS). Cette pathologie se caractérise principalement par la formation de polypes bénins gastro-intestinaux et un risque accru de développer des tumeurs malignes.Il a été démontré que LKB1 est impliqué dans divers événements cellulaires tels que la régulation du cycle cellulaire, l'établissement de la polarité cellulaire et la morphogenèse épithéliale ainsi que le métabolisme énergétique. Le rôle de LKB1 dans le développement a été étudié chez les souris KO LKB1. Fait intéressant, les embryons homozygotes mutants survivent jusqu'au jour embryonnaire E9.5 … Lire la suite
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2013 — The role of the TLR4-TRIF axis in allergic airway diseaseRésumé
Epidemiological studies, genetic analyses, as well as clinical and experimental data indicate a potential for the innate immune pattern-recognition receptor, the toll-like receptor 4, and its bacterial ligand, lipopolysaccharide, to initiate, exacerbate, or conversely prevent or treat allergic airway disease, depending on conditions and mechanisms that are still being elucidated. Animal studies suggest that many of these pro- or anti-inflammatory events are driven by activation of a signaling pathway downstream of TLR4 which relies upon the intracellular adaptor protein 'myeloid differentiating factor 88' (MyD88), whereas the other major TLR4-activated signaling pathway controlled by the adaptor 'Toll, IL-1 receptor and Resistance … Lire la suite
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2013 — Virtual reality-based spatial memory intervention in patients with mild cognitive impairmentRésumé
Les patients atteints de trouble cognitif léger (TCL) présentent habituellement une atrophie de l'hippocampe, un facteur de risque majeur pour le développement de la maladie d'Alzheimer. Il est donc important de prévenir cette atrophie hippocampale car cela pourrait permettre de repousser la venue de la démence. Des études précédentes menées au sein de notre laboratoire ont démontré qu'il existe une association spécifique entre l'hippocampe et la mémoire spatiale, définie comme étant la mémoire des lieux. Nous avons donc développé un programme d'entrainement de la mémoire spatiale (PEMS) informatisé qui stimule l'hippocampe. Dans la présente étude, des patients atteints de TCL … Lire la suite
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2013 — Seismic design of lateral resisting cold-formed steel framed (CFS) structuresRésumé
Seismic design provisions for wood sheathed / cold-formed steel (CFS) framed shear walls and CFS strap braced walls are available in the AISI S213-07 Standard. However, the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC), as well as the CSA S136 and the AISI S213 Standards, at present, do not address the seismic design of steel sheathed / CFS framed shear walls for use in Canada. The existing design guidelines for CFS framed shear walls are based on data obtained from static tests carried out under both monotonic and reversed cyclic loading protocols. The objective of this research was to develop seismic … Lire la suite
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2013 — Insuring the future: the reputational imperative and territorial disputes in South Asia, 1947-1965Résumé
Les politiques de l'État poursuivant les compromis ou conflits, et l'étendue de chacune de ces politiques, varient de façon importante en territoires en disputes en Asie du Sud pour cas variés et parmi disputes au fil du temps. Cependant, les travaux existants sur le sujet qui mettent l'accent sur la prédominance - stratégique, économique ou symbolique – du territoire en dispute, s'avèrent souvent inadéquats pour expliquer ces variations. De plus, ils n'arrivent pas à expliquer certains comportements curieux de l'État – pourquoi, par exemple,les États choisissent-ils parfois de faire de grandes concessions de territoires de grande valeur, et d'adopter des … Lire la suite
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2013 — Biochar and PGPR as methods for low-input management of bioenergy grassesRésumé
Ayant de la croissance rapide, hautement productive et une faible consommation de N, les herbes vivaces à rhizomes (GPR) C3 et C4 ont le potentiel d'être d'excellentes futures matières premières bioénergétiques lignocellulosiques dans des zones climatiques tempérées. Le biochar, un matériel noir séquestrant de carbone, est une communauté actif de PGPR dont tous les deux ont été demonstrés à améliorer la croissance des plantes, cependant elles n'ont pas été testées avec des PRG pertinentes dans les conditions Québecoises (zones tempérées de haute latitude). Des études agronomiques ont été menées sur la production agricole des cultures pour bioénergie avec deux espèces … Lire la suite
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2013 — Fabrication of indium nitride nanowire hybrid devicesRésumé
Mi, Zetian (Internal/Cosupervisor2) Lire la suite
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2013 — Phenotypic response to anthropogenic stressors in the African cyprinid Rastrineobola argenteaRésumé
Alors qu'il est désormais clair que les activités humaines soient une force évolutive importante, on ne sait toujours que relativement peu de la généralité et des conséquences potentielles des changements phénotypiques de nature anthropogène. Ma recherche de doctorat explore les changements phénotypiques associés à deux perturbations anthropiques qui menacent fortement les communautés aquatiques dans le monde entier: la pêche et l'introduction d'espèces exotiques. Dans une revue de littérature quantitative, je montre d'abord que la pêche est une cause commune de changement contemporain dans les traits d'histoire de vie des populations de poissons exploitées commercialement: la pêche est significativement associée à … Lire la suite
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2013 — The regulation of Protein Kinase R activation by the PKR Activator, during Human Immunodeficiency Virus infectionRésumé
During viral infection, the production of interferons (IFNs) plays a critical role in the host innate immune system due to its ability to upregulate genes that contribute to the antiviral state. One of the most studied IFN-stimulated genes is the dsRNA-activated protein kinase R (PKR), which has an important function in the antiviral response by preventing translation initiation through phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α). Both cellular and viral factors contribute to PKR regulation. During human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replication, the viral TAR RNA element activates PKR while the viral protein Tat and … Lire la suite
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2013 — Resonant tunneling in gallium nitride and aluminum nitride nanowire heterostructuresRésumé
Les nanofils semi-conducteurs hétérostructurés composés de nitrure de gallium et d'aluminium III-V ont émergé comme des candidats prometteurs pour de nombreuses applications de dispositifs photoniques, allant de la lumière visible à l'infrarouge proche, moyen et lointain. Dans ce projet, les propriétés électriques et l'effet tunnel résonnant de nanofils semi-conducteurs hétérostructurés de nitrure de gallium et d'aluminium ont été étudiés. La résistance différentielle négative a été observée dans les mesures de courant-tension à la température ambiante et à 77 K pour les dispositifs à un seul nanofil ainsi que des dispositifs de grande surface avec plusieurs nanofils, ce qui confirme la … Lire la suite
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2013 — Flexible ultrasonic tranducers using ferroelectric sol-gel composite films for non-destructive testing and structual health monitoringRésumé
Dans cette thèse, des capteurs flexibles ultrasonores (CFU) à haute température (HT) ont été développés pour des applications dans le domaine de l'évaluation non destructive (END) et celui de la surveillance de la santé structurelle (SSS). Alors que les capteurs intégrés (CIU) qui peuvent être fabriqués sur site et qui ne nécessitent pas de couplant sont des solutions attrayantes dans ces domaines, la fabrication sur site peut souvent être difficile ou infaisable selon les conditions. Par contre, les CFUs qui sont petits et légers peuvent être fabriqués à part et installés sur site. Les couches composées piézo-électriques, avec lesquelles les … Lire la suite
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2013 — Discovery and characterization of novel inhibitors of protein kinase RRésumé
Double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is an interferon-inducible serine/threonine kinase that plays a crucial role in innate immunity against viral infections. Activated PKR downregulates global protein synthesis through phosphorylation of the α subunit of eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2) and induces transcriptional output of cellular mRNAs implicated in limiting viral spread. Accumulating evidence suggests that PKR is involved in a multitude of other cellular processes including signal transduction, apoptosis, cell growth and differentiation, as well as the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, small molecules targeting PKR would be useful as tools to help understand the intricacies of … Lire la suite
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2013 — Breaking down barriers: Québec's attempt to promote social harmony through religious education in schoolsRésumé
This thesis examines the social and pedagogical challenges of implementing Québec's Ethics and Religious Culture program (ERC). This program advocates multi-religious instruction as a means toward social harmony at a time when people from differing religious cultures increasingly co-exist. In this context there is a crucial need for children to learn about the culture and religious beliefs of others. The distinct culture and religious history of Québec makes it a unique setting for such a program. The thesis examines the strained and complex feelings regarding religion that have pervaded Québec society since the Quiet Revolution. In the end the thesis … Lire la suite
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2013 — Experimental measurement of air-water capillary pressure curves at elevated temperaturesRésumé
A capillary pressure curves provides important information about the porous system such as porosity, breakthrough pressure, fluid–solid wettability and capillary hysteresis. The measurement of capillary pressure curves is one of the most commonly adopted methods of measuring wettability in a porous system. However, to date these measurements are done only at room temperature because of the limitations of utilising existing equipment at higher temperatures. The capillary behaviour of liquid in porous system can be a different when subjected to harsh condition such as high temperature and pressure. An experimental setup has been designed and developed to measure air-water capillary pressure … Lire la suite
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2013 — Wild edible plants (WEPs) and their contribution to food security: an analysis of household factors, access and policy in the semi-arid midlands of KenyaRésumé
Food insecurity and malnutrition are issues that affect approximately one in seven people worldwide and climate change threatens to increase those risks in the future. Many of the policies that address future food systems emphasize resilience - a combination of flexibility in the face of disturbance and the capacity to adapt to change. In Sub-Saharan Africa many households employ livelihood systems that are highly sensitive to change and cannot adapt well to changing environmental conditions, leaving them vulnerable and reliant on coping strategies. Wild edible plants (WEPs) are a particularly common and effective strategy for coping with food insecurity. This … Lire la suite
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2013 — Economic disparities and intensifying burden of neglected tropical diseasesRésumé
This thesis examines the interaction between economic disparities and the burden of neglected tropical diseases through a multi-layered study of international agreements, mostly the Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property (TRIPS), the health structure in developing countries and the manner in which intellectual property rights relate to the right to health in poor countries. By shedding light to this interaction, it will be demonstrated that small attention and resources is attributed to neglected tropical diseases. The predominance of the interests of affluent economic stakeholders over the reality of a substantial part of population of the world (either infected or at … Lire la suite
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2013 — Sites unseen and scenes unsighted: histories of feminist and queer alternative art spaces, ca. 1970-2012Résumé
On peut retracer l'histoire de l'art féministe, de l'art queer ainsi que de l'art queer et féministe en Amérique du Nord à travers une histoire des institutions, des organisations et des structures qui ont contribué à garantir et légitimer les pratiques d'art queer et féministe. Ma thèse offre une analyse historiographique queer et féministe des espaces d'art alternatifs, féministes et queer clés dans trois villes nord-américaines, de manière à affirmer leur portée historique tout en délimitant les façons par lesquelles l'histoire actuelle des pratiques queer et féministes du passé soutient ou remet en question l'optique du discours dominant à travers … Lire la suite
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2013 — Genetic analysis of «Pardosa» wolf spiders (Aranae: Lycosidae) across the northern NearcticRésumé
Buddle, Christopher (Internal/Supervisor) Lire la suite
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2013 — Constraining neutrino masses with gravitational lensing of the cosmic microwave backgroundRésumé
By deflecting photon trajectories, weak gravitational lensing shifts cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies. The power spectrum of the lensing deflection field carries significant information about structure formation.The growth of structure in the universe is affected by neutrinos, confirmed to have a non-zero total mass by the latest neutrino flavor oscillation experiments. Using statistical estimators of the deflection field, we have evaluated through a Fisher forecast the capacity of present and near future CMB experiments SPT-SZ, SPTpol and Planck to constrain cosmological parameters and the total neutrino mass. We find that including lensing information in the forecast allows the SPT-SZ, SPTpol … Lire la suite
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2013 — Localized metasomatism of Grenvillian marble leading to its melting, autoroute 5 near Old Chelsea, QuébecRésumé
Martin, Robert F. (Internal/Supervisor) Lire la suite
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2013 — Velocity-driven audio-haptic interaction with real-time digital acoustic modelsRésumé
Wanderley, Marcelo (Supervisor1) Lire la suite
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2013 — Water and nitrogen use efficiency of corn (Zea mays L.) under water table managementRésumé
Drainage and water table management are essential for crop production in humid regions. Water table management not only increases crop yield, but also reduces nitrate leaching to water bodies. This study investigated the water and nitrogen use efficiency of corn under two water management conditions and three nitrogen fertilizer levels. The sap flow heat balance method was used to measure the daily water uptake of corn, over an extended period of the growing season. The impacts of climate change on grain corn and biomass yield in eastern Canada under tile drained conditions was also evaluated over a 30 year future … Lire la suite
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2013 — Shotgun proteomic analysis of Clostridium acetobutylicum during butanol fermentationRésumé
La technologie de protéomique shotgun est un outil puissant de caractérisation au niveau moléculaire qui peut être utilisé pour l'investigation sur la situation globale d'un organisme. Cette thèse présente l'analyse protéomique shotgun du Clostridium acetobutylicum qui est capable de convertir les différents sucres présents dans la biomasse lignocellulosique en acétone, butanol et éthanol par fermentation. Dans la première étude, le glucose a été jugé le substrat préféré du C. acetobutylicum pour la production de butanol et l'analyse protéomique shotgun ultérieure a identifié plus de 400 protéines en utilisant l'approche protéomique shotgun basée sur une spectrométrie de masse de 6 étapes. … Lire la suite
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2013 — High-frequency characterization and applications of graphene devicesRésumé
Dans cette thèse, nous avons expérimentalement sondé les micro-ondes électrodynamiques de graphène de grande surface, plus particulièrement les mesures de graphène sans contact pour en extraire les propriétés de la matière et la mise en œuvre de dispositifs non-réciproques générateurs de micro-ondes. Notre objectif consiste à exploiter l'interaction entre le graphène et les ondes électromagnétiques dans le domaine des micro-ondes. En fabriquant un guide d'ondes de graphène coplanaire à large bande, nous établissons que le graphène possède une résistance de large bande constante comprise entre 17 Hz et 110 GHz. Ceci est attribuable à l'inductivité cinétique et à l'effet pelliculaire … Lire la suite
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2013 — Transcriptome based bioinformatic analysis of a unique ovarian cancer modelRésumé
Le cancer de l'ovaire est une maladie hétérogène et mortelle pour laquelle la compréhension des mécanismes biologiques ainsi que des thérapies efficaces manquent. Les efforts mis en œuvre pour caractériser la maladie sont entravés notamment par une disparité clinique et génétique des manifestations de la maladie, qui est elle-même définie par des critères histologiques. Le sous-type histologique séreux représente la majorité des cas et des décès dus à la maladie, et sera le sujet central de cette thèse. En se servant d'une série de lignées cellulaires de cancer de l'ovaire (OV-90neo, RH-5, RH-6 and RH-10), représentatives du sous-type séreux de … Lire la suite
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2013 — The endoplasmic reticulum through proteomics- Identifying the links between morphology and functionRésumé
La cellule eucaryote est constituée de plusieurs structures spécialisées dénommées organites qui contribuent à la démarcation des fonctions physiologiques de la cellule. L'un de ces organites, le réticulum endoplasmique (RE), est une structure continue qui provient de l'enveloppe nucléaire, devient le RE rugueux, et se termine avec le réseau réticulé RE lisse. Chaque division de l'organite est unique pour sa morphologie, ainsi que ses fonctions nombreuses et diverses. Dans cette thèse, une analyse d'une ressource protéomique révèle que les deux domaines du RE sont encore divisés en de nouvelles sections régionales et fonctionnelles. De plus, l'attribution de nouvelles protéines découvertes … Lire la suite
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2013 — The effect of surfactant on the biodegradation of plasticizersRésumé
Leask, Richard L. (Internal/Supervisor) Lire la suite
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2013 — The role of postsynaptic in developmental input elimination in the sympathetic nervous systemRésumé
Input elimination is a common developmental motif throughout the mammalian nervous system to establish precise innervation in mature circuits. Many studies show that this process is mediated by activity in developing circuits. It has been difficult to block postsynaptic activity in neuron-to-neuron systems because postsynaptic knockout phenotypes are lethal and kill the model animal before the period of input elimination. The sympathetic nervous system shows input elimination: neonatal ganglionic cells have many more pre-ganglionic inputs than adult ganglionic cells. A novel knockout mouse that survives for several months in good health and shows no fast synaptic transmission in sympathetic ganglia … Lire la suite
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2013 — The evolution of convective storms initiated by an isolated mountain rangeRésumé
Bien que beaucoup d'attention a été accordée à la compréhension des mécanismes d'initiation des tempêtes convectives sur un terrain montagneux, beaucoup moins a été mis sur les facteurs qui contrôlent leur évolution ultérieure. Ici, nous effectuons une enquête observationelle et numérique des tempêtes initiées par les montagnes Black Hills du South Dakota. Ces montagnes initient beaucoup de convection grace à leur accès à l'air humide et instable. L'application d'un algorithme suivant les pistes de 53 tempêtes initiés par les Black Hills a révélé trois types d'évolution: tempête de courte-piste, courte-durée; tempête de courte-piste, longue-durée; et tempête de longue-piste, longue-durée. Un … Lire la suite
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2013 — Dynamical and thermodynamical aspects of second- order relativistic hydrodynamicsRésumé
In this thesis we study second-order relativistic hydrodynamics particularly in the context of quantum field theory and AdS/CFT. The theory of hydrodynamics can be thought of as an effective theory in derivative expansion. At first order in derivatives, the result is the equations of motion generally known as the Navier-Stokes equations. But the relativistic Navier-Stokes equations are acausal and numerically unstable. The solution was to extend the derivative expansion to second order. With this generalization we can have more terms with independent coefficients. The main method to obtain information and formally define these viscosities is to derive a set of … Lire la suite
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2013 — ADB: a time-series database for dataflow programmingRésumé
In modern robotics systems, processing input is often the most complex and resource-intensive segment of computation. Today's sensors, especically video cameras, can produe very large data sets in very short periods of time, and it is often necessary to store this information for later processing. Unfortunately, today's database solutions are very ill-suited for a high write throughput scenario. Additionally, most of them have a very limited support for time values, which is often inadequate for precise scientific computations. This thesis attempts to formalize the problem of a time-series value storage and presents the implementation details to our proposed solution, the … Lire la suite
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2013 — Subcellular compartmentalization of Akt contributes to signaling intensityRésumé
Background: In the Current Model of Akt activation, a key event is its recruitment to the plasma membrane, where it is fully activated subsequent to sequential phosphorylation at positions Ser473 and Thr308. The distribution of Akt into various subcellular compartments may contribute to the different signaling pathways which it influences. There is evidence of compartment-specific regulators in plasma membrane (PM) and endosomes. Previous experiment in our laboratory showed that Akt achieved greater specific activity in PM compared to cytosol after insulin treatment. This raised the question whether Akt hyperactivity in PM is exclusively due to the high concentration in PM … Lire la suite
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2013 — Parallel vector fitting of systems characterised by measured or simulated dataRésumé
During the past decade, technology in the electronics industry has advanced considerably. The integrated circuits we are using today are becoming more and more complex. As a result, modeling those complex systems has become a difficult task. The vector fitting method is a very efficient tool for building a model based on measured or simulated data. However, for large scale systems, the vector fitting method runs slowly or even fails to converge at the end. One of the solutions to the problem is the parallel vector fitting which was introduced a few years ago. Recently, the parallel computing and cloud … Lire la suite
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2013 — Aluminum dust concentration effect on combustion in hydrocarbon bunsen flamesRésumé
Frost, David (Internal/Cosupervisor2) Lire la suite
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2013 — International trade and energy: possible contributions from outside the WTORésumé
This work aims to contribute to the debate about the relationship between International Trade Law and the Energy Sector and proposes a way ahead. Energy availability has become increasingly a crucial factor for the economic development of countries. Despite its importance, the International Trade System is not provided with specific rules addressing energy. Within other international regulatory frameworks - such as the Energy Charter Treaty and the European Union, among others – energy is addressed more specifically. This work suggests that the Energy Charter Treaty and the European Union can serve as templates or models for the GATT/WTO, should new … Lire la suite
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2013 — Islamic thought and revivalism in the Russian Empire: an intellectual Biography of Abū Nasr Qūrsāwī (1776-1812)Résumé
Abu Nasr Qursawi is a seminal figure in the history of the Muslim communities of the Russian Empire. Controversial in his own time, as well as posthumously, he came to be seen as an inspiration for Jadidism, the modernist Muslim reform movement in the Russian Empire in the early 20th century. During his lifetime, he was intimately involved in the most important debates within these Muslim communities regarding issues central to their religious and social self-conception as Muslims. This dissertation explores Qursawi's writings and thought in light of his socio-historical circumstances and within the context of the classical Islamic scholarly … Lire la suite
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2013 — Nonlinear optical signal processing and tunable optical delays in silicon-on-insulator waveguidesRésumé
The continued trend of increasing demand for large communications bandwidths is placing great strain on today's communications technology. This underlines the need for improving capacities and scalability of the existing as well as the future transmission systems. Investigating the capabilities of different modulation formats presents one way of addressing the matter. This thesis explores the optical time-division (de)multiplexing (OTDM) modulation scheme and provides a platform for building an all-optical signal processing system in silicon-on-insulator (SOI) relying on OTDM. It demonstrates successful OTDM demultiplexing and tunable optical delays both implemented in silicon nanoscale optical devices. OTDM demultiplexing is carried out by … Lire la suite
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2013 — Speech segmentation in adult French-English bilinguals: The role of prosodyRésumé
Les monolingues utilisent les indices prosodiques spécifiques à la langue afin de pouvoir extraire les mots du flot de la parole continue. Toutefois, on n'est pas encore parvenu à expliquer si et comment les bilingues réussissent cette tâche perceptuelle dans leurs deux langues. 41 adultes bilingues anglais-français ont entendu deux flots de parole continue, composés de syllabes dépourvues de sens: un flot était énoncé avec une prononciation anglophone, l'autre avec une prononciation francophone. Ensuite, les participants ont subi une tâche de récognition pour des séquences de syllabes. La dominance d'une langue et l'âge d'acquisition de la deuxième langue n'influençaient point … Lire la suite
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2013 — Willingness-to-pay for Mandibular two-implant overdentures: a societal perspectiveRésumé
Feine, Jocelyne (Internal/Supervisor) Lire la suite
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2013 — Labile organic nitrogen fractions: characteristics, dynamics and significance to soil nitrogen supply in agricultural soilsRésumé
La disponibilité à court terme de l'azote (N) dans les sols agricoles est essentiellement issue de la fraction labile du N organique. Une meilleure compréhension des processus de transformation de ces fractions est nécessaire pour connaitre leur rôle dans le cycle de l'azote et leur contribution relative à la minéralisation de N. Les objectifs de cette thèse étaient de (1) examiner, sous les conditions de champs, l'effet du précédent cultural (légumineuse vs non-légumineuse) sur la biomasse microbienne de l'azote (MBN), l'azote organique extrait à l'eau (WEON) et les fractions légère et particulaire de la matière organique (POMN, LFOMN) à travers … Lire la suite
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2013 — Electron beam lithography of a diffractive element for surface plasmon resonance sensingRésumé
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing is seen as a viable option for developing biological sensors that provide portable, real-time, integrated detection systems. Certain implementations of this sensing technique have already been commercialized, but there is a continued trend to provide systems that are ever-more compact and integrated. In accordance with this trend, previous work has designed a multi-channel SPR device which relies on diffractive lenses to couple light to and from its sensing spots. This thesis presents the development of a fabrication process for these lenses using electron beam lithography, and presents optical results from a prototype device. The fabrication … Lire la suite
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2013 — Visual tracking of computer numerical control machine for intelligent controllersRésumé
The purpose of this thesis is to determine the applicability of computer vision tracking as a source of feed-back in the development of an intelligent computer numerical (CNC) controller potentially capable of detecting problems and eventually correcting them. For this task, three types of visual tracking methods are quantitatively evaluated to determine which approach is more suited to the development of the visual tracker. Emphasis will also be placed on camera calibration.The three classes of visual methods chosen are a marker-based detector, a template matching algorithm, and a model-based tracker. From these, it is found that the marker-based detector is … Lire la suite
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2013 — The role of LAR RPTPs family Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases RPTP Sigma, RPTP Delta and RPTP Lar in mouse embryonic developmentRésumé
RPTP_Sigma, RPTP_Delta et RPTP_Lar sont trois membres de la famille des LAR_RPTPs. Ces membres partagent un patron d'expression dans différents tissus et des structures similaires. Malgré le fait qu'ils sont des acteurs important de différentes fonctions cellulaires, leur rôle dans le développement embryonnaire reste mal compris. Nos résultats montrent que RPTP_Sigma, RPTP_Delta et RPTP_Lar agissent de façon redondante dans le cœur et le foie. Les embryons triple mutants (SDLKO) commencent à présenter une létalité à partir E12.5 et un défaut dans la maturation des érythrocytes se traduisant par un délai d'énucléation des érythroblastes. De plus, ces embryons montrent un truncus … Lire la suite
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2013 — Stress generation and vulnerability in adolescents: a multi- site study in mainland ChinaRésumé
Early theories of the relationship between stress and distress typically assumed that individuals are passive respondents to their contexts; however, more recent models propose that people actively build their environments through their interactions and choices. Hammen (1991) provided early evidence for nonrandom exposure to stress. She found that depressed women reported higher levels of self-generated or dependent events, particularly dependent interpersonal events. Studies have since shown stress generation in adolescents, especially females. Recent research has revealed significant relationships between cognitive and personality vulnerabilities and stress generation. The majority of past research has been with Western samples; it is important, however, … Lire la suite
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2013 — Multi-muscle arm movements without planning: proposing a tunable, scalable and robust biomimetic controllerRésumé
The goal of this thesis is to explore a novel biomimetic control approach for goal-oriented reaching tasks. Specifically, it will demonstrate that a simple spinal-like regulator can exhibit complex behaviours for a variety of movement paradigms. A unique controller is designed based on interpretations of simplified reflex circuits. In addition, special attention is paid to the relationship between the central and spinal motor centers and how they affect the generation of movement commands. It has been observed during visually guided reaching tasks that tectal maps project gain related stimuli to the periphery which may aid in system modulation. By designing … Lire la suite
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2013 — Time resolved transmission electron microscopy: the structural dynamics of explosive crystallization in amorphous germaniumRésumé
The transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a powerful and flexible tool for the study of material structure. By incorporating a pump-probe approach in these instruments, the distinct advantages of the TEM can be exploited for the study of short lived (or rapidly time-evolving) processes in materials. This has recently been accomplished at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (USA), which houses a unique Dynamic Transmission Electron Microscope (DTEM). Here we demonstrate the application of this system to laser-induced crystallization dynamics in amorphous Germanium (a-Ge). During the complex process, the material undergoes several distinct modes of crystal growth that produce intricate microstructural patterns … Lire la suite
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2013 — Storm and stress:an investigation of adolescents'use of behavioral and cognitive emotion regulation strategies and their engagement in risky behavioursRésumé
The current study investigates the relationship between adolescents' use of adaptive and maladaptive behavioral (i.e., talking to a friend or bullying others) and cognitive (i.e., planning what can be done better the next time, or dwelling on one's thoughts and feelings) emotion regulation strategies following the experience of a negative event and their engagement in risky behaviors. Seventy-eight adolescents from six Montreal inner-city high schools completed the Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (REQ-2; Phillips & Power, 2007), the Cognitive Regulation of Emotions Questionnaire (CERQ; Garnefski, Kraaij, & Spinhoven, 2002), and the Risky Behaviors Questionnaire for Adolescents (RBQ-A; Auerbach, & Abela, 2008). … Lire la suite
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2013 — Relocating into long-term care from hospital: a comparison of two systemsRésumé
Transitioning into a long-term care home has been described as a difficult experience for both patients and families. This is particularly true of transitions from hospital where pressure to make immediate decisions is increased, choices are limited and policies resulting in multiple moves have been implemented. This study quantitatively analyzed hospital data in a Quebec based hospital prior to and following the implementation of a new policy requiring all patients deemed medically stable to be discharged to a temporary facility prior to their permanent relocation. More specifically secondary data analysis was used to explore (1) if patients' decisions to opt … Lire la suite
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2013 — "How to approach collaborations?" A Freirian journey honouring Cree relationships, skills, and valuesRésumé
Wood, Elizabeth J. (Supervisor2) Lire la suite