McGill University Thèses et mémoires par auteur commençant par Ç

Through an examination of the life and writings of the Egyptian Islamist Sayyid Qutb (1906-1966), this dissertation seeks to determine the conceptual bases of the Islamic movement in twentieth-century Egypt. It is argued that the central factor in the rise of islamically-oriented opposition to the elite order has been the gradual emergence in Egypt of the distinctively modern form of the nation-state. Specifically, the processes of Egyptian State formation are seen as responsible not only for the creation of conditions conducive to oppositional Islamism, but for engendering notions of national community and historical transformation which, through the processes of discursive …  Lire la suite

Changes in memory and the nature of the mnemonic trace are a source of never-ending interest, as well as of physiological importance, to the investigator. To date, no satisfactory solution has been provided as to exactly what occurs within the trace itself when increasing errors of memory are manifested with the passage of time. Traditionally there have been two opposing theories - one, supported by G. E. Müller, which maintains that forgetting consists principally of an increasing indefiniteness of the trace, and the other, originated by Wulf, who concluded, from studies pursued under Koffka’s direction, that the trace tends, not …  Lire la suite

The research aims to develop the use of ozone in nickel oxidation-precipitation from dilute solutions. The process presents three main steps: ozone transfer from gas to liquid, ozone decomposition by hydroxyl ions, and nickel oxidation-precipitation. Each step was studied using a semi-batch bubble reactor. For ozone gas-liquid transfer, a methodology to calculate the volumetric mass transfer coefficient ("kLa") was developed. Parameters evaluated included: diffuser porosity, volume of liquid and superficial gas velocity. To calculate the mass transfer coefficient ("kL") interfacial area ("a") is estimated from gas holdup and bubble size measurements. Ozone decomposition by OH" was examined as a function …  Lire la suite

Over-expression of the human GPI-linked carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) family members CEA and CEACAM6 is a common feature characteristic of about 70% of human cancers including colon, breast and lung. CEA and CEACAM6 belong to the CEA subfamily of cell surface intercellular adhesion molecules within the immunoglobulin superfamily. It has previously been demonstrated that its over-expression inhibits cellular differentiation, blocks cell polarization, distorts tissue architecture, and inhibits anoikis in vitro. Although our laboratory previously demonstrated the role of integrin alpha5beta1, the main receptor for the ECM component fibronectin, in the CEA-mediated inhibition of differentiation and anoikis in vitro, the molecular mechanism …  Lire la suite

The objective of the present thesis is to offer a new criterion for Bayesian sample size determination. This criterion is intended for situations where there is diversity of prior (pre-experiment) opinions. The new criteria ensure that the posterior densities derived from such diverse prior opinions are close to a pre-specified degree. We rigorously investigate the mathematical properties of these criteria and include closed form formulae for the sample sizes. Tables of sample size values and some examples from clinical trials are given.  Lire la suite

Cohen, M. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Optimum contours for internaI shapes in Newtonian hypersonic flow with constant and variable skin friction are obtained. Similarly, after extending the Newton-Busemann pressure formula to internaI flows, proper and absolute minimum pressure drag contours are calculated for slender and non-slender bodies respectively. Minimum drag slender bodies with swept contours in Newtonian flow are found when the capture area is specified. Using similarity laws it is shown that these contours are optimum regardless of the cross-section. A relation between slender and non-slender bodies is given, as well as one between two-dimensional flows with and without friction.  Lire la suite

La violence à l'école au Mexique est un sujet qui a reçu une grande importance au cours des dernières années. De même, elle a aussi été liée au contexte général de violence sociale dans lequel vit le pays et, par conséquent, à son environnement, diverses initiatives étatiques ont été mises en œuvre pour faire face à ce problème. Toutefois, on n'a pas beaucoup parlé de la pertinence de ces initiatives pour s'attaquer pleinement aux racines du problème.Grâce à cette recherche, je constate que les approches politiques de prévention de la violence ne sont pas pleinement cohérentes avec les facteurs structurels …  Lire la suite

Une large classe de modèles décrivant la physique au-delà du modèle standard de laphysique des particules prédit que des défauts topologiques, tels que les cordes cosmiques,apparaı̂tront durant une transition de phase au début de l’univers. Par conséquent, lesdonnées cosmologiques constituent un domaine important pour mettre à l’épreuve les ex-tensions du modèle standard de la physique des particules. Dans cette thèse, je montreraique la recherche de cordes cosmiques à l’aide du spectre de puissance de la température dufond diffus cosmologique permet de mettre la contrainte la plus robuste sur le paramètrequi caractérise les cordes cosmiques, c’est-à-dire leur tension. Étant donné que …  Lire la suite

Pumped storage hydropower (PSH) is a mature energy storage system having the benefits of low environmental impacts, while presenting a robust solution for integration of intermittent renewable energy generation. Comparative assessments of energy storage systems can be done using Life Cycle Assessments (LCA’s). The global warming potential (as CO2 eq g/kWh) attributed to 1kWh of renewable energy (intermittent wind and solar energy) stored in a pumped storage hydropower plant is assessed within the problem boundary of cradle to gate plus production. A 1000 MW pumped storage plant is selected to be representative of a possible design in Quebec (Bad Creek, …  Lire la suite

L’augmentation des phénomènes météorologiques extrêmes liés au changement climatique souligne l’importance de développer des cultures résistantes aux conditions climatiques rigoureuses. Comprendre la régulation de l’expression génétique chez les plantes en réponse à des conditions environnementales sévères est fondamental pour créer de nouveaux outils et stratégies visant à développer des cultures tolérantes. Dans cette thèse, nous comparons des espèces tolérantes au froid extrême à des espèces tempérées appartenant à deux familles de plantes, les Fabaceae et les Solanaceae, pour étudier les mécanismes moléculaires sous-jacents de la tolérance au froid chez les plantes. Cette thèse est composée de trois chapitres: 1) l’état …  Lire la suite

More studies are required in order to understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate the adaptations of arctic plants to extreme environments. The genus Oxytropis (Fabaceae) has been previously proposed as a source to investigate adaptation to extreme environments, and relevant evidence has already been found. Due to very slow growth rates of Oxytropis plants, limitations exist that prevent handling of the plants for research purposes. Therefore, the model plant Lotus japonicus (Fabaceae) has been proposed to be used as a bridge to characterize these findings in a more feasible way. In the present work, progress has been made to analyze …  Lire la suite

Cette étude a pour but d'étudier les limites de propagation de détonations dans de très petits diamètres de tubes. Dans cette recherche, des mélanges hautement dilués avec de l'argon (stables) et des mélanges non-dilués avec de l'argon (instables) sont utilisés. Pour le mélange hautement dilué avec de l'argon, dans lequel les instabilités ne sont pas très présentes et dans lequel l'atténuation de la propagation de la détonation est principalement causée par les pertes de chaleur à la parois, la limite de détonation qui a été obtenue expérimentalement est en accord avec celle obtenue théoriquement par la résolution des équations quasi-stationnaires …  Lire la suite

An experimental study of turbulent forced convection from the plates in the spatially-periodic fully-developed region of air flows in a straight rectangular duct fitted with interrupted-plate inserts is presented. These flows have features akin to those produced in the cores of offset-fin compact heat exchangers. A technique based on the lumped parameter analysis was proposed to determine average heat transfer coefficients on the surfaces of specially designed and instrumented test plates installed in the spatially-periodic fully-developed flow region. This technique was validated using complementary numerical simulations of unsteady three-dimensional heat conduction inside the plates. The results were obtained for Reynolds …  Lire la suite

This thesis is about attempted suicides and is based on open and in-depth interviews of 31 individuals who have attempted suicide once or several times. The phenomenon is presented through the concept of "career" and from the subject's point of view. Its first objective is to reconstruct the sequence of events that marks the experience of individuals who had decided to commit suicide but have failed in their project. This sequence starts with the decision to commit suicide, the choice of method, followed by the act itself; it is characterized by an interruption that triggers different forms of intervention: physical …  Lire la suite

L'asthme est une maladie des voies respiratoires causée par une combinaison de facteurs génétiques et environnementaux qui entraîne une réponse immunitaire inappropriée contre des antigènes bénins. Les TLRs (récepteurs ressemblant à Toll) sont des récepteurs qui reconnaissent des motifs dérivés de pathogènes qui forment des homo- ou hétérodimères se liant à des ligands spécifiques qui amènent à l'activation et la modulation de diverses réponses immunitaires. La présente étude a examiné l'effet du composé resiquimod, un ligand synthétique de TLR-7, dans le développement pathologique de l'asthme allergique dans des modèles animaux. Chez les souris sensibilisées avec l'ovalbumine, le traitement avec resiquimod …  Lire la suite

Spraggs, L. D. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Contexte: Les os adaptent leur forme et leur structure pour mieux résister à l'environnement mécanique. Cependant, les adaptations mécanobiologiques peuvent se retourner contre les personnes ayant une biomécanique anormale, comme les enfants atteints de paralysie cérébrale (PC). Un tonus musculaire et des mouvements anormaux dans la PC contribuent à un trouble musculo-squelettique progressif tel que des déformations des membres inférieurs. De nombreuses personnes atteintes de PC présentent également un dysfonctionnement orofacial, qui décrit la difficulté à contrôler la salive, la déglutition, la mastication et la parole. La littérature orofaciale en CP présente les connaissances sur les structures et les fonctions …  Lire la suite

In a collection of parasites sent to the Institute of Parasitology from Egypt by Dr. R. E. Kuntz and Mr. S. M. Malakatis from various genera of rodents were nematode parasites from 23 specimens of Arvicanthis niloticus (African striped mouse, spine rat, Kusu). Numerous subspecies of Arvicanthis niloticus have been reported from Arabia, Uganda, Abyssinia, Somaliland, Kenya, Tanganyika, East Congo, Asben, Gold Coast, Sierra Leone, Portuguese Guinea, South to North Rhodesia and Egypt. [...]  Lire la suite

The availability of accurately aligned, whole body, functional PET images has a significant impact on the diagnosis of malignant disease and on identifying and localizing metastasis. Gamma ray attenuation correction is essential in all quantitative PET studies. The object of this study was to explore the possibility of using beta-gamma coincidence as an attenuation correction technique in order to improve transmission scan image quality. This study consisted of testing and implementing a beta-gamma attenuation correction technique on an animal PET scanner. In its final form the system uses 68Ge sources enclosed in plastic scintillator cylinders coupled to PMTs. The detection …  Lire la suite

The object of the present investigation was, in part, to find more satisfactory methods for the preparation of organic disulphides, in particular for the preparation of the acid disulphides derived from the alkyl esters of di thio carbonic acid. There are described in the literature a number of methods for the preparation of organic disulphides of the acid type, but none of these can be applied to the preparation, in a pure state, of such disulphides as those obtainable by the oxidation of the higher aliphatic alkali xanthates, which, on account of their physical properties and unstable nature, cannot be …  Lire la suite

Barbour, H. (Supervisors)  Lire la suite

The first land that Columbus encountered, was in the west Indles in latitude 24 degrees north, an island which he christened San Salvador, which is generally identified with Watling Island of the Bahamas. From San Salvador he passed on to other islands of the same group and thenoe to Cuba, Tortuga. and Hayti. Returning to Spain in the spring of 1493, be set outagain in September of the same year, and steering more to the southward than on his first voyage, he sighted Dominica, the other island to the north, now known as the Leeward and Porto Rico, and after …  Lire la suite

The study of the weathering and slow combustion of coal together with the allied subject of spontaneous combustion has for many years been the object of the experiments of various investigators on both sides of the Atlantic. The reasons why these subjects have been given so much attention are well set forth in papers by Parr-Wheeler; J.B de Hart, and E.E. Billington, and need not be further commented upon here. Sufficit to say that they are of sufficient importance to warrant any amount of investigation, and that although a great deal of valuable work hae been done, especially in France …  Lire la suite

In this thesis, I present a study of how elementary students used spatial visualization while engaging in geometric tasks. In particular, I examined: (a) students’ visualization practices when engaging in spatial visualization tasks in geometry, (b) the difficulties students encountered when participating in such tasks, (c) the differences between early, middle and late elementary students in how they used spatial visualization when solving geometric tasks and (d) the embodied resources the students drew upon to engage in spatial visualization when solving the geometric tasks. This research used case study methodology. I interviewed six elementary students and video recorded the interviews. …  Lire la suite

The present paper is a report on a study of the terrestrial mammals occurring on the islands in the Gulf of St. Lawrence: Newfoundland, Anticosti, the Magdalens, Cape Breton Island and Prince Edward Island. The project was primarily undertaken in an attempt to obtain first-hand, up-to-date information on the mammalian faunas of the islands, which heretofore has been scanty and often inaccurate. [...]  Lire la suite

Le tube pollinique est une cellule végétale dont la croissance rapide présente des caractéristiques particulières que l'on ne peut assimiler qu'en associant biologie cellulaire et concepts de mécanique cellulaire. Premièrement, les variations temporelles, à intervalles réguliers, du taux de croissance sont régies par un mécanisme de rétroaction associé à la régulation des propriétés mécaniques de la paroi cellulaire apicale et des canaux ioniques mécano- sensibles. Les récents développements en analyse d'images ont permis de faire d'importants progrès dans la quantification de ce mécanisme. Deuxièmement, la croissance invasive du tube pollinique lui permet de pénétrer les tissus du pistil afin de …  Lire la suite

Dostie, Josee (Supervisor2)  Lire la suite

Idziak, Edmund S. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

This thesis, written as part of a multi-discipline research project, examines the social factors which influence the course of pulmonary tuberculosis. The study is based on the examination of 40 patients, who were undergoing treatment at three sanatoria serving the Montreal area in 1953-54.  Lire la suite

The cyanide process has for its object, the commercially profitable recovery of gold from its ores. This is accomplished by the solvent action of an alkaline cyanide solution on the precious metal. This process is complex and if the mechanism of the solution of gold is clearly understood today it is within very recent years that this understanding has been achieved. The variables in the cyanide process have been the subject of much research but there is one which has received less than its due share of attention: the oxygen content of the solution. Holmes (1) states that "it has …  Lire la suite

Canada is known throughout the world as one of the fortunate "Have" as contrasted with the less fortunate 'Have not' countries. This is accepted as meaning that, as a country, Canada has been richly endowed with a great variety of high grade mineral deposits. The statement 'Canada has unlimited mineral resources" is encountered time and again in periodicals and the daily press.  Lire la suite

Patients with allergic rhinitis exhibit an exaggerated nasal response to allergen, in large part a consequence of IgE-mediated inflammatory cell activation. IgE within the tissue is considered to derive from IgE-bound inflammatory and/or IgE+ plasma cells. Resting B lymphocytes and cells expressing IL-4 and IL-13, cytokines that induce B cells to undergo epsilon germline transcription and isotype switching to IgE, are present within allergic nasal mucosa. As such, it has been hypothesized here that local isotype switching to IgE may occur at this site. Probes to detect the epsilon germline transcript (Iepsilon RNA), a pre-requisite for isotype switch recombination, the …  Lire la suite

Arctic ecosystems are experiencing rapid environmental change and as a result, ecological processes are being altered and overall diversity is being threatened. The establishment of long-term ecological monitoring programs allows governments to track ecosystem changes in order to better adapt future conservation efforts. The overarching goal of this thesis is to field test protocols for monitoring arthropod communities in Cambridge Bay (Nunavut) using taxonomic and functional approaches and to provide recommendations on future ecological monitoring in the Canadian Arctic.Chapter 1 was a literature review and examined the key elements which contributed to the success of monitoring programs. Chapter 2 used …  Lire la suite

Judkins, B. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Fifteen Mile Stream gold district, Nova Scotia, is situated on a composite anticlinal dome. The folded rocks are the Goldenville formation of quartzites with interbedded slates, believed to be Pre-Cambrian in age. Interbedded quartz veins of saddle vein type occur in slates, along slate-quartzite contacts and rarely in the quartzites. Sections of these veins contain sufficient gold to constitute ore bodies. The dome has been truncated by erosion. The district has been sheared regionally and shows a well defined fracture pattern consisting of two sets of main shears with their accompanying fractures. The local fold structure did not control the …  Lire la suite

The importance of light in the existence of insect life has been known for many years but it is only within the last three decades that much progress has been made in the study of its effect. About 1890 the study of physiological effects of light was receiving considerable attention, but the apparatus and methods available at that time were soon exhausted, and, for about twenty-five years, the subject was almost forgotten. However, with the discovery of the effects of ultraviolet radiation in biology and the development of various sources of artificial light, together with the improvement of photometric methods, …  Lire la suite

This paper covers the external and part of the internal anatomy of Halictus lerouxi LeP., a small solitary bee found in large numbers in the fruit belt of Nova Sootia. The structures throughout are compared with those of the honey bee, and closely resemble them in most cases. The lacinia of the maxilla is apparently absent. The tentorium bears a pair of dorsal arms, and the anterior and posterior arms of the two sides are connected by a V-shaped lamella. The thorax consists of the usual three segments plus the first abdominal segment or propodeum. The abdomen consists of nine …  Lire la suite

The purpose of this study was to explore changes that occurred in physical education since the introduction of the New York State Standards in 1996 and ways teacher educators perceive related changes in both school and Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) programs. With the release of State and National Standards (NASPE, 1995), associated educational reform, assessment, and accountability have become important in physical education. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with six participants considered experts in state standards. Cote, Salmela, and Russell's (1995) guidelines were used to inductively analyze and interpret the qualitative data. The results of the analysis yielded three …  Lire la suite

The research project was initiated to refine the knowledge available on the treatment of rural municipal wastewater by constructed wetlands. Field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine the treatment capacity of a constructed wetland system and to determine a substrate that would be most efficient as a phosphorus adsorption filter. The wetland system consisted of three free-water surface cells, three blast furnace slag filters and a vegetated filter strip, treating municipal wastewater. Bimonthly water samples at the inlet and outlet of each component of the wetland system were analysed for biochemical oxygen demand, nitrate and nitrite, ammonia and ammonium, …  Lire la suite