Documents found
-
1092.More information
This article analyzes the literary rewriting of the oral tradition by poets writing in Portugese (Manuel Bandeira) and French (Édouard Glissant), starting with poems that have the carnival as their central theme: the carnival as a form of collective and snide resistance. The process requires a permanent restatement of principles: working over the meaning of a language (or languages) is more accessibly and more directly accomplished in an anthropophagous culture such as the Brazilian, while in a two-languaged culture, such as that of the Caribbean, the same undertaking is achieved in a more constrained and abstruse manner. Through this series of insights, the author tries to show the presence of a typology of American cultures springing from the regime of the plantations.
-
1093.More information
SummaryThe author describes and analyses the way the American Movie Industry has put down roots all over the world. He shows how the Americans, directly or through their branch companies, have succeeded in imposing their films everywhere and in controling by the most various means a good part of the national film industries in other countries. T. H. Guback does not limit his study to the economic dimension alone ; he also shows the great advantages which accrue to american foreign policy and commerce through the film. The author analyses more specifically how the Motion Picture Export Company (twin sister of the Motion Picture Association of America which has been called " the little State Department ") puts down roots on the african continent.
-
1094.More information
Building on an ethnographic research I carried out in the Italian region of Trentino and in Chile, this article examines the relation of Italian emigrants' grandchildren's born in Chile to their family origins. In particular, it examines how they absorb their family history and how they contribute to reshaping kinship relations within the transnational families in which they are embedded. This article shows that there is a close relationship between the transmission patterns of family history and family belonging and the processes by which emigrants' descendants appropriate them. It observes that while identifying with one's family history seems to be a generational process, transmitting a sense of family belonging and perpetuating kinship seems to be a gendered process. This article also analyzes how family relations are affected by emigrants' descendants “backwards mobility” to their ancestors' original country and how transnational families, which are a constellation of potential, often dormant relations, build on and are thrive thanks to their members' mobility.
Keywords: Blanchard, famille transnationale, migration, mobilité, appartenance, transmission, histoire familiale, Chili, Italie, Blanchard, transnational family, migration, mobility, belonging, transmission, family history, Chile, Italy, Blanchard, familia transnacional, migración, pertenencia, transmisión, historia familiar, Chile, Italia
-
1095.More information
SummaryToday, technologies are essential to the life and future of organizations. For example, they contribute to improving the quality of their services or to increasing productivity (Barlatier, 2016). Their emancipating virtue is even often evoked since technologies are sometimes brought to replace humans in certain tedious or low-valued tasks (e.g., Kleinpeter, 2015). At the same time, several studies highlight the internal difficulties encountered by organizations in their deployment projects (e.g., Jørgensen, 2014). These difficulties could be explained by a lack of consideration of users and/or by the deleterious effects sometimes observed following the deployment of technologies. To guarantee success, it seems necessary to think differently about these deployments by considering the potential changes likely to be caused by the technologies as opportunities and threats for its users and more broadly for the organization. With this in mind, the objective of this article is to present a support method that allows us to identify the obstacles and levers to deployment in order to remove the obstacles while relying on the levers. This method is based on the three steps proposed by Weick and Quinn (1999) to support the continuous changes that can be caused by the deployment of a new technology in an organization (freeze, rebalance and unfreeze). The method was tested in the Scoop project and the deployment of Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) at the Direction Interdépartementale des Routes Ouest (DIRO) in France. The first results of its implementation have shown its interest in identifying the levers and barriers to the deployment of these technologies and thus issue recommendations adapted to promote the integration of Scoop systems in DIRO's activities. Beyond the sole framework of the technological deployment, this coaching also allowed to identify opportunities for the organization to evolve.
Keywords: Changement organisationnel, Analyse de l'activité, Nouvelles technologies, Systèmes de transport intelligent (STI-C)
-
1096.More information
AbstractI present an ethnographic model that relates culture and development to the migration process that has brought Senegalese to Andalusia. I criticize the official “aid for development” position, and examine the role of migrants residing in the receiving country. I show how the Senegalese Mourides in city of Seville are involved in the development of a social organizational model focused on the holy city of Touba in Senegal. Then, I look at the role that the Mouride brotherhood plays in the development of Senegal. I suggest that it is the impossible to speak of the notions of society of origin and society of destination as two differentiated spaces in the daily reality of the Senegalese immigrants. This is rather a transnational migration defined by the constant transit of people as well as material and symbolic goods between the here (Seville) and the there (Senegal).
Keywords: Transnationalisme, développement, mouridisme, Sénégalais, immigration, Andalousie, transnationalism, development, Senegalese, mouridism, immigration, Andalucia
-
1098.More information
AbstractFor nearly 60 years, the nineteenth century colony of the Red River was mainly Franco-Métis. Born of marriages between French Canadian fur traders and Amerindian women, the Métis—or to use the Métis pronunciation “Mitchifs”—believed they were the “New Nation”. Yet, before the end of the century, they were becoming “Canada's forgotten people”. The creation of the Manitoba province in 1870, followed by their defeat at the Battle of Batoche against Canadian forces in 1885, and then the execution of their spiritual and political leader, Louis Riel, for high treason—these events had consequences which led to the dispersion of their communities and the re-identification of many individuals. They disappeared from the public scene until the 1960s, and after this period of “great silence”, they had experienced significant losses: How does a fragmented community, or a community that no longer dares to admit its heritage, hand down its oral tradition? Today, Métis artists are helping their own to celebrate what remains of their cultural core, but entire segments of the collective memory are missing. This article looks at a project aimed at giving back to the Métis community a small part of their heritage.
-
1099.
-
1100.More information
The article proposes an anthropology of gesture in a black American dance, the cake-walk. Retracing the way that the cake-walk was re-worked by French performers, our analysis emphasizes the specificity of French perceptions of the dance. The convergence of two scientific fields is noted in this specificity: psycho-pathology and the theory of evolution. Both were widely disseminated in the press in vulgarized form, and notions surrounding hysterical-epileptic movement and Darwinian regression were superimposed in almost every commentary on the rhythms and gestures of the cake-walk, thereby producing anxieties about contagion and degeneration.