Documents found
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761.More information
This article presents a first synthesis in French of numerous publications on Francoist musical propaganda between 1940 and 1960 published mostly in Spanish and English. The time frame chosen for this study allows us to look at the evolution of Francoist propaganda from the early 1940s to the late 1950s, as the regime shifted from promoting national unity based on the idea of a Hispanic identity deeply rooted in the country to projecting an image of peace and normality in Spain at an international level. By reviewing the political institutions responsible for the organization of propaganda in Spain and examining various cases in the musical sphere, this study attempts to shed light on three propaganda mechanisms, namely recovery, hijacking, and censorship, and the importance of the exercise of a power relationship in the implementation of propaganda.
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762.More information
Algeria played the role of mediator in the Tuareg conflicts of 1991, 2006 and 2012. The mediator has always managed to lead the parties to a peace agreement. However, it is necessary to note the resurgence of the armed conflict. This stalemate in the conflict raises questions about the willingness and strategies of the parties to regulate their conflict through mediation, but also the effectiveness over the long term of the model and methodological approach of the mediator. This study raised and addressed the following issues: what is the Algerian approach in the mediation of the Malian political conflict? Does this mediation approach work? This study is based on field research conducted mainly in Mali from September 2017 to September 2019 with key figures involved in the peace process. The study shows that regulating Mali's complex conflict requires a transformative mediation that, in addition to the political process, integrates the bottom-up approach. Such a process of mediation must be led by non-state actors, which can depoliticize the conflict and establish effective communication to reach solutions that are acceptable to all communities, including ethnic and religious minorities.
Keywords: Mali, médiation algérienne, médiation internationale, rébellion touarègue, médiation transformative, Mali, Algerian mediation, international mediation, Tuareg rebellion, transformative mediation
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763.More information
Violence is a major preoccupation in the school milieu and it is known to take different forms. Some forms, such as intimidation, bullying and physical aggression cause a great deal of worry and indignation. Other more subtle forms, such as put downs, contempt and rejection are more likely to go unnoticed. Moreover, little is known about the profiles of students who are victims and perpetrators of this violence. This article tries to shed more light on this subject, based on the results of a study done with 784 students in grades four to six, in six Québec City elementary schools. Apart from the relative importance of the different forms of violence, the data collected shows that boys, older students, and those who agree with the idea that violence is an acceptable behaviour, are among the students who adopt more violent behaviour. Boys and students who agree that violence is acceptable behaviour are also more often victimized. Students were grouped into four categories (peaceful, victims, intimidators and turbulent) to better define the characteristics of each type of student.
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764.More information
International law and norms of responsible behaviour play a central role in un-led processes on Developments in the Field of icts in the Context of International Security. The purpose of this article is therefore to analyse –and provide insights on– the place of international law in the context of the ungge and oewg, and to explain how international law is being instrumentalized in the present discussions. Firstly, it will explain the context in which these two processes were established and their respective mandates. Secondly, it will discuss the ambiguity –or even confusion– about the role of norms and international law in the regulation of cyberspace and the geopolitical motivations behind it.
Keywords: droit international, normes de comportement responsable, cybersécurité, téléinformatique, cyberespace, International law, Norms of responsible behavior, U , Cybersecurity, Cyberspace
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765.More information
Based on the Attraction / Selection / Attrition model (Schneider et al., 1995), this research aims to explore the interest for member-owned (or cooperative) banks of developing an employer brand and identifying its benefits (Ambler and Barrow, 1996) to better distinguish themselves from investor-owned banks on the job market. Interviews with 21 HR managers from Crédit Agricole (France) and Desjardins (Quebec) confirm that they perceive that their employer brand differs from that of investor-owned banks by symbolic, functional, and economic advantages. However, cooperative banks should formalize better these benefits in their employer brand and communicate them clearly to their employees and the job market.
Keywords: Coopératives, secteur financier, marque employeur, identité, attractivité, fidélisation, Cooperatives, member-owned banks, financial sector, employer brand, identity, attractiveness, retention, Cooperativas, sector financiero, marca del empleador, identidad, atractivo, lealtad
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766.More information
For some decades, Indigenous peoples of Mexico have used political marches as an extra-institutional political strategy of choice. Based on ethnographic data collected in the state of Guerrero, the present article situates these marches within the broader context of the traditional exchanges of religious pilgrimages between Indigenous communities. It also argues that the parallels between these two sets of phenomena should lead us to consider the political marches as being more complex than a simple exercise of political communication between the indigenous and the non-indigenous actors. The example of the Tlapanec community of Barranca Tigre shows that the debates surrounding the organisation of a march to the state capital in the summer of 2001 were linked to the religious pilgrimages in two significant ways. First, traditional religious mobility served as a backdrop for thinking of the political march and its instrumental value; secondly, because, as with any mobilisation of pilgrims outside the established ritual calendar, the organisation of a political march is an occasion to debate and evaluate the development of the community.
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767.More information
Since the mid-2010s, the term “empathy” has taken hold in the North American virtual reality industry. Some virtual reality authors claim they use these technologies to create empathy in their users. The commonly posed question is whether virtual reality is an empathy machine. The author believes that if there is empathy in virtual reality, it is tied more to the experience design and its spectatorial reception than to the immersive and interactive properties of the medium alone. With this article, the author proposes to think through the possible vectors of empathy in virtual reality and then to illustrate these arguments through an analysis of the work Homestay (2018) by Paisley Smith.
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770.More information
The influence of ethnology and related disciplines on the formation of Polish national identity and on the image of other groups can be divided into four periods: 1. From the end of the nineteenth century until World War One, a time when the Polish nation consisted of minority groups within three hostile states; 2. the period of the Second Republic — Poland as a nation state; 3. the period of the Socialist Republic of Poland — a state national in appearance; 4. the post-socialist period. The role played by ethnology and related disciplines in the creation of a national identity and of images of other ethnic and national groups has a considerable effect on the quality of academic research. The best work was produced during the second period, when the academy was actively and openly engaged in the consolidation of Polish identity. In the fourth period, Polish ethnology has not been directly involved in the consolidation of Polish national identity, already weakened during the third period. The author tries to explain this paradox, while also raising the issue of the relationship between ethnology, national identity, and the place of Poland in Europe.