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AbstractIn their situation of asymmetrical power relations in a neocolonial context, Aboriginal peoples did not have any control on the social and cultural studies concerning them, nor on the products and self image coming out from them. Amongst others, the Indian leader Vine Deloria has denounced these practices in his book Custer died for your sins. The current situation is quite different, even if not completely, and many Aboriginal groups and organizations now have more or less control over research activities in their communities. In certain cases, their intention is to be the sole owners of the knowledge so produced, in opposition to the sharing values at the core of their cultural traditions. In this paper, I give a few examples of knowledge (methodological and ethnographical) sharing between academic researchers and Aboriginal research assistants, acting as cultural brokers between the scientific community and their local Montagnais (or Innnu) and Atikamewk communities. The results of this collaboration have been very interesting in terms of data to support a comprehensive land claim and the formation of local leaders, but not in terms of their use for educational purposes. Experiences of this kind of collaboration, including those between Aboriginal and non Aboriginal academics, must be favoured to come out with a better sharing of knowledge and more benefits for the local communities.
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475.More information
This article offers an account of a new ethnoscience (1995) based on the need to avoid any form of ethnocentrism in the study of the performing arts and practices in their cultural, historical and social context. Ethnoscenology is placed in relation to ethnomusicology, performance studies, ethnodrama (Mars) and theatre anthropology (Barba). An exploratory definition is proposed, followed by a discussion of the notion of performative practice, derived from the neologism proposed by Jerzy Grotowski (1997) as a useful conceptual tool for elaborating a general scenology. Furthermore, the author argues that it is necessary to abandon one-dimensional strategies in research and to adopt a transdisciplinary perspective, which includes neuro- and cognitive sciences and fosters a dialogue between scientific experts and performers.
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