Documents found
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116011.More information
Some new technology-based firms (NTBFs) helped by the French Ministry in charge of Research have been very successful ; however, there is a huge heterogeneity in NTBFs growth trajectories.This research aims to explain these heterogeneous trajectories through the evolution of governance structure in these firms, such as the evolution of ownership or the evolution of relationships with capital investors. To conduct this study, we propose the use of an enlarged view of corporate governance based on both disciplinary and cognitive prisms. This integrative perspective is particularly suited to study in all its complexity the issue of corporate governance in the context of NTBFs. The results are based on interviews with sixteen entrepreneurs, in firms created between 1999 and 2013. They confirm entrepreneurs' broad vision about corporate governance and the necessary evolution of governance structure to support growth in NTBFs.
Keywords: Trajectoires de croissance, Startup, Gouvernance coercitive, Gouvernance cognitive, Parties prenantes, Growth trajectories, NTBF, Corporate governance, Disciplinary and cognitive view, Stakeholders, Trayectorias de crecimiento, Nuevas empresas, Gobernabilidad coercitiva, Gobernabilidad cognitiva, Partes interesadas
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116012.More information
Based on a multiple cases study, this article focuses on the suicide of SME owners-managers, a taboo topic that remains virtually unexplored by specialists in SME and entrepreneurship. More specifically, it attempts to understand the meaning and causes of the suicidal gesture among business leaders by mobilizing a double framework of analysis: the typology of suicide from sociologist Baechler (1975) and the stressors of entrepreneurial activity of Lechat and Torrès (2016a, 2016b, 2017). To this end, the paper suggests a novel methodological approach on the basis of secondary data on 25 concrete cases of suicide that occurred in France and Italy. The results highlight the predominant role of over-indebtedness in the root causes that lead managers to end their lives. However, not everyone experiences the situation in the same way, and therefore does not give the same meaning to their suicidal gesture. Thus, different types of suicides specific to SME owners-managers have been identified through Baechler's typology.
Keywords: Santé au travail, Suicide, Stress entrepreneurial, Surendettement, Dirigeants-propriétaires de PME, France, Italie, Occupational health, Suicide, Entrepreneurial stress, Over-indebtedness, SME owners-managers, France, Italy, Salud laboral, Suicidio, Estrés empresarial, Sobreendeudamiento, Dirigentes propietarios de PyME, Francia, Italia
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116013.More information
The Theatrephone, the telephone, the phonograph and the gramophone, all of them technologies based on the principle of blind listening, have each been used variously by radio, theatre, as well as cinema. Such amplified sounds are disincarnate, spectral presences. This form of listening is still found in contemporary plays when voices get severed from bodies and noises unhinged from objects. One finds it in the plays of Maurice Maeterlinck (The Blind, Intruder, Interior, The Death of the Tintagiles), Samuel Beckett (The Last Tape, Eh Joe, Not I, Rockaby, Embers), Carlo Emilio Gadda (Eros e Priapo, San Giorgio in Casa Brocchi), Ibsen (En Folkefiende, Gengangere, Bygmester Solness, Når vi døde vågner), Jean Tardieu (Une voix sans personne), Marguerite Duras (L'Amante anglaise, India Song, Savannah Bay) and several others. This article offers suggestions for developing an archaeology of mise-en-scene regarding this form of listening by examining a few devices in use at the end of the 19th century, a period rich in technological innovations.
Keywords: écoute aveugle, théâtre, cinéma, radio, disque, bande magnétique, archives théâtre, Maurice Materlinck, Blind Listening, Sound, Theater, Cinema, Radio, Maurice Materlinck
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116015.More information
SummaryHow is it that Marcel Mauss, Durkheim's nephew but above all his spiritual and institutional heir, is hardly ever mentioned in the standard histories of sociological thought whereas, like Simmel with whom he has so much in common, he should be ranked among the greatest? Probably because his horror of the spirit of systems and abstractions prevented him from explaining his theoretical and epistemological stands. This paper sets out to reveal them and to show how, by closely linking the discovery of the gift (the triple obligation of giving-receiving and returning) and that of the power of symbolism, the outlines of a third paradigm are traced, the only one to avoid the respective impasses of holism and methodological individualism.
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116016.More information
The restructuring of Tunisian and Moroccan educational systems following the decolonization led to a dualistic system : on one hand, the neglected state education and on the other hand, a highly elitist public or private education for the ruling class of both countries. At the end of this elitist education in Tunisia or Morocco, one of the best ways for pursuing academic studies is the training given in France by the preparatory classes for entrance to the Grandes Ecoles. Two years of preparatory classes allow entrance to these Grande Ecoles by competitive examination. The presented study is the outcome of a research held in a Parisian boarding school, which welcomes young North African women in preparatory classes. The study emphasizes how the students gender is interlinked with their social class. The objective is to explore to what extent those studying orientations, driven by the strategies of the family, are modified or not by the students gender and the one of the relatives who have influenced them.
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116017.More information
With the slogan “Your digital work space is moving into a new era!”, project 1142, entitled “Individual Repertory Service and Sharing of Files” of the University of Montreal, was launched on April 4, 2017. It was established by the Information Technologies division and undertaken in collaboration with the Records Management and Archives Division (DGDA) of the University, with a double aim: on the one hand, to offer convivial new and efficient digital work spaces to personnel (the DocUM unit and the user space OneDrive Enterprise) and, on the other hand, to structure the DocUM unit space with the objective of facilitating management by means of the Official Classification System. This article discusses the different stages in the realization of the project and the numerous challenges that had to be overcome to discover solutions to the problems related to the management of unstructured University of Montreal data.
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116019.More information
AbstractThe new economic policy in Senegal aims to increase income of the poor and reduce its incidence. Poverty reduction strategy will be implemented in the context of trade liberalization in the agricultural sector. In the paper we develop a microsimulation computable general equilibrium model to analyze the distributional impact of economic reforms. This approach offers a good framework to link economic policies with poverty and inequality indices. Our results reveal negative impact of increases in world prices of agricultural imports. Policies targeting an increase in the productivity of farmers favor urban households over rural households. The results obtained from our model proposed herein reveal the importance of incidence analysis when policy makers design targeting policies.
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116020.More information
Keywords: éveil à la lecture et l’écriture, vocabulaire, compréhension orale, engagement envers la lecture, processus inférentiels, service de garde en milieu scolaire, développement global