Documents found
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1022.More information
AbstractThe Malecite First Nation of Viger is the 11th First Nation recognized in Quebec and the only one whose members live entirely as a diaspora. The Nation faces important challenges including communication with members and heightening their sense of belonging, developing local partnerships and re-establishing its members in a common place for the fragmented community they form. Since its official reestablishment in 1987, this community has worked persistently to reaffirm its identity, in particular through a land claims process in Québec's Bas-Saint-Laurent region. This article explores issues of identity and territoriality for the Malecites of Viger with particular emphasis on how Malecite identity is shaped and maintained and the steps taken to advance the Nation's social and territory-based project in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region, in collaboration with federal, provincial and regional bodies.
Keywords: Première Nation, Malécite, identité, territorialité, diaspora, First Nation, Malecite, identity, territoriality, diaspora, Primera Nación, Malecite, identidad, territorialidad, diáspora
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1023.More information
Far from being an epiphenomenon on a global scale, separatist and autonomist movements existing at the very heart of archipelagos concern at least 20 multi-insular states and territories across the world. These movements are nevertheless motivated by numerous factors and take action in many different ways. Following a typology based on significant examples, we propose some initial elements of analysis and explanation, thereby better highlighting the contours of separatist aspirations, which seem to be amplified in archipelagos by the fragmentation and discontinuity of the territories themselves.
Keywords: multi-insularité, séparatisme, autonomie, typologie, multi-insularity, separatism, autonomy, typology
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1024.More information
The authors comment on the capacity of the law to resolve problems concerning public participation in energy questions. Problems of clarity of language and consensus about objects arise in most public debates about energy. Although a particular public participation exercise may be intended to treat issues related to one policy level, questions invariably arise concerning other policy levels, be they strategic or operational. Ideally, the timing of public debate should be determined in function of the ends such debates are expected to serve, but this is difficult because of the diverse functions to be served by participation. As well, the exercise is less clear because of problems of access to and manipulation of information. Nevertheless, impartial decision-making is still perceived as leading to the best results, although the inherent limits of public participation are recognized. In the final analysis, the problems posed by public participation are not ones the law, which is contentious in orientation, can remedy.
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1027.More information
AbstractThe aim of this article is to investigate the way the marine sea space has gradually been appropriated by man throughout history, with specific reference to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The evolutionary basin of the Amerindian people, the theatre of English and French rivalries as well as an international halieutic cohabitation space, the Gulf of St. Lawrence became a test of Canada's resolve during the latter years of the 20th century to eject foreign fishing fleets from its adjacent marine waters. This action is now virtually at an end. Issues directly related to the Gulf have been reshaped in two ways. The discovery of hydrocarbon deposits paves the way for potential economic diversification. The result is that this new situation not only eliminates the international slant of litigation but also challenges the complexity of institutional relations under Canadian federalism – between Ottawa and the provinces adjacent to the Gulf on the one hand and these same provinces on the other.
Keywords: Appropriation de l'espace marin, golfe du Saint-Laurent, fédéralisme canadien, pêche, hydrocarbures, Sea appropriation, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canadian federalism, Fisheries, Hydrocarbons, Apropiación del espacio marino, golfo del rio San Lorenzo, federalismo canadiense, pesca, hidrocarburos
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1028.More information
Piarres Detcheverry's pilot book, written in Basque and published in Bayonne in 1677, contains descriptions of the point of the Gaspé Peninsula and especially Chaleur Bay. Examination of these passages, accompanied by their French translation, shows an original portrait of the Basque presence in these regions. The specific conjuncture of the Basque fisheries in New France during the second half of the 17th century forms the pilot book's historical context. The work also contains clues to the relation between the Basque and Native communities, based on a primarily Mi'kmaq toponymy of the locations where the Basques were established. We may ask why French sources have not shed more light on this Basque presence and we suggest that, in a context where describing the Other legitimised their presence, the Spanish nationality of many of these fishing crews underlies their faint visibility in colonial archives.
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1030.