Documents found
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162.More information
The language policy of India, a multilingual state par excellence, is intended to be inclusive, right down to the most minority languages, with a multidirectional application of administrative translation protected by law. In reality, this policy is hierarchical. It gives pride of place to Hindi among regional languages, and is not applied to many minorities. This is reflected in the public/private initiatives that have been developing digital localization technologies for vernacular languages at a rapid pace since 2020. The combination of translation is most often from English to other languages in a recurring order (Hindi, then the first seven regional languages, then the other listed languages), indicating the pre-eminence of English and the symbolic place of other languages in this hierarchy. This emphasis on mastery of the languages “at the top” of the pyramid does not encourage the development of translation into minority languages, or even between “listed languages” other than Hindi. What’s more, the current translation policy does not precisely define the criteria for its implementation. Moreover, for almost 10 years now, India has been banking on the development of its economy through digital technology. Non-English-speaking Internet users represent a gigantic market for the private sector, as well as a pool of skills, provided they can access the knowledge hitherto dispensed in English. This development towards Indian languages also reflects the nationalist ideology advocated by the current government. The example of the dissemination of information during the COVID-19 pandemic shows, however, that the languages of the most vulnerable minorities were not taken into account. And yet, new information technologies, particularly AI, can become allies in preserving and translating minority languages.
Keywords: politique linguistique, language policy, South Asia, Asie du Sud, numérique, digitization, traduction, translation, low-resource language, langues peu dotées
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163.More information
In a context where the integration of AI into organizations’ processes, products and services is becoming crucial, we carried out a study focused on the development of AI project management skillsand noted the growing importance of soft skills. As these skills are traditionally acquired in a collective work environment, our aim was to capture the collaborative versus individual dimensions in the development of these skills from the point of view of AI project managers. Our text deals with the process of developing a skills repository, co-constructed with experts in the field, as well as the analyses that emerged from this process in terms of the skills required and how these skills are acquired for the development of professional identity. This repository aims to guide training institutions’’ AI management training strategiesso that they can design training adapted to the reality of the workplace, including collaborative learning needs.
Keywords: desarrollo de competencias, développement de compétences, competency development, identidad profesional, identité professionnelle, professional identity, intelligence artificielle, artificial intelligence, inteligencia artificial, training, formación, formation, professional development, desarrollo profesional, développement professionnel
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164.More information
This article presents the results of exploratory research on social and solidarity economy ecosystems. In the discussion section, it introduces a reflective analysis addressing four questions inspired by the advances and learnings emerging from the consulted documents. Finally, it lays the groundwork for a research agenda on the concept of ecosystem in resonance with the transformations currently observed both at the geopolitical level and in terms of the current situation.
Keywords: écosystèmes d’économie sociale et solidaire, social and solidarity economy ecosystems, écosystèmes d’entreprises innovantes, innovative business ecosystems, relational ontology, ontologie relationnelle, programme de recherche, research agenda, social and ecological transition, transition sociale et écologique
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166.More information
This article expounds the competencies that are essential for managing artificial intelligence (AI) in organizations, with emphasis on ethics, but also including the issues from a managerial, technical, human, inclusive and responsible point of view. In the context of change associated with digital transformation, organizations that are digitizing, by integrating AI, need to identify the ethical issues and the associated required competencies to manage AI projects. The issues related to the development and management of AI projects are complex and different from those related to traditional IT project management. This complexity raises ethical, legal and social responsibility questions regarding AI, from an equity, diversity and inclusion perspective. These will have implications for the competencies expected of AI project managers in the future. Our research aimed to identify these competency issues and describe them, which is done through interviews and focus groups with experts from the AI community, in the broader context of a research on AI management. This article focuses primarily on the ethical issues emerging from our review of written works and meetings with AI experts, and their resonance in the Quebec AI ecosystem. We therefore here focus on questions of ethics, labour market transformation, governance and social responsibility. This article is organized in seven parts: introduction, issues, literature review, methodology, results, discussion and conclusion. The current challenges of AI in Quebec are given in terms of ethical management of innovative technologies, as well as the transformation of labour markets associated with AI. These key issues were identified in our 25 research interviews and three focus groups. In conclusion is a set of recommendations to promote change while considering ethical issues linked to turning towards AI.
Keywords: Gouvernance et éthique de l’IA, compétence en éthique, EDI (équité, diversité et inclusion), gestion de l’IA, écosystème québécois d’IA