Documents found
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3531.More information
Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) are likely to transform the work of professionals (i.e. caregivers, lawyers, teachers, social workers). This scoping review is part of a collaboration between union and research circles to identify the applications, uses and issues of AI that are documented in connection with the work of professionals. The results show that AI is very present in fields such as health, administration, law and education. Its purposes are multiple: from data archiving to decision-making, including word processing, interactions, recognition or simulation. AI could develop in many professions and create major cross-disciplinary issues, in particular around areas of competency, jobs, ethics and the functioning of organizations. Issues more specific to each profession are also identifiable. These results enable to propose a multidisciplinary discussion of these issues by dealing with ethics in the problems of consent to AI, the technological duality of AI, the role of a union in relation to AI and the computational challenge of AI explainability.
Keywords: Applications IA, éthique, ressources humaines, syndicat, informatique, étude de portée
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3532.More information
Keywords: vocabulaire, éducation préscolaire, enseignement direct, sensibilité lexicale, recherche collaborative
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3533.More information
This article examines how learning analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), and blockchain technology are transforming the personalization of education. By exploring recent literature, it identifies the contributions and challenges of these technologies to enhancing educational pathways. The analysis suggests that the integration of these technologies offers unique opportunities for learning personalization, while raising important questions about security, privacy, and equity. The convergence of AI, learning analytics, and blockchain technology promises a revolution in the way education is delivered and received, allowing for precise adaptation to each learner's profile. However, this technological integration requires deep reflection on ethical and regulatory frameworks to ensure that education personalization benefits everyone, without compromising data security or exacerbating inequalities. The article advocates for close collaboration between technological developers, educators, and policymakers to address these challenges and fully exploit the potential of these emerging technologies in education.
Keywords: analytique de l'apprentissage, learning analytics, analítica del aprendizaje, análise de aprendizagem, intelligence artificielle, artificial intelligence, inteligencia artificial, inteligência artificial, blockchain, personalización de la educación, blockchain, chaîne de blocs, personalização da educação, ética en la educación, education personalization, personnalisation de l'éducation, ética na educação, acceso equitativo a la educación, ethics in education, éthique dans l'éducation, aprendizaje adaptativo, acesso equitativo à educação, apprentissage adaptatif, equitable access to education, aprendizagem adaptativa, cadena de bloques, adaptive learning, accès équitable à l'éducation
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3534.More information
Teacher shortage is an international issue that does not spare Quebec (Desmeules et Hamel, 2017; Mukamurera et al., 2023; Portelance et al., 2008; Létourneau, 2014). Quality continuing education is one of the ways to retain and attract teachersbecause it equips them for the new realities of their profession and fosters their professional commitment (Homsy et al., 2019; OCDE, 2018). The current situation has a direct impact on the quality of teaching and the future of students. This leads us to question the solutions to be considered to promote the attraction and retention of teaching staff and the documented issues that link the shortage of teaching staff to the training that is currently on offer. The aim of this literature review is to examine how the development of teaching skills can contribute to improving the attraction and retention of teaching staff in Quebec. The analysis of existing work has led us to explore a new angle that could be useful both in Quebec and internationally: the integration of concepts from educational technology as courses of action to support the implementation of a professional development approach.
Keywords: formation continue, continuing education, formación continua, formação em serviço, pénurie du personnel enseignant, teacher shortage, escasez de profesores, escassez de professores, desenvolvimento profissional, desarrollo profesional, professional development, développement professionnel, compromiso profesional, professional commitment, engagement professionnel, empenho profissional
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3535.More information
If researchers and teachers generally agree on the complementarity of storytelling and writing, the question of knowing precisely how the teaching of spoken language abilities contributes to improving writing abilities remains unanswered. We conducted a systematic literature review to determine the key links between storytelling and writing stories in primary school.The analysis of nine texts retrieved from the review in two French-speaking and five English-speaking databases reveals that, even though storytelling is not given much attention in class, oral narrative skills serve as a predictor of written narrative skills. Our findings also show that storytelling teaching has the most significant effects on the “grammar” of written stories.
Keywords: writing, oral, écrit, narratives, narration, predictive effect, effet prédictif, primary school, storytelling, école primaire, récit
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3536.More information
Artificial Intelligence (AI) has gained exceptional public and media coverage since the launch of the ChatGPT platform, a generative conversational intelligence, in November 2022. Nevertheless, AI is already an integral part of our digital daily lives, as we navigate through social networks, use our GPS, or consult recommendations on e-commerce websites. Due to its pervasive influence across all sectors of our societies, AI is gradually becoming a pivotal subject in terms of regulation, societal direction, and legislation. As early as 2021, UNESCO published a report presenting avenues for ethical considerations in AI. In June 2023, the European Union also established a regulatory framework outlining requirements and obligations for AI usage. As a digital manifestation and given the "new ways in which its use influences human thinking, interaction and decision-making and affects education, human, social and natural sciences, culture, and communication and information" (UNESCO. General Conference, 41st, 2021), public libraries have a role to play in enabling residents within their communities to grasp this technology. Their role is all the more significant as AI generates concerns and distrust (Gillath et al., 2021) among populations when "libraries also continue to enjoy a high level of trust and appreciation in most of their communities" (Arlitsch \& Newell, 2017). Understanding AI thus constitutes a new cornerstone for accessing the necessary information to advance sustainable development, as outlined in the Lyon Declaration (2014). Moreover, comprehension of AI aligns with the ethical concerns articulated by UNESCO in terms of explainability and transparency and aligns with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda. These goals include quality education (4), industry, innovation and infrastructure (9), reduced inequalities (10), sustainable cities and communities (11), as well as responsible consumption and production (12). The role of public libraries in advancing the goals of the 2030 Agenda is beyond dispute (IFLA, 2016), and various digital literacies are already integral to their actions. As AI is predominantly developed by global economic giants and permeates all of our practices, "Shouldn’t [libraries] be the bastions of information literacy and information privacy in an AI world?" (Cox et al., 2018). Thus, to what extent can public libraries take on this subject to promote and offer relevant literacy? For this study, we will conduct a cross-analysis among three European countries—Spain, France, and Italy—to provide insights into the diverse ways in which AI influences professional practices. Through a literature review and semi-structured interviews, the objective is to delineate the challenges of Artificial Intelligence within the framework of the Agenda 2030 program. Subsequently, we will delve into the specificity of AI Literacy in comparison to Information Literacy, a practice already adopted by libraries. Finally, we will analyze the current and prospective role of AI in libraries to propose avenues for implementing concrete actions.
Keywords: Public Library, Artificial Intelligence, Information Literacy, Sustainable Development, Algorithmic Literacy, AI Literacy
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3537.More information
Canada resettled over 74,000 Syrian refugees since 2015. However, education programs lack awareness needed to successfully promote refugee academic integration. Little research focuses on young adult refugees (YARs) aged out of traditional schools due to asylum displacement and disrupted education, left with adult education schools as their only alternative to complete high school. Drawing upon 29 semi-structured interviews with Syrian YARs in Montreal, findings suggest that this subgroup is unintentionally excluded by educational policy-makers. Although YARs are survivors, their drive was found to be insufficient when confronted with systemic barriers that prevent at-risk students from proceeding smoothly through school to reach their highest potential.
Keywords: Syrian young adult refugees, academic integration, systemic barriers, adult education, educational fairness and inclusion, social justice
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3540.More information
This essay stages an encounter between surveillance studies and the sociology of price and price formation. I argue that surveillance is integral to the calculative operations of retail price strategies, especially during periods of high inflation, and that these calculative operations hinge on the human infrastructure of a precarious data-collecting workforce. I present my argument through a case study of competitor price monitoring, a corporate surveillance practice in which commercial actors record, process, and transmit information on competitors’ pricing, inventory, and display strategies. While pricing intelligence services like web-scraping and dynamic pricing algorithms are typically applied in e-commerce settings, I focus here on a firm that specializes in the collection of brick-and-mortar retail price data, with special attention to the labor practices involved in the manual (in-person, device-aided) production of retail price information at the national-industrial scale. Building on auto-ethnographic observations as a price data collector as well as analysis of employee reviews of the firm on sites like Indeed and Glassdoor, I argue that surveillance studies can contribute in significant ways to our understanding of the material practices, and politics, of price and price formation.
Keywords: calculating price, intelligence services, price data collector, Indeed, Glassdoor