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In this paper we focus on the integration of online learning in Moroccan education system. We propose a solution based on blended learning, which combines the best elements of online and face to face learning. We focus on the problem of Internet unavailability among learners who want to take online courses. We propose a solution allowing learners to complete their learning in a platform installed locally (offline) and to communicate with the platform online when the connection becomes available.

Keywords: Apprentissage mixte, formation en ligne, hors ligne, plateforme, Maroc, Blended learning, online learning, offline, platform, Morocco

This article reports on the use of the WhatsApp social network in a context marked by the COVID-19 pandemic. In the face of the challenge of pedagogical continuity, it seeks to verify whether this application has ensured online teaching and learning during the closure of schools. The digital traces to be analyzed were collected from two WhatsApp groups, one from the Jean-Paul II International University, and the other from the Royal Baboutcha-Nintcheu University Institute, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants. The content analysis that we applied to this data reveals WhatsApp as a remote learning device that facilitates the completion of educational tasks. Moreover, this health crisis reflects the organizational, structural and technological deficits that still characterize our universities; hence the urgency to rethink schools in the digital age.

Keywords: COVID-19, communauté virtuelle, coronavirus, échanges, WhatsApp, COVID-19, virtual community, coronavirus, exchanges, WhatsApp

Academic librarians most deal with many imperatives to offer information literacy training. The purpose of this article is to share our experience of working as a cross-sectoral team composed of faculty members, librarians, and digital pedagogy and multimedia integration specialists. By using our diverse expertise, we co-created an information literacy training program for masters students in management. This innovative project developed at the Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM) was officially launched in January 2022. Students accepted to the masters in management will be required to successfully complete this program, which will introduce them to digital and information literacies on the one hand, and to different principles related to scholarly communication and academic integrity on the other. The steps that led to the initiation of this project as well as challenges encountered until its completion will be detailed.  This experience could inspire other educational institutions, but our main goal is to show the importance of cross-sectoral work in helping students achieve academic success. We are convinced that many of the concepts presented in the training program are cross-curricular, that they go beyond mastering strict technical competencies required for learning and that they lay the foundation for a better understanding of the digital world in which students evolve. Although not directly part of the Quebec Ministry of Education and Higher Education's Digital Action Plan (2018), initiatives such as the one led by the the team at UQAM are nonetheless consistent with several of its orientations, including the first, which is to support the development of digital skills in young people and adults so that they can be better informed citizens and professionals.

Keywords: Information literacy, Compétences informationnelles, cross-sectoral collaboration, collaboration intersectorielle, asynchronous self-supporting training, formation autoportante asynchrone

As a local government, cities are at the heart of the process of urban and social innovation. In 2016, to achieve continuous improvement of services to citizens, the City of Gatineau innovated by launching a Web and mobile application called Infoterritoire. This tool, a first in Quebec, enables to produce maps, tables and graphs from reliable statistical and geomatic data. Infoterritoire is particularly useful for employees, community organizations, business people, educational institutions and researchers who want to analyze urban phenomena using socio-demographic data. In this article, we will attempt to show how Infoterritoire is useful as a tool for social innovation, education and democratization of urban mapping, in spite of a pandemic, which requires cities to adapt and changes significantly the lifestyles of citizens worldwide.

In spite of the fact that women have made giant steps in many different fields for the recognition of their equality, genealogy and family history, leisure activities increasing in popularity, remain paradoxically domains submitted to a patriarchal theory and practice. The main reason being the constant orientation on the patronymics inherited from the father figure. Thereby women have no ancestry of their own. This situation perpetuates the non-recognition of the women's importance as mothers by keeping them invisible. This text suggests a feminist critique of the situation, focussing on transmission of family name since the revision of the Civil code of Québec in 1981. Starting from this analysis, I suggest to bring to life the other half of the world of uterine lineage by its uterine pioneer, as well as the uterine ancestry, all of this with the aim of putting as much emphasis on women as on men in genealogy and family history. Few paths within feminist research are suggested to bring this claim forward.

An analysis of the informal water service of a spontaneous dwelling district in the periphery of Yaounde (EBA'A) was carried out. The work was to identify the features of the service, the difficulties encountered by its users, the main factors used to measure satisfaction of the clientele, and to define the perspectives for improvement of this service. In order to achieve this, a survey was carried out in the district on a representative sample of the population, together with field observations. Analysis revealed that the local water services depend on independent sources that are considerably far from the consumers. This type of service seems to be inconvenient for the households of EBA'A, more because of supply than the cost of the service. That's why, by way of improvement, the households would like a drinking water source that is nearby and permanent, even if the cost is high. However, there is a break-even point of $2.10•m-3. In this case, a delay of payment of the invoices of at least ten days, with interruptions of service not exceeding three days, would be acceptable for these households. Non-conventional drinking water services would be acceptable alternatives to access potable water in spontaneous districts, if they were near, permanent and at acceptable cost.

Keywords: eau potable, service d'eau, gestion pérenne, prix de l'eau, habitat spontané, échantillonnage, drinking water, water services, durable management, cost of water, spontaneous dwelling, sampling

AbstractBy planning to digitalize our heritage, technical projects modify the conditions of perpetuity of cultural objects. What about the conservation of the forms in which those objects can be perpetuated ? Can the text, as we know it, survive as a prevalent way of conserving and legitimizing a culture that is supposed to turn digital ? Beyond the seductive formula of “ Hypertext ” (both contrary and superlative of text) the point is the nature of informatic textuality and, in fact, the definition we adopt for the text itself.

AbstractThe study of the physical-chemical characteristics of groundwater of the Mzamza community, subjected to domestic and industrial wastes from Settat City (Morocco) via the Boummoussa river, shows that the quality of water of the various wells is variable and depends on a certain number of factors such as the location of the wells in relation to waste water and agricultural activity. The interpretation of analyzed data, the correlation between waste water and well water, and the distribution of groundwater sites into groups was carried out using Normalized Principal Components Analysis. The study revealed several sources of groundwater contamination, namely, the contamination by organic matter due primarily to the infiltration of waste waters used for irrigation, and the return of irrigation water (loaded with nitrate fertilizers), which is regarded as being the principal source of dissolved solids and inorganic nitrogen in the groundwater. Several factors influence the progression of this pollution: the concentrations of the pollutants in the waste waters, the nature of the soil, the lithology, the permeability of the aquifer in use and the depth of the water table. The results achieved in this study also revealed the paramount influence of seasonal variability and the beneficial role of atmospheric precipitation.

Keywords: Eaux usées, Eaux souterraines, Pollution, Mzamza, Maroc, Analyse en Composante Principale Normée, Waste waters, Groundwater, Pollution, Mzamza, Morocco, Normalized Principal Components Analysis