Documents found
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2961.More information
SummaryThe article presents the results of a research on the trajectories of immigrant students' academic success in Montreal and Sherbrooke. The majority of these students attended a welcoming class. Using interviews as the chosen research method, case studies were conducted to analyze the point of view of the student, parent, and teacher on a student's school experiences. Thus, twenty-four cases emphasized various levels of mobilization contributing to each trajectory of academic success. Furthermore, a typology of success situations according to family profiles was modeled in three categories : success-continuity, success-promotion, family success. Transversal aspects of the typology are presented.
Keywords: immigration, réussite solaire, mobilisation, famille, trajectoire, immigration, academic success, mobilization, family, trajectory, inmigración, éxito escolar, movilización, familia, trayectoria
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2962.More information
The COVID‑19 pandemic has been particularly deadly for older people living in long-term care homes (LTC) and assisted living facilities (ALF) in Quebec. Consequently, many managers and front-line staff witnessed numerous resident deaths. Yet their experiences with end-of-life care and grief remain relatively unexplored. This qualitative study captures the experiences of three managers and four front-line staff working in LTCs or ALFs during the pandemic. Its findings illuminate the emotional challenges brought on by the pandemic due to changed end-of-life and bereavement practices. For some, the metaphor of war closely resembled their experiences. While feelings of helplessness and confusion were expressed, so too were experiences of cooperation and teamwork. Suggestions for practices to support staff and residents at the end of life and following death are explored.
Keywords: CHSLD, COVID‑19, deuil, fin de vie, personnel de la santé, résidences pour personnes âgées (RPA), assisted living facilities, COVID‑19, end-of-life, healthcare workers, grieving, long-term care, CHSLD, COVID-19, duelo, final de la vida, personal sanitario, residencias de ancianos (RPA)
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2963.More information
AbstractThe Montreal's Youth Centre intensive probation program for youth offenders was designed as an alternative for youth offender who would have normally been referred to a measure of open custody. In consideration of the scientific literature on the effectiveness of intensive supervision program, youth admitted to this program were high risk offenders (n = 99) who manifested receptivity for such an intervention in the community. The present study addresses the efficacy of the program in term of official recidivism. The results confirm the validity of the evaluation procedures for juvenile delinquents and their referral to the different programs (intensive probation, open custody, regular probation). Coherent with the intensity of the intensive probation program, subjects followed in this modality of treatment were more often the subject of reports identifying failure to comply with dispositions (e.g. breach of probation) of their sentences. At the one-year post-treatment follow-up, the non-recidivism rate of youth placed in intensive probation (76.2%) confirms that this measure can be seen as a valid alternative to open custody (47.4%). A logistic regression equation confirms that the two groups differed in their non-recidivism rate even when the initial characteristics of the youth were controlled for.
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2964.More information
The relationship between the entrepreneur and the investor is often viewed from a conflictual angle based on information asymmetry and on potential stakeholder opportunism. However, venture capital financing includes mixed relationships between venture capitalists and entrepreneurs. In this relationship, venture capitalists seek to orient the funded projects towards prospects of success while securing their investment funds through the negotiation of a set of legal agreements. On the other hand, the entrepreneurs strive to have some leeway to manoeuver while maintaining a certain degree of confidentiality. Our research question concerns the various governance mechanisms that surround the venture capitalist-entrepreneur relationship. Our theoretical framework is based on a double theoretical reading grid, by analyzing this relationship according to the two legal-financial and cognitive approaches of governance. Our results show that venture capitalists not only have a financial impact, but also organizational and cognitive impacts that can govern the internal organization of the venture capital-backed firm. The mode of governance employed can be influenced largely by the individual, organizational, institutional and economic characteristics of the venture capitalists. On the other hand, the managers of venture capital-backed firms may behave in ways that go beyond traditional opportunism, in which they conceal their personal interests, to generate cognitive resources and contribute to value creation.
Keywords: Governance, Gouvernance, venture-capital, capital-risque, cognitive approach, approche cognitive, legal-financial approach, approche juridico-financière, entrepreneurial finance, finance entrepreneuriale
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2965.More information
Keywords: développement professionnel, éducation physique et à la santé, pratiques inclusives, attitudes, croyances, contrôlabilité
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2966.More information
The Quebec region of Abitibi-Témiscamingue is greatly affected by the labour shortage. In a context where the mining industry offers highly competitive wages and benefits to its workers, the manufacturing industry, which covets a pool of workers similar to that of the mining industry, is struggling to keep its staff. In response to Rubenstein et al. (2018) and Hom et al. (2017) call to deepen and contextualize the phenomenon of staff retention, this research aims to explore, in the context of regional labour shortage, what are the configurations of the antecedents of the staff retention in factories of Abitibi-Témiscamingue using a cross-sectional configurational approach (Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA)). This research has identified different configurations explaining the intention to stay (or lack thereof) of manufacturing workers and illustrated that the intention to stay of these workers is mainly influenced by intra-organizational antecedents.
Keywords: Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), Staff retention, Intention to stay, Rétention de personnel, Manufacturing sector, Intention de rester, Secteur manufacturier, Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), Pénurie de main-d’oeuvre
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2967.More information
This article aims to describe home-based childcare providers’ conceptions of quality interactions. Based on a meaning-making approach, participants’ conceptions were collected through semi-structured interviews and then analyzed through a cultural lens. The conceptions were also compared to the domains and dimensions of the Classroom Assessment Scoring System Toddler, a standardized instrument designed to measure the quality of interactions as a normative concept in childcare centers. The results show that there are mainly differences in the conceptions regarding interactions as experienced in home-based childcare and in childcare centers. A diversity of languages is necessary to consider the distinct cultural context of home-based childcare.
Keywords: Quality of interactions, Qualité des interactions, Childcare, Service de garde en milieu familial, Service de garde en installation, Home-based childcare, Approche normative, Childcare center, Faire sens, Conceptions, Normative approach, Analyse culturelle, Meaning making approach, Classroom Assessment Scoring System, Conceptions, Cultural analysis, Classroom Assessment Scoring System, Contexte éducatif
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2968.More information
Parental support is a somewhat poorly documented topic in the context of vocational training (VT), compared to other levels of education. Building on a theme-based analysis of 80 interviews conducted with young adults enrolled in VT, we set out to identify the different types of support that these students feel they receive from their parents. Our analysis pointed to a four-part typology of parental attitudes towards their children’s academic pathways—encouraging, demanding, worried, and controlling—each of which corresponds to a different way of providing support. Analyzing these approaches through the lens of social capital and parental attitudes reveals their impact on academic pathways and illustrates the ways in which the young adults concerned can leverage relationship capital to ensure a more or less stable transition to the workplace. However, the same process also tends to reproduce inequalities.
Keywords: vocational training, formation professionnelle, jeunes adultes, young adults, soutien parental, parental support, parental attitudes, attitudes parentales, capital social, social capital
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2969.More information
Applications of artificial intelligence (AI) are likely to transform the work of professionals (i.e. caregivers, lawyers, teachers, social workers). This scoping review is part of a collaboration between union and research circles to identify the applications, uses and issues of AI that are documented in connection with the work of professionals. The results show that AI is very present in fields such as health, administration, law and education. Its purposes are multiple: from data archiving to decision-making, including word processing, interactions, recognition or simulation. AI could develop in many professions and create major cross-disciplinary issues, in particular around areas of competency, jobs, ethics and the functioning of organizations. Issues more specific to each profession are also identifiable. These results enable to propose a multidisciplinary discussion of these issues by dealing with ethics in the problems of consent to AI, the technological duality of AI, the role of a union in relation to AI and the computational challenge of AI explainability.
Keywords: Applications IA, éthique, ressources humaines, syndicat, informatique, étude de portée
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2970.More information
With the arrival of ChatGPT, the term artificial intelligence (AI) seems to become a fashion where several fields of expertise must renegotiate established paradigms. In the context of work, ever-growing literature predicts major transformations in work organization resulting in jobs rendered obsolete by the use of AI. This provocative essay goes against this trend. To support the argument, the authors use the concept of organizational stupidity to demonstrate how the irrational or even stupid side of businesses will surpass the efficient rationality promised by AI. Finally, practical implications are proposed for organizational decision-makers.
Keywords: IA, stupidité organisationnelle, psychologie organisationnelle, ère numérique, stupidité fonctionnelle