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The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted academic life worldwide for students as well as educators. The purpose of this study is to shed light on the collective adversity experienced by international medical students and bioethics educators caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to both personal and academic life. The authors wrote their subjective memoirs and then analyzed them using a collective autoethnography method in order to find the similarities and differences between their experiences. The results reveal some consistent patterns in experience that are captured in two metaphors: Falling apart and Bouncing back. “Falling apart” involves the breakdown of daily lives during the initial stages of the pandemic, shown through subjective quotes contextualized through the authors' commentary. The consensus is that returning home and the transition to remote education were the two main reasons for the breakdown. “Bouncing back” encompasses the authors' recovery after the initial breakdown, achieved by acquiring new information about the virus, discovering how to continue their hobbies at home, such as working out or dancing, and learning to adjust exam expectations. At the educational level, the bioethics course, which guided students through the ethical dilemmas of the pandemic, played an important role in the recovery/bouncing back process. For that reason, we report on how it was to learn about and teach this subject during the pandemic, and how bioethics knowledge was applied for better understanding and coping with some of the moral dilemmas related to the pandemic. The study testifies to the importance of bioethics education during a pandemic and explains how this can contribute to shaping the moral resilience of future medical practitioners.

Keywords: autoethnography, bioethics, COVID-19, infodemic, medical education, online education, public health, moral resilience, autoethnographie, bioéthique, COVID-19, infodémie, enseignement médical, enseignement en ligne, santé publique, résilience morale

In the lifestyles of teenagers and young adults, the viewing of movies, TV soaps and web series is an important activity. These productions present characters and scripts which illustrate the various problems these populations are facing, among which the consumption of drugs and medicines. To describe the models represented, two seasons of the popular web series Skins produced in Great Britain and a big success in many countries, were analysed using a content analysis based on quantitative and qualitative methodology. The results indicate that the question of illegal and medical drugs is an important topic, with cannabis as the drug most often represented and used by both male and female characters, followed by ecstasy. If the depiction of hard drugs is rare, non-medical use of prescription drugs is well illustrated, in particular with antidepressants and treatments or erectile dysfunction. The web series stage the phases of access to substances, their preparation, their consumption and even their resale, topics treated in a peripheral way in the TV productions of the 1990s. The states of consciousness, from light effects to extreme and dangerous ones are represented, illustrating the variety of contexts and the collective and individual functions of drug use. These substances are not generally the object of a negative evaluation within the story-line, insistance being put rather on their everyday acceptance and their integration in the everyday life of young people, without great risks for the health. It remains important to document the reception of this web series in various national contexts and to understand its influence on the standards of consumption of illegal substances and prescription drugs by adolescents.

Keywords: websérie, Skins, représentations, drogues, médicaments, usages, effets, webserie, Skins, representations, drugs, medicines, uses, effects, serie Web, Skins, representaciones, drogas, medicamentos, usos, efectos

This article presents results of a critical review of the literature discussing the ethical issues arising in humanitarian work, following the method proposed by McCullough, Coverdale and Chervenak. Our aim was primarily to focus on how the ethical issues arising in humanitarian work are conceptualized within the literature we reviewed. We think that properly conceptualizing the ethical issues which humanitarian workers may face can provide avenues to better respond to them. We analysed 61 documents, as part of a literature review, which revealed that there truly is a need, amongst the authors and in humanitarian work, to discuss ethics. Indeed, even if only a small number of authors define explicitly the words they use to discuss ethics, the great quantity that we have uncovered in the documents seem to suggest vast and rich grounds upon which to address ethical issues. We believe it to be important that the ethical issues of humanitarian work are increasingly addressed in the literature and argue that it would be helpful for the vocabulary used by authors to be employed and developed even more rigorously, so that their discussions show more precision, coherence, relevance, exhaustiveness, and sufficiency. The review of the literature, as well as the resulting analysis in this article, is part of a broader project to suggest a way to conceptualize the ethical issues of humanitarian work based on the strengths and innovations of this and other studies.

Keywords: ethical issues, humanitarian work, conceptualization, typologies, problèmes éthiques, travail humanitaire, conceptualisation, typologies

Children living with a parent diagnosed with a major depressive disorder are at higher risk of experiencing social, academic and emotional difficulties (Reupert et al., 2012). They also very often have a caregiving role towards their parents (Cooklin, 2010). Abroad, several interventions have been developed for these children and their families in order to promote their resilience. In Quebec, the FAMILLE + program, a targeted preventive intervention for children and families living with a parent with a depressive disorder, was developed in 2018. The content of the program, including its objectives, structure, learning activities and innovative tools proposed will be described. Then, authors will describe the results of a pilot study on the fidelity of the program's implementation, the main factors facilitating and hindering the implementation, as well as the perceived benefits of the program, as perceived by the participants (children and parents) and the facilitators. Finally, research and clinical implications will be discussed.

Keywords: Intervention préventive ciblée, intervention familiale, enfants, santé mentale, dépression, Targeted preventive intervention, family intervention, children, mental health, depression

SummaryThis paper aimed to demonstrate the contribution of the research performed by the musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) Research Axis group of the Quebec Occupational Health and Safety Research Network towards better understanding of work-related MSD (WMSD) development and prevention. Although the group targets its work to the Quebec population, its work has significant impact around the world, placing MSD axis members and knowledge and expertise created in Quebec on the international map. Results from the contribution of members are relevant, primarily in the demonstration of the implication of physical workload as well as organizational and psychosocial work-related factors in the development of WMSDs. Also, members have demonstrated that gender, sex, social class, age and ethno-cultural groups interact in various ways with WMSD determinants. Efforts are devoted towards improving understanding of the physiological responses linked with MSDs, which could also lead to new workplace practices in rehabilitation. The group emphasizes the integration of prevention procedures from the design stage to the workplace intervention. Members have proposed research-based tools for best practices at work and also an original conceptual model as a key, novel element of a theoretical conceptualization of WMSDs. Moreover, the group focuses on improving WMSD surveillance, using multiple sources of information, providing information on newly identified health risks and developing new methods of assessing risk in order to effectively prevent disability in the working population. Finally, results from research of the MSD axis group have implications for orienting legal processes, improving legal recognition of MSDs as occupational diseases, and contributing to the evolution of legal thinking. However, much remains to be done. To that end, the group plans and encourages new initiatives for further advancement. In conclusion, the originality of the work places the group in a favourable position to address the complexity underlying WMSDs, combining expertise that enriches fundamental, clinical and population-based research.

Keywords: MSD axis, workplace, disease, basic/applied research, axe TMS, milieu de travail, maladie, recherche fondamentale/appliquée, eje trastornos musculo-esquelético, enfermedad, investigación fundamental/aplicada

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has spotlighted the face mask as an intricate object constructed through the uptake of varied and sometimes competing discourses. We investigated how the concept of face mask was discursively deployed during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. By examining the different discourses surrounding the use of face masks in public domain texts, we comment on important educational opportunities for medical education.Method: We applied critical discourse methodology to look for key phrases related to face masks that can be linked to specific socio-economic and educational practices. We created an archive of 171 English and Mandarin texts spanning the period of February to July 2020 to explore how discourses in Canada related to discourses of mask use in China, where the pandemic was first observed. We analyzed how the uptake of discourses related to masks was rationalized during the first phase of the pandemic and identified practices/processes that were made possible.Results: While the face mask was initially constructed as personal protective equipment, it quickly became a discursive object for rights and freedoms, an icon for personal expression of political views and social identities, and a symbol of stigma that reinforced illness, deviance, anonymity, or fear.Conclusion: Discourses related to face masks have been observed in public and institutional responses to the pandemic in the first wave. Finding from this research reinforce the need for medical schools to incorporate a broader socio-political appreciation of the role of masks in healthcare when training for pandemic responses.