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Background: Residency training is increasingly occurring in community settings. The opportunity for community-based scholarship is untapped and substantial. We explored Community Family Medicine Preceptors’ understanding of Educational Scholarship (ES), looked at barriers and enablers to ES, and identified opportunities to promote the growth of ES in this setting. Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews with fifteen purposively chosen community-based Family Medicine preceptors in a distributed Canadian family medicine program. Results: Community Family Medicine Preceptors strongly self-identify as clinical teachers. They are not well acquainted with the definition of ES, but recognize themselves as scholars.  Community Family Medicine Preceptors recognize ES has significant value to themselves, their patients, communities, and learners. Most Community Family Medicine Preceptors were interested and willing to invest in ES, but lack of time and scarcity of primary care research experience were seen as barriers.  Research process support and a connection to the academic center were considered enablers. Opportunities to promote the growth of ES include recognition that there are fundamental differences between community and academic sites, the development of a mentorship program, and a process to encourage engagement. Conclusions: Community Family Medicine Preceptors identify foremost as clinician teachers.  They are engaged in and recognize the value of ES to their professional community at large and to their patients and learners.  There is a growing commitment to the development of ES in the community

In the final analysis, this article takes up the question of defining the limit of the human — that is,the question of the Other. lt is the same problem, regardless of whether it involves the "man of the woods"(the orangutan),the idiot or the "cagot" (a member of a group of outcasts in the south-western France, considered to be cretins).These questions, still unsettled during the 17 th century, gradually became the purview of the nascent field of psychiatry. The question of the wild boy of Aveyron, like that of the idiot of the canton of Valais or that of the cagot were taken up as problems by Pinel or Esquirol. It is my opinion that such questions could indeed be integrated into a problematic surrounding tolerance.

One third of students have to face with mental health disease. Student psychological suffering may cause quickly a break inside life course. It might lead to psychiatric disorders. We present a secondary prevention device, conduct by psychiatrists, within the University. Its aim is to increase the access to mental health or psychiatric care when it's needed, but also to help students to elaborate their psychological issues as an extension of adolescence conflicts. We will present how this device is articulated with both teachers in University and psychiatric units, offering a third-part interface.

Keywords: services de santé pour étudiants, santé mentale, burnout, médecine préventive, prévention secondaire, échec scolaire, student health services, mental health, burn out, preventive medicine, secondary prevention, academic failure

SummaryAutoimmune response is diverse. This diversity is thought not to take place at the beginning of the autoimmune process but to occur as the disease evolves. It is mainly the consequence of the so-called epitope-spreading phenomenom and of the cross-reactivity of antibodies. Analysing autoantibody repertoire constitutes a powerful means to understand physiopathological processes at work in various diseases, mainly autoimmune diseases. In particular this analysis opens the way to precisely identify autoantigens and their changes in various pathological situations, and allows providing new biological markers in chronic inflammatory diseases. New methodologies have recently emerged for the analysis of the autoantibody repertoire in a given individual. They propose diagnostic approaches no more related upon few markers but founded upon analysis of global changes of the antibody repertoire. They belong to methodologies called target-oriented proteomics. Their common feature is to isolate autoantigens by means of affinity chromatography based upon antibody /antigen reactions. Autoantibodies to be studied interact with a protein substratum susceptible to include autoantibody targets. These interactions take place on solid macro- or microsurfaces, i.e. membrane filters or chips. Several strategies can be used for locating the specific autoantibody/autoantigen complexes and for identifying behind autoantigens. In this paper three approaches, namely, the recombinant protein chips, the SELDI techniques and the 2-D gel electrophoresis linked to mass spectrometry are described and compared.

Keywords: revue Liberté

Diogene's Syndrome, a medico-psychosocial entity first defined in England 30 years ago, is a challenging issue for care-givers in the community. Management of these patients who refuse any help has led to emergency interventions, when their state of health was so damaged that two-thirds were to die during their hospitalizations. These patients in deny, isolation and filth, living as “tramps” in their own home is a real issue. What could be done to diminish this catastrophic mortality? Have these people their full capacity of judgement? Aren't their minds sufficiently disturbed that we could justifiably intervene without their full consent? Based on a few situations, we will try to demonstrate that the mind of these people is well alive, and that it is possible to maintain them in their homes and to drastically diminish the observed mortality rates.

Keywords: syndrome de Diogène, misère sociale, isolement social, droits du patient, Diogene's Syndrome, social breakdown, isolation, patient's rights

Based on a clinical experience and group discussions organized in different hospitals, it seems to be obvious that the pain and suffering of the patients is not without its effects on that of the nursing staff. This staff needs to be recognized, needs to participate in the decision-making in order to esteem themselves and keep pleasure in working in a hospital environment. What happens when the institution provokes unsettling and insecurity? When it forces or reduce the staff to a mere instrument? What are the dysfunctions caused by hospital terrorism? How to prevent this violence in hospital?

Keywords: violence, hôpital, insécurité, violence, hospital, insecurity

The author looks at the problem of communication between experts and laymen. What language can best be used to transmit information from one to the other? A brief study done on people of three very different educational levels leads the author to the following conclusions:layman knowledge is constituted by piecemeal approaches to and rationalizations of day-to-day experiences;almost all laymen are incapable of adequately dealing with the scientific knowledge transmitted by doctors.The problem of health education is, of course, vast and complex but the author suggests the solution lies in the direction of a mutual education process whereby scientific information can be transmitted to the layman and a deeper understanding of the social consciousness of the people and the collective unconscious can be developed by the experts. There must thus be communication of different types of messages from experts to laymen and vice-versa in which teaching-learning roles are continually exchanged. An example concerning vaccination is presented to illustrate this process.