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Our article analyzes the evolution of Fez's handicraft sector, the challenges it has faced for many decades and the conditions needed to revitalize it. Clearly, to recover its former strength and influence, the traditional crafts sector in Fez needs to embrace innovation as the most effective way to enhance value, while also finding new ways to organize craft production. Is the transfer policy that moves existing craftshops from the old city to newly created «areas of craft activities» outside the medina the most appropriate way to achieve this revitalization? In other words, does the craftshops relocation policy create conditions whereby craftspeople can adopt more efficient and more competitive work practices? This is the key issue addressed in this article.

Keywords: Artisanat traditionnel, médina, nouvelles zones d'activités artisanales, politique de délocalisation, dynamique entrepreneuriale, savoir-faire anciens, Traditional crafts, medina, new craft activity areas, relocation policy, entrepreneurial dynamics, traditional know-how, Artesanado tradicional, medina, nuevas zonas de actividades artesanales, política de delocalización, dinámica empresarial, técnicas antiguas

The electoral behaviour of the former communist electors in the working-class areas is still a controversial issue in electoral analysis. Some studies underline the electoral faithfulness of the working-class generations, while others highlight the increase of abstention and extreme-right vote within the group. The goal of this is article is to summarize the study of the diversity of social and political biographies of elderly people who voted consistently for communist candidates. This survey is based on a monograph of two former communist working-class areas in the Parisian suburbs, each of which having followed a very different political path since the 1980s. Our data is derived from the results of exit polls, interviews and other observations. The comparison of these areas highlights two ageing models. On the one hand, where communist activism has almost disappeared, the elderly people live in a social and political anomy which contributes to disaffiliation towards the former local political order. On the opposite, the symbolic restoration of the second area, in which children of the former “local political aristocracy” have settled, contributes to maintaining an intergenerational and intragenerational link. This phenomenon facilitates a more active citizenship at the local level and loyalty to the communist candidates.

Keywords: politisation, vote, monographie, inégalités sociales, municipalité communiste, politicization, electoral behaviour, monograph, social inequalities, local communism

This article focuses on dementia in nursing home (especially in what is called in France EHPAD). It analyzes how dementia care has been designed and the staff and managers' actual experiences. Is shows that space has taken a special place in dementia care in nursing homes, especially through the development of special care units. Thanks to an ethnographic field survey in a limited corpus of nursing homes, a more complex reality is discovered. In a context of constant debates, it appears that specific care in a special unit is widely accepted as a standard, according to the “sector-wide” and “target population” approach. Moreover, in the daily practices, fostered by a global approach which attempting to facilitate the cohabitation of the whole community of residents, care is built as subtle balances between the different forms of specialization. It is a “field common thought” process based on the following tension: relink what was separated, divide what is connected.

Keywords: maladie d'Alzheimer et maladie apparentée, établissement d'hébergement pour personnes âgées dépendantes, unité spécifique, pratiques professionnelles, dementia, nursing home, special care unit, professional practice

This article analyses projects carried out in the name of police reform and democratization in post-revolution Tunisia. The period following the departure of Ben Ali saw a series of readjustments within the security forces, notably following an opening to new sources of influence, emanating from security professionals organized in the form of unions or associations, or international players. Based on an analysis of the community policing project carried out by the UNDP and the Ministry of the Interior, the purpose of the article is to show that, without profoundly modifying the structures and standards governing the police, the enhancement of relations between police and citizen carried out in the name of the reform excludes the subaltern. Newly formed police unions further reduce the specter of political change by doing lobbying work to exclude police control and accountability from SSR. They manage, by taking over the discourses of the Security Sector Reform, to legitimize and strengthen their position as representatives of the police forces. The aim of the article is to analyze a process of change at work without presuming its outcome, by reinscribing it in its political temporality and the lines of tension around the definition of the terms of change within the police.

Keywords: Réforme du secteur de la sécurité, police de proximité, Tunisie, action publique de sécurité, relation police-population, syndicalisme policier, security sector reform, community policing, Tunisia, security policies, police-population relations, police unions

The ensembles Sound of Montreal and Extrakte, respectively based in Montreal and in Berlin, bring together musicians from several musical traditions, reflecting the cultural diversity present in both cities. In this joint research-creation project initiated by Sandeep Bhagwati, interviews have been realized by Deniza Popova and Julie Delisle in order to provide a portrait of the ensembles' musicians and of the dynamics and interactions, both personal and musical, among participants in this particular context of musical creation.

Keywords: recherche-création, interculturalisme, Berlin, Montréal, traditions musicales, research-creation, interculturalisme, Berlin, Montréal, musical traditions

Museums in France, as in other countries, were at the beginning of their history dedicated to the conservation, and to the permanence, of some works of art or of other objects on a specific territory: they illustrated the stability and continuity of the more or less imaginary communities these artefacts were part of. It is only in the last decades of the 20th century that some museums of history or of society tried to display the life of some people as the result of immigrations: it was especially the case in the museum of the city of Grenoble, about the communities from Italy, Armenia, Algeria, Morocco. But the big change was linked to the decision to create a national museum of the history of immigration in Paris, after some lobbying of communities, of historians, and a lot of hesitation on the part of politicians. The choice was to install it in the former building of the Colonial Exhibition of 1931, due to the opportunity of re-using an historical monument, but the decision was probably unfortunate. The opening of the so-called “City” of immigration was also highly problematic, due to a change of the political majority in the French government, and the museum was, in the following months, invaded by undocumented migrants to protest against their working conditions. The museum has had to struggle against a lot of difficulties to find its place in the Parisian landscape of national museums, due to its lack of funding, its relative marginality in the geography of the city, and a dubious agenda, between contemporary art, tourism and social activism. A current refurbishing of the display is in progress, under the intellectual patronage of an historian who authored a very successful “global history of France” in recent years, and who is in charge of bringing this museum to international recognition, instead of the giving in to old quarrels about identity politics.

In this article, I plan to present the beguine (a musical genre and dance from Martinique, Guadeloupe and Guyana) as a kind of rhizome root whose rooting flexibility takes its form from Creole influences. My approach will involve emphasizing the rhizomatic development of the beguine and of contemporary West Indian jazz, two musical genres resulting from the insular nature of Caribbean entities, through a historico-cultural connection that examines their meaning as sociocultural, geo-archipelagic and meditative symbols. For this purpose, I will ask the question to what extent their creation as art forms depicts at one and the same time insular anchors and bridges to dialogue and relationship in a world of cultural diversity. This study brings to light the awakenings and possible explorations which are available to the musicians who create and their West Indian fellows through the rhythmic and cultural universes reproduced at the centre of the compositions which make up these two musical genres. At the outset, the focus will be on the major role played by two cities, one insular, the other continental, in the influence of the beguine: the former capital of Martinique, Saint Pierre, (at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries) and Paris (from the 1930s to the present day). Next, studying the development of the beguine to West Indian jazz will enable me to highlight the position of the Caribbean musician-architect (more specifically, Martinican and Guadeloupean) who makes use of a technical understanding of music and of his subjective quality of sensitivity to give birth to creations which invite listeners to a meditative journey in the West Indian Creole archipelago.