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Our article aims to show how participation in various government coalitions and the practice of power have pushed the Algerian Islamists of the Movement of Society for Peace (MSP) to transform their religious utopia into a consensual political program. How did this change, which spanned nearly five decades, take place? To answer this question, we aim to account for the profound ideological and programmatic transformations of this party. We defend the idea that the political inflection of the MSP is less the result of a change proper to the party than of external political contingencies. To put it differently, participation in power has encouraged the MSP to “dilute” the utopian charge of its discourse in order to integrate and maintain itself in power. The imperatives of maintaining power have forced the party to create alliances with non-Islamist partisan organizations and to make concessions that “affect” its original ideals.

Keywords: Algérie, Frères musulmans, modération, intégration, politique

The identity issues, faced by every young adult, are particularly stressed in a transcultural context. The objective of this qualitative research is to study the identity construction of young women, born in France of parents who emigrated from the Maghreb. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 subjects (Age range: 17-25 years), tape recorded and analyzed with the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, 2008). The results reveal three salient issues of the identity construction in this population: the Islam practice, the norm of endogamy and the norm of virginity. These cultural norms and practices represent symbolic markers of identity. They acquired their status as identity issues in the interaction between France and people from the Maghreb, in the past and even more today.

Keywords: construction identitaire, transculturel, filiation, affiliation, norme de virginité, pratique de l'Islam, identity construction, transcultural, filiation, affiliation, norm of virginity, practice of Islam

Ce mémoire porte sur l'analyse de l'univers symbolique du lait maternel en contexte maghrébin et s'appuie sur des recherches ethnologiques effectuées au début du XXe siècle et surtout depuis 1980 à aujourd'hui. Les tribus berbères sur lesquelles porte ce travail sont originaires du Maroc, les Ait Khebbach, et de l'Algérie, les Kabyles et les Chaouis. Les pouvoirs symboliques attribués au lait maternel engendrent des interdits et des rapports de protection. Les interdits sont induits par l'analogie entre le lait maternel et le sperme. Le lien symbolique établi entre la parenté par le lait, la radâ ', et la parenté par le sang entraîne des interdits matrimoniaux. La protection est basée sur l'investissement symbolique du lait maternel considéré comme un aliment primordial et civilisateur. Elle s'exprime …

In the Arab world, communities of believers (Ummah), the Arab nation, states, tribal communities, and minority groups are reference points that cut horizontally across the region and compete with the verticality of States. While the notion of national security was developed in the West based on a specific process largely rooted in the primacy of States over other references, in the Arab and Muslim world, the dynamics currently at play (transitions, civil war, crises in post-colonial States) reveal contradictions between the dynamics of State building and community or tribal dynamics. These contradictions can be seen not only in current inter-Arab relations, which harken back to an old model of dealings between Arab States, but also in relations between Arab States and the world powers of the day.

Keywords: sécurité nationale, État, islam, Oumma, monde arabe, Moyen-Orient, national security, State, Islam, Ummah, Arab World, Middle East, nacional seguridad, Estado, Islam, Umma, mundo árabe, Oriente Medio

Morocco's accession to the African Union finds its deep motivation in two considerations linked by a dialectical relationship. One, mediate and unacknowledged, lies in the evolution of relations of this country with Europe. The other, immediate and more or less assumed, is related to the Western Sahara affair. Indeed, this approach implicitly bears the consequences of the failure of the attempt to merge with Europe pushed to the extreme in the form of a “project of anchoring to Europe” which, relying on the Geostrategic situation of Morocco in the Mediterranean basin, was even a time presented as summarizing alone the foreign policy of this country. But also, by renewing its “African roots”, Morocco hopes to find, through new alliances, the political means of strengthening its economic power on a continental scale, and, perhaps, the springs of a final settlement of the Western Sahara litigation.

Keywords: diplomatie, géopolitique, Maroc, Union africaine, Union européenne, adhésion, intégration économique, diplomacy, geopolitics, Morocco, African Union, European Union, accession, economic integration

In a transcontinental perspective, this article aims to study the literary topography of the Caribbean and the Maghreb, in relation to the socio-economic and cultural paradigms that bind them. The writings of Glissant, Chamoiseau and Khatibi, inscribed in the center-peripheries taxonomy, show that francophone literary production is at the crossroads of many influences.