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L'hebdomadaire La Française est le journal du féminisme réformiste en France et est publié 1906 à 1940. Pendant cette période, les collaboratrices et collaborateurs du journal accordent de plus en plus d'intérêt et d'espace médiatique à la situation des femmes musulmanes de la colonie algérienne et des protectorats tunisien et marocain. Au fil de critiques littéraires, de petits billets ou de longs articles d'information, les féministes impliquées dans la rédaction de La Française créent un discours monolithique au sein duquel les femmes maghrébines sont décrites comme étant d'éternelles victimes, autant des hommes de leur entourage que des coutumes locales et religieuses. En parallèle, les féministes de France créent aussi un discours sur soi et dépeignent les Françaises comme les seules à pouvoir venir en aide …

Cette recherche explore l'impact des facteurs contextuels et individuels sur l'accès à l'éducation en Tunisie. En se basant sur des données récentes, des régressions linéaires ont été utilisées pour examiner l'influence de variables telles que le milieu de vie, le genre et le niveau socio-économique. Une régression logistique a également été réalisée afin de mieux comprendre les facteurs influençant l'accès à l'université en Tunisie. En parallèle, une analyse de variance (ANOVA) a permis de comparer les différences d'accès à l'université entre les pays de la région ANMO. Les résultats mettent en lumière des disparités marquées, notamment entre les zones rurales et urbaines, ainsi qu'entre les genres pour la Tunisie, et des similitudes entre certains pays, ainsi que des disparités notamment entre les pays du Maghreb. …

Gnawa Diffusion was a successful musical group of first- and second-generation North African immigrants that achieved significant fame in North Africa, the Middle East and Europe during the last two decades. Based in France, though from Algeria, their politicized egalitarian message reached the world. Their musical skills, instrumentation, tastes and appeal to youth sounds, sentiments and meanings gave their globalized music a prominent place on the global stage. In their work Gnawa Diffusion addressed a panoply of political issues and sought to represent and reach their audience. Their greatest popularity came at the height and conclusion of the Algerian civil war. By parsing the meanings of the band's name, this paper engages the events and cultures that informed Gnawa Diffusion, exploring the history of the Gnawa, the history of Algeria, and the relationships between France, North Africa and contemporary “French” music. Issues of cultural authenticity and representation are tightly layered within the band's purposes and process of artistic production. Because Gnawa Diffusion was envisioned, organized and led by Amazigh Kateb Yassin, and because the band and media recognized him as the spokesperson and principal author for Gnawa Diffusion, Amazigh's life story and words accompany this paper's arguments and analysis. Through a selective sketch of the various musical consequences of the North African slave trade, the spread of Islam, the colonization of North Africa and the immigration of Algerians to France, we can begin to comprehend how these histories combined and harmonized through Gnawa Diffusion to form the new musical forms of a generation of people who seek to overcome their often divisive cultural heritage. In this case, the intent of the music challenges common notions of authenticity and thereby affirms it.

AbstractThe development of transportation and mobility in Africa are interconnected. The migratory flow of Western Africans assumes a variety of forms and is currently benefiting from improvements to international transportation systems. As builders of nation territories, states are the first organizers of African mobility. Migrants, both individually and collectively, are also the makers, to varying degrees, of their own mobility. They contribute, in host, transit and native countries, to the way transportation systems function; at the same time, they reinforce the connection between custom and culture.

Keywords: Migration internationale, transport, ville, territoire, État, Afrique de l'Ouest, International migration, transportation, city, territory, nation, Western Africa

Considerable evidence points to the fact that Muslim migrant populations have a relatively high degree of religiosity, and thus partially escape the process of secularization that characterizes most European countries. Through the analysis of the TeO (Trajectoires et Origines) survey conducted in France on a large sample of immigrants and descendants of immigrants, this article aims to verify this hypothesis while trying to better understand Muslims' social and political world. The data indicate that religion is making a dynamic comeback and that this cannot be explained solely by social difficulties and discrimination, but should be viewed in a comprehensive process of political socialization including cultural and ideological aspects. The article concludes with a critical reading of the TeO survey, a questionnaire marked by assumptions that prevent the analysis of all the dimensions of integration.

AbstractThis article elaborates the concept of the crossing of the self as a methodological tool for the interpretation of recent francophone autobiographical writing. As a concept which overthrows the notion of a quest for identity, the crossing of the self underlines the open plurality of the subject outlined in the autobiographical texts of Assia Djebar, Ken Bugul and Patrick Chamoiseau.

Keywords: écritures autobiographiques francophones, concept de la traversée du moi, relation du collectif et de l'individu, Assia Djebar, Ken Bugul, Patrick Chamoiseau, francophone autobiographical writing, concept of a crossing of the self, relation between the collective and the individual, Assia Djebar, Ken Bugul, Patrick Chamoiseau

SummaryContemporary French-speaking Jewish writers present a double specificity: on the one hand, despite sharing common themes, they do not form a network (with either aesthetic or political foundations), on the other hand, it is impossible to find roots in a unique and homogenous territory in the texts. It is this lack of “inscription” or involvement, both in networks and in a territory, which partially explains why there is no Jewish French literature. However, even though French-speaking Jewish writers do not belong in common networks and are not located in a particular geographical territory, the majority of them have collectively invested in the symbolic territory that constitutes memory.

This article examines the different barriers faced by hairdressers descendants of immigrants from the Maghreb and sub-Saharan Africa, during their careers to find a place in the trade and the attempts they put in place to change their situation. This article delivers in particular the different bodily or linguistic injunctions required by the profession. To get closer to a “Caucasian ideal” sought by co-workers and employers, hairdressers are, for example, required to smooth their hair or change their name. The customer feature justifies these requirements on the part of employers. This article also shows how, in a predominantly female profession, being a man tends to mitigate this racial identity that is affixed to them. But these attempts to conform to this professional ideal do not mean acceptance of racism. Forms of resistance to this translation of those social issues appear and allow them to regain a certain self-esteem.

Keywords: Racisme, discriminations, corps, coiffeur, résistance, genre, Racism, discriminations, body, Professional Hairstylist, resistance and gender, Racismo, discriminación, cuerpo, peluquero, resistencia, género