Documents found
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374.More information
In defining the ‘peasant', reference is generally made to an unbalanced and inferior relationship with a larger economic, political and cultural unity. The exact nature of this relationship, however, continues to be unclear. The distinct features of the ‘dominant' and corresponding ‘peasant' sectors and the intricacies of their interdependence must be identified and analysed in order to reach a more complete theoretical understanding of complex societies. In this article, I examine one aspect of the economic sphere of a Mayan peasant village in Yucatan. The peasant, as consumer, plays a vital role in the marketing process, a process which is a mechanism in the dependence of the local sector on the urban industrial sector.
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375.More information
The representation of ethnicity within mainstream multicultural festivals tends to commodify ethnic identity within homogenized and simplified frameworks which ease consumption by mass audiences. “Adventures in Ethnicity” examines some of the cultural politics implicit in this brand of “fast food multiculturalism” and the ways in which large-scale multicultural festivals decontextualize, neutralize and remobilize representations of “ethnic authenticity” to market cultural identities as symbolic products. A secondary focus of discussion examines Winnipeg's Folklorama as a case study in possibly resistant and deferential strategies within mainstream multicultural festivals' appropriation of ethnic identities. A special emphasis is placed on the implicit cross-coding of public performance and displays of material culture to create a potentially subversive critique of large-scale multicultural festivals, their products and their consumers.
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377.More information
This article presents a type of social enterprise that has appeared in the Philippines against a backdrop of poverty and social inequality. These are social enterprises that empower the poor to create businesses and redistribute wealth. The author gives the key findings of three studies conducted between 2008 and 2015 in conjunction with the Institute for Social Entrepreneurship in Asia on social enterprises in which the poor are the primary stakeholder (SEPPs). The author identifies two models: the collaboration model, which involves the poor as transactional partners, and the empowerment model in which the poor only act as transformational partners. In response to the failure of the state and the market to address the needs of the poor, and as hybrid organisations engaged in this process of transformation, SEPPs play an important role in creating a fair and pluralistic economy in the Philippines.
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378.More information
Distance educators are not normally equipped by their training or experience for the complex task of evaluating technologies. One of the areas of potential disadvantage is in interpreting information provided by vendors themselves, and in relating effectively with sales, marketing and technical representatives. An objective and thorough product evaluation requires that information be selected, and sometimes generated, to aid the process. Vendors may agree to provide additional information, including direct experience with their products, if evaluators know what to ask for and what to expect from vendors.
Keywords: online learning, technology
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380.More information
La théorie du contrat social de Macneil offre un cadre d'analyse intéressant, aussi bien pour la compréhension que pour l'analyse des échanges, réputés pour leur niveau d'abstraction élevé. Cependant, de multiples problématiques se posent quant à l'opérationnalisation des normes contractuelles: (1) le cadre d'analyse est particulièrement complexe du fait des nombreuses ambiguïtés notamment dans les définitions mêmes des normes par Macneil, constamment redéfinies et qui évoluent en fonction de leur contexte d'utilisation; (2) la théorie n'est que rarement ou brièvement représentée dans la littérature, car la plupart du temps citée en tant que référence secondaire; (3) si de plus en plus de recherches contribuent à une meilleure compréhension du cadre théorique, elles ne mettent pas réellement l'accent sur le choix spécifique des normes de leurs …