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Using a descriptive approach, this article aims to describe parents’ experiences supporting their children with diverse needs in elementary or high school. Based on a network analysis of responses to an electronic survey completed by 408 parents, the main results revealed that the number of diagnoses reported by some parents in response to their child’s needs is significant, ranging from two to seven. Furthermore, though most parents say that they are generally satisfied with the support their child receives at school, others reported communication difficulties with school stakeholders. These findings raise questions about the persistence of the medicalization of children's difficulties and how demobilizing this approach can be for parents regarding the support they provide to their children.

Keywords: Engagement parental, Parent’s involvement, diversity of needs, diversité des besoins, support services, services de soutien, medicalization of education, approche catégorielle, médicalisation de l’éducation

Research framework: Adoption has existed for many years as an institution that promotes family ties, taking forms that vary based on place, culture and time . However, the ways in which the social actors involved use adoption reveal specific conceptions of the child, the family, affiliations and family relationships. Objectives: This issue aims to identify the evolution of certain social and legislative adoption practices and to discuss the family and identity realities associated with adoption, in order to provide an analysis of how it has changed over time. Methodology: The articles in this issue highlight the many aspects of adoption: not only does it affect a number of different actors (adopters, adoptees and parents of origin), but it also raises concerns and questions of a social, legal and family nature. Results: Adoption is a subject of study at the intersection of several disciplines, including law, anthropology, sociology, psychology and social work. The various cases discussed in this issue also illustrate the importance of reflecting on the implications of adoption for individuals, families and society as a whole. Conclusions: The cases cited in these articles illustrate the need to approach adoption from a dynamic perspective that takes into account the evolution, contexts and changes involved in all the issues associated with it. Contribution: This issue is intended to stimulate reflection, both now and in the future.

Keywords: adoption, filiation, famille, origines, adoption internationale, protection de l’enfance, adoption, filiation, family, origins, international adoption, child protection, adopción, filiación, familia, orígenes, adopción internacional, protección de la infancia

Keywords: collaboration école-famille-communauté, organisme communautaire et école, camp éducatif, élèves récemment immigré·e·s, apprentissage du français, intégration socioculturelle

The aim was to show the extent to which Philippe Vilain's work belongs to both autofiction and the novel of analysis. My intention was to highlight its dual nature. As such, Philippe Vilain’s work draws inspiration from nineteenth century novels, while seamlessly integrating into the contemporary literary landscape.In this context, I have chosen to explore the resonance between two key texts: Benjamin Constant's Adolphe and Philippe Vilain's Le Renoncement – from three points of view: intermittent filiations, the effects of silence and the force of digressions.To provide a comprehensive perspective, I referenced several of Philippe Vilain's other novels (such as Pas son genre, Une idée de l’enfer, L’Étreinte, Un matin d’hiver, Paris l’après-midi) and critical works; and in so doing I have attempted to establish the distinctive identity of pensive fiction from his numerous literary contributions.

Recent reforms in tort law have important consequences for the liability of companies in general and business corporations in particular. Numerous laws have been passed since 2016 to create or reinforce corporate liability regimes, such as the law introducing ecological damage, the ordinance relating to damages awarded to the victims of anti-competitive practices, or the law introducing a duty of care within certain companies. The combination of these laws reveals two directions in which corporate liability is tending to move.The first is a rise in the moral standard of corporate behaviour. Pursuant to these new texts, legal persons must follow a certain standard of behaviour in their actions or risk punishment under tort law. Corporate social responsibility is thus becoming less and less moral and more and more legal.The second direction in which company law is moving is more surprising, as it may change a general principle of company law. Several laws seem to introduce a liability of the parent company for its subsidiary, which at first sight seems to be contrary to the principle of autonomy of each company within a group. The law creating a duty of vigilance thus makes it possible to sanction the parent company in the event of human rights or environmental violations committed by its subsidiary. To do so, however, the parent company must have failed to put in place or implement a due diligence plan. In this case, the damage compensated will be that caused by the subsidiary, but the fault opening the case to liability will be that of the parent company. However, a new rule mixing competition law and civil liability law may lead to the parent company being liable with its subsidiary without even having to prove any fault on its part. By presuming that all the persons composing the company condemned for an anti-competitive infringement are at fault, the Commercial Code opens up the possibility of condemning a parent company if one of its subsidiaries has committed an anti-competitive fault. The importation of a competition law concept into tort law thus leads to a profound change in tort law within the corporate group.

At a time when dozens of private French organizations have publicly announced their desire to become “mission companies”, what conditions must be met before this “virtuous label” can be granted and how can it be assumed in the future ? The issue at stake is not without significance seeing as the question arises as to whether [translation] “this legal creation [is] a mere announcement, or even wishful thinking, or [if] it is really likely to influence [the] capitalist system and give it an additional reason for being, or even an additional soul” (L. Landivaux and G. Gien). The current economic crisis triggered by the COVID-19 health crisis reflects the importance of these questions and the “trap” threatening companies that have resolved to fit into this new mould. The Danone “case” — presented by some as an [translation] “allegory of the failure of this idea of voluntary commitment” — is a case in point. “The mission company status provides a veneer of respectability. However, it has been observed that commitments do not hold up to market logic and do not allow companies to protect themselves from it” (S. Bommier, 2020). Is the fate of French-style mission companies already sealed and their failure obvious ? The purpose of this contribution is to examine French-style mission companies, which the current health crisis is subjecting to a trial by fire.

Agriculture is undoubtedly one of the sectors most affected by climate change. While the sector is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions, adapting it remains a major challenge, especially for countries in the southern hemisphere, where agriculture is economically vital and represents a source of jobs and guaranteed food security. However, the international legal regime has not paid enough attention to the climate issue. This can be observed not only in conventional treaties, but also in the Decisions of the Conference of the Parties and even in the funding of financial mechanism projects and programs. Following the progress made at COP 17, the Koronivia Joint Work is the most significant agricultural initiative in the climate regime. It will be necessary to continue its implementation with a view to achieving the establishment of a real plan of action for this sector.

Keywords: orthopédagogie, didactique des mathématiques, collaboration, ingénierie didactique coopérative, inclusion

This paper describes the situation of indigenous peoples in Brazil in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic from two different perspectives. The first examines the actions of the Brazilian indigenous movement since the beginning of the pandemic, particularly the reactions of indigenous communities and organizations to the State's refusal to take into account the particular vulnerability of indigenous peoples and to present specific action plans to control the infectious risk. The other perspective focuses on the Brazilian State's inability to deal with the indigenous reality. Beyond a case study, this work focuses on an overview of the situation and the current developments in order to present the challenges faced by indigenous peoples for a long time: one cannot address their health situation without looking back at the State policies towards them and their historical claims, first of all the claim to advance without delay the demarcation of their territories and the respect of the holistic view of indigenous peoples on their territories. The indigenous movement and its leaders have been spreading this political message for many years. It has not yet been given the international attention it deserves. The traditional territories that are so vital to indigenous peoples play a role in the balance of human life, and the capital that oppresses these peoples is now forcing everyone to think about the well-being and climate consequences of the destruction of the global biodiversity

Keywords: Peuples indigènes, Covid-19, Territoires, Indigenous peoples, Covid-19, Human rights, Territories, Povos indígenas, Covid-19, Territórios, Direitos Humanos