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This article analyzes the ethnolinguistic development of linguistic minority group members through the use of a macroscopic intergroup model which focuses on four different levels of analysis. The model shows how macrosocial factors influence microsocial factors that can be measured and analyzed at the individual level. The relationships between three types of ethnolinguistic socialization (enculturation, personal autonomization, conscientization) and various psycholinguistic variables are discussed and illustrated via a structural equation model that can be tested empirically. These models take into consideration factors that are related to social determinism and others that favour self-determination at the group and individual levels. Examples of research done with Francophone minority group members in Canada are presented. In conclusion, we introduce the concept of cultural autonomy which identifies factors related to language community revitalization in a minority context.

Keywords: Vitalité ethnolinguistique, identité, minorités linguistiques, bilinguisme, autodétermination, Ethnolinguistic vitality, identity, linguistic minorities, bilingualism, self-determination

AbstractCurrent literature indicates that the use of substances such as drugs and alcohol, particularly by youths, can lead to a state of vulnerability propitious to sexual assault, but that it is alcohol that has generally been linked to abuse. However, lack of recollection that can result from excessive consumption has been portrayed in the media as an effect of “date rape drugs”, such as GHB. Studies also suggest some links between rape myths acceptance and sexual assault. Therefore, the goals of the current study were to verify the perceptions held by college level students from the Montreal area in regards to substances linked to sexual assault. Possible relations between the existing rape myths and the frequency of substance abuse leading to amnesia were also explored. According to the youths who participated in the current study, GHB represent the drug most often linked to rape, even if alcohol was also identified. Moreover, results revealed that the group of youths who acknowledged often forgetting parts of an evening due to excessive use of drugs or alcohol tended to hold a greater amount of false beliefs regarding rape, in comparison to the others. Among our recommendations, we should explore the links between substance use and sexual assault to establish a causal relation between the two factors. Also, it would be beneficial to include information regarding the use of substances within the sexual assault prevention programs.

Keywords: agressions sexuelles, consommation de substances, drogues du viol, alcool, étudiants, collégial, sexual assault, substance use, date rape drugs, alcohol, college students, agresiones sexuales, consumo de sustancias psicotrópicas, drogas de la violación, alcohol, estudiantes, colegios postsecundarios de enseñanza general y profesional

The theme of sport has long remained an unexplored field of study – even, in fact, a “sub-culture” – due to its minimally “scientific” nature, its grassroots connotation and association with everyday life. However, sport and culture remain intrinsically linked because the former reveals specific facets of a society which fashions it and enables one to analyze the foundations and the evolution of our society. The study of sport heritage and the framing as heritage of sporting practices appears as new object for study, shedding light on the process whereby these cultural expressions are transmitted in time and space. These games or traditional sports become rooted in modernity through their development technically, institutionally and structurally, while, at the same time, expressing the values recognized by UNESCO in terms of the intangible cultural heritage.

The goal of this essay is to analyze the pro-feminist male's problematic and paradoxical political position, in his relation with women in general and feminists in particular. It starts by recalling very briefly some problems with the unconvincing involvement of some pro-feminist males at the end of the 19th century and during the 20th century. Then, and taking its cues from radical and materialist feminists such as Christine Delphy, it highlights the fact that even with the best intentions, pro-feminist males are still males, i.e. they are privileged as males. Therefore, it is suggested that pro-feminist males engage themselves in a process of 'disempowerment'. In reference to the distinction between "power over" (domination) and "power to" (capacity to act), disempowerment is defined as a process through which males should work on themselves to limit the power they have – individually and collectively – over women and over feminists. We conclude by recalling that despite their good faith, the involvement of pro-feminist males with female feminist activists is always potentially problematic. Beyond males' (good) intentions, it is through collective action that feminists can build relations of power that will push some males to become pro-feminist and limit the negative effects of males' involvement on their side.

This study aimed to understand the health-seeking behaviors of the child migrants, commonly known as Chokola, who live along the Uganda–Kenya border at the town of Busia. The study used qualitative data collection methods: in-depth interviews, life-histories, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. At the border, Chokola are accorded a marginal status and identity, limiting their health rights. Chokola face many health challenges, some of which arise from risky sexual behaviors and practices. Their health problems include gonorrhea, HIV, malaria, and cholera. The Chokola in our study exhibited specific health-seeking behaviors, with sniffing aviation fuel being the most pronounced. Although this practice was intended to alleviate common ailments and discomfort, it was also reported to have side effects ranging from loss of appetite to early death. Sniffing aviation fuel as a health-seeking behavior is a construction of individuals. Chokola constructions of the efficacy of aviation fuel are inculcated during socialization and are supported by a shared belief in the fuel as a panacea. Scientific views regarding the risks of side effects are irrelevant to them. In terms of access to health services, Chokola are vulnerable and require affirmative action and targeted interventions.

Keywords: sniffing, aviation fuel, Chokola

We argue that jokes are not just about the ha-ha and laughter, but they are a technology, and a medium that create an environment and they have a serious purpose. We examine the medium of the joke making particular use of the work of three scholars who made a serious effort to understand the phenomenon of the joke and humor, namely Sigmund Freud (1916) in his book Jokes and Their Relation to the Unconscious, Johan Huizinga (1971) in his book Homo Ludens and Marshall McLuhan (1964) in his book Understanding Media and his other writings. For Freud jokes like dreams are the medium to reach the unconscious mind. For Huizinga play, puns and games that are closely related to jokes are a universal aspect of human culture dating back to our very origin. For McLuhan jokes are about grievances and a way people deal with them.

Keywords: jokes, laughter, fun, humor, satire, comedy, practical joke, unconscious, play, grievances, medium, technology, Freud, Huizinga, McLuhan

In 2013, Giancarlo De Cataldo and Carlo Bonini published the novel Suburra. Between 2017 and 2020, streaming platform Netflix releases its first original Italian series, Suburra. La serie, a free adaptation of the book of the same name. Directed by Michele Placido, Andrea Molaioli and Giuseppe Capotondi, the three seasons are characterized by a dense script that interweaves complex plots around a triple criminal polarization: the interests of Roman traffickers, local political figures and high-ranking Vatican dignitaries are inextricably intertwined around the acquisition of land in Ostia, geographical symbols of hegemonic power. This article shows how, through the narrative choices made by its authors, the serial adaptation of Suburraconstitutes a richer and more ethically accomplished version than the original literary work. Indeed, the series challenges the crystallization of representations that characterized the novel, locking the characters into a good/evil dichotomy around which each of their actions was structured. Shaking up the systemic arrangement of the original diegesis, the series subtly works on interpersonal and institutional relationships, to open up a more human and ethical narrative of crime and the contemporary world.

Keywords: Subarra, Subarra, Rome, Rome, mafia, mafia, criminality, criminalité, De Cataldo, De Cataldo

SummaryThis paper deals with social theory in the aftermath of positivism. Three forms of contemporary theorizing are critically examinedfor their ontological assumptions which conflate structure and agency. Such conflation is transmitted via their respectiveexplanatory methodologies to the analyses of society associated with them. The final section suggests that social theorybased upon transcendental realism, i.e. acknowledging distinct emergent properties and powers characterizing structure andagency, and thus requiring a non-reductionist examination of their interplay, is the most promising path for furthering theorizingwhich gives purchase on major social issues.

SummaryThis paper sets out to examine the relationship between democracy, sovereignty and identity in contemporary Quebec. First, the sovereignty project is interpreted in relation to how modernity was understood in Quebec in the 1960s. Secondly, the individualization process serves as a starting point for understanding the identity transformations and their effects on democracy and the sovereignty project in the Quebec of the 1980s. Under what conditions is the linking of the community desire (identity) and democratic desire (autonomy) likely to come about? Following the course of the sovereignty project, the author attempts to better understand the complexity of links between democracy and identity within democratic modernity.

AbstractArt as cultural capital is central to the work of sociologists such as Pierre Bourdieu, and this concept is germane to the analysis of the art museum in contemporary society. Unlike educational attainment, taste in art is considered an individual matter with little social importance. I argue against this on the basis of Bourdieu's and Darbel's study of art museums publics; compare their findings with more recent research in Europe and the United States; and question whether the assertion of the relation of taste to social mobility has been proven. The art museum may become more of a leveler than a barrier to equality, but as long as education and occupational inequality exist, this remains a tenuous project.