Documents found
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41.More information
German theories and policies regarding the relationship between food and Jewish citizens of eastern Europe served as an important foundation of the Nazis’ Judenpolitik during the Holocaust (1933-45). The mass starvation of Jews in German-dominated Europe was the result of a carefully calculated policy to make the Jews pay for a long list of misfortunes they had allegedly inflicted on the Germans. This policy evolved from a highly restrictive and discriminatory approach toward German Jews, which unfolded against a backdrop of harsh food policies applied to the local non-Jewish population.
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42.More information
Auctioneers in eastem Prince County, Prince Edward Island are entertainers as well as salesmen. They continually interrupt their rhythmic speech to joke with their audiences. Though most of their wit is spontaneous, the auctioneer's use of humour is quite conscious and has pragmatic functions - to sell goods and to achieve social control over their audiences. This paper examines the use of humour by auctioneers of farm and household goods and shows how their humour reflects the values of their society.
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Cette thèse traite la représentation de Philon d’Alexandrie par rapport à la judéité dans les œuvres de Clément, Origène et Eusèbe, les trois premiers chrétiens à le mentionner explicitement dans leurs écrits existants. Aucun des premiers lecteurs de Philon chrétiens l’appellent ouvertement un juif. Grâce à une lecture détaillée de leurs descriptions de Philon et sa relation à la Bible hébraïque, le judaïsme contemporain et la tradition philosophique de Pythagore-platonicienne, je démontre les identités diverses qu’attribuent Clément, Origène et Eusèbe à Philo. Je soutiens que, malgré la compréhension supérieure des écritures hébraïques et le mode de vie de Philo étaient soulignés et chéris par ses lecteurs chrétiens, son identité y reste ambiguë. Cette ambigüité résulte partiellement de l’importance secondaire de l’interprétation littérale des écritures juives …
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Based upon a corpus of literary texts by Jewish authors born, or descendants of families that lived in North Africa and Egypt and that in the 1950s and 1960s migrated to Israel, France or Italy, the essay looks at nostalgia as a foundational trope in the Mediterranean Jewish historical imagination. Nostalgia is analyzed as a literary chronotope, that allows these writers to come to terms with a complex and ambivalent past while, at the same time, reflecting upon its repercussions on the postcolonial present and future. What comes out is an original archive of memories travelling across the Mediterranean, that while shedding light on the ruptures and continuities between colonial and postcolonial times, reflects on the possibilities of coexistence and reconciliation – or, on the other hand, on the cleavages – that still exist between Jews and Arabs, Europe and North Africa, the Diaspora and Israel.
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This paper presents findings from qualitative interviews with five Jewish people — two Rabbis and three workers in various community service capacities — about their understandings and practices of the Jewish principle of tikkun olam. Tikkun olam is a Hebrew phrase that means “the repair of the world,” has its roots in Rabbinic law, the Kabbalah and the ‘Aleinu prayer, and became a mainstream term for Jewish social justice work and community contribution in North America following the Shoah (Holocaust). In this study, participants spoke to the imperative to act and responsibility; external tikkun and internal tikkun; collectivity and interconnectedness; the presence of Jewish history in their work, particularly in the case of the Holocaust; and the spiritual dimension of working with people. This study was undertaken with a narrative approach, to honour and preserve understandings of tikkun olam across Jewish communities. This study indicates the continuing influence of tikkun olam in settings both within and outside the Jewish community. Potential future areas of research are the role of spirituality in social workers' commitment to social justice and the commitment expressed by several participants to work with Aboriginal people based on a shared history of cultural genocide.
Keywords: Tikkun olam, spirituality, social work, Jewish philosophy, Holocaust, Tikkoun olam, spiritualité, travail social, philosophie juive, holocauste
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50.More information
Early Christians had no single, shared perception of Jews and of Judaism. For some, Jews are demonic, while for others, they provide access to heaven’s blessings. It appears difficult to account for such variation in theological terms alone. Rather, distinctive social patterns extant in Late Antique Christianity better explain either the abhorrence of, or fascination with, Jews and Judaic rites. One such social pattern characterizes emergent Roman orthodoxy. Another reflects an earlier, more decentralized Christianity which persisted alongside the former well into the late 4th century, if not beyond. For each type of Christian community the characterization of jews is shown to “fit” the group’s “mapping” (1) of the loci of the sacred and (2) of social order and authority. These congruences help render each mapping cogent—and with them, the perceptions of Jews and Judaism.