Documents found
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1471.More information
During the Congolese transition towards democracy, there has been a rebirth of song as a mirror of current events. Whether traditional, religious, worldly, or popular, songs are omnipresent at political gatherings of ail sorts. As a kind of enacted rite of passage, they allow political battles to be ritualized. The social religious song has taken up a considerable amount of space in this renewal. Its use of politics has, surprisingly, made it even more popular than the modem Congolese song. Collective tasks at hand, the poverty of the nation, changes in ethics and mores, political confrontation, demands for human rights and democratic values are all themes that songs of the transition period have broadly covered. Analysis of the songs shows that the language used is often metaphorical. What cannot be said outright is signified indirectly, and the technique of retrogression occurs frequently. This use of song shows that those who work in the industry have become aware of the social role that is incumbent upon them. The repertoire and its utilization allow the people and the artistes to appropriate a new framework for understanding society in the past and organizing society in the future.
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1474.More information
This study focuses on the figure of the fairy in the work of Michel Leiris, drawing on fairy tales but especially on chivalric romances. By distinguishing two medieval figures of the fairy (the lover and the godmother), it is easy to see that Leiris, in L'Âge d'homme, refers to the first one as an ambiguous sexual creature, at once enchanting and destructive. But traces of the latter can be found in Fibrilles, in which one chapter is organised around the story of a failed suicide attempt. When he wakes up, the writer is visited by the memory of his aunt Claire Friché, a famous singer. Redoubled by other female figures (nurses, etc.) who surround the convalescent, she accompanies the man who seems to have become a newborn again in his return to life, encouraging him to continue his interrupted work; by symbolically giving him the gift of speech, she thus appears as a benevolent fairy, a godmother to his rebirth.
Keywords: autobiographie, merveilleux, mythe, conte, fée, amante, marraine, suicide, renaissance, intertextualité, autobiography, supernatural, myth, tale, fairy, lover, godmother, suicide, rebirth, intertextuality
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1475.More information
Research Framework : In Taiwan, parents are increasingly concerned about their childen’s future and deliberately invest in their future competitiveness. In a highly competitive environment where female beauty can bring many material and immaterial benefits, mothers are encouraged to transmit some aesthetic values and behaviors to their daughters. Objective : This paper aims to analyze the little-studied phenomenon of the transmission of beauty care by mothers to their daughters in the Taiwanese neoliberal context. Methodology : To do so, we mobilized a qualitative methodology based upon 70 semi-structured interviews and participant observation in Taiwan between 2014 and 2017. Results : Our research showed that, in order to maximize their chances of success in their personal, marital, professional and social life, beauty is seen by women as a decisive asset. Mothers are then held accountable to teach their daughters to take care of their physical appearance. Three dominant themes emerged from the participants’ comments regarding this aesthetic training: moderating or reducing the appetite, having white skin, having a cute behavior and appearance. Conclusions : The skills necessary for aesthetic work are learned from deliberate investment. Mothers have the responsability for this aesthetic training. This gendered and generational dimension of the training of future "aesthetic entrepreneurs" is decisive, but often invisibilized in discussions of neoliberal individualism. Contributions : Our research allows us to understand the new gendered modalities of parenting in a context where the children are considered as human capital in the making.
Keywords: beauté, maternité, pratiques alimentaires, néolibéralisme, Taïwan, capital humain, entrepreneure de l’esthétique, beauty, motherhood, eating attitude, neoliberalism, Taiwan, human capital, aesthetic entrepreneur, belleza, maternidad, prácticas alimentarias, neoliberalismo, Taiwán, capital humano, emprendedora de la estética.
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1477.More information
Images that we can make about languages, cultures, and speakers result from a construction process between different historical, social, and cultural circumstances. The images are constructed individually, and then they become part of social imagination. These ideas are circulated in society in many different ways; they influence individuals' behaviors when they communicate with other speakers. In this paper, we are interested in language, culture, and speakers' images: historical images and imaginary hierarchies are exposed. This is part of a qualitative investigation done within two Ph.D. theses. We conducted interviews with young Mexican teachers to talk about their experiences in learning foreign languages and their thoughts about the languages they speak.
Keywords: images, imaginaires linguistiques, FLE, héritage, Mexique, imaginary, foreign languages, hierarchies, legacy, Mexico
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1478.More information
This study focuses on the communicative strategies that Dieudonné and Grillo use in their public discourse. Both the Italian and the French leader have been comedians, and have recently become protagonists of public debates in their countries. Both of them exploit the Web to spread their polemical discourses, which have proven to be viral in the era of liberalization of obscene language, insults, cries, and provocative gestures against the establishment. The polemical ethos which characterizes Grillo's and Dieudonne's discourses tend to become more and more violent, and to acquire features typical of the pamphlet. This study shows that their well-organized rhetoric has been able to awaken a negative pathos in their followers, who appreciate their new and more modern forms of authority. That is why they become all-out supporters and easily tend to adhere to new ideologies, which become viral due to the new media.
Keywords: analisi del discorso, discorso polemico, lingua della politica, autorità, vecchi e nuovi media, discourse analysis, polemics, political discourse, authority, traditional and new media
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1479.More information
How do we distinguish socially legitimate singularities (differences, dissimilarities, extravagances, etc.) from disturbing figures of disorder (deviations, pathologies, anomies, etc.) who activate the “invisible hand of intervention” (psychologists, doctors, social workers, sociologists, etc.)? What are the normative conditions of astonishment, concern, and indignation that mobilize sociologists (and other “logists”)? How do we switch from the series “observe, understand, and let be” to “worry, analyze, and intervene”? We will develop our argument in five steps: 1) distinguish two elementary forms of the conditions of attention (resemblance and analysis) when it comes to apprehending an unknown phenomenon; 2) sketch the characteristics of a space of order in terms of liminal functions (possible–impossible, thinkable–unthinkable, etc.) and interfaces (human–nonhuman, conforming–deviant, etc.); 3) problematize the “obviousness” of the new space of order around emotion and intersectionality; 4) describe how “the invisible hand of intervention” distinguishes the statuses of “abnormal” (pathology, problem, deviance, etc.) and “anomalous” (difference, dissimilarity, diversity, etc.) to “classify” the different phenomena; and, finally, 5) list some contemporary characteristics of our “sociological way of reading” the “problematic social” universe, that is, our specific way of “paying attention” to the social.
Keywords: problèmes sociaux, intervention sociale, déviance, émotion, intersectionnalité, social problems, social intervention, deviance, emotion, intersectionality