Documents found
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156.More information
The latest episodes of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict bring further evidence that this conflict cannot be understood solely in political terms. In this paper, we review a significant set of psychological scientific articles that specifically examine this conflict, and we argue that such psychological insights may renew perspectives towards its understanding and, perhaps, resolution. After having set the issue in our introduction, we proceed in three steps, which correspond to the three kinds of insights that we argue could be gained from psychology. First, we consider the perceptions of the conflict by its actors. Second, we consider the dynamics of identity and aggressive behaviour. Third, we consider the effects of violence on mental health. Eventually, a conclusion sums up these insights and opens up the debate.
Keywords: conflit israélo-palestinien, psychologie, violence, revue de littérature, Israeli-Palestinian conflict, psychology, violence, literature review
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157.More information
Since 2006, the Conservative government has consistently supported the state of Israel. This support creates a lot of controversy because it is interpreted as a break with the traditional Canadian position on the Israel-Palestine conflict. In this paper, we examine the position of Conservatives Joe Clark and Brian Mulroney, in order to evaluate how the Conservatives' current position, under Harper, is different from those of the past. Finally, the paper reviews the explanations that have been suggested to understand the current Conservative support and we conclude that if there is break, there is also some continuity between Harper and other Conservatives.
Keywords: Stephen Harper, Brian Mulroney, Joe Clark, Parti conservateur, Israël, antisémitisme, Stephen Harper, Brian Mulroney, Joe Clark, Conservative Party, Israel, antisemitism, Stephen Harper, Brian Mulroney, Joe Clark, Partido Conservador, Israel, antisemitismo
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158.More information
Despite Us increasing weight in the global System, the international repercussions of Saudi petro-power are very under-researched. This study starts with a critical evaluation of the literature on the underdeveloped study of underdeveloped countries. The author then elaborates his research framework, defines and operationalizes his main concepts, and explicits two main hypotheses concerning the international status and the political role of Saudi Arabia. The study proceeds then to empirical verification. Eight tables, data analysis of recent Saudi international initiatives, and some interviews with Saudi and U.S. policy makers support the author's thesis : Saudi political elite works actively to maintain the basic structures of the contemporary global System.
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159.More information
The formulation of a policy that will satisfy several values and interests more or less compatible is a classic problem of political decision making. This phenomenon by which there can be, in a foreign policy issue for example, several divergent values and interests was named value-complexity by Alexander George. When facing a value complexity problem, a decision maker must choose some values and some interests over others. The choice he makes will not necessarily be the one made by other decision makers. This can result in a serious impediment to the decision making process. The American foreign policy towards the Middle East faced, for the major part of the Cold War era, a value-complexity problem because it looked to reconcile four hard-to reconcile values and interests. The Reagan government was confronted rather acutely with this problem in the making of its Iranian policies. The administration was split in at least two factions over Iran : one who thought primarily of containing the Soviet Union in the Middle East region and the other for whom the political stability of moderate regimes threatened by revolutionnary Iran should be the most important priority. The existence of these factions, consequence of value-complexity, produced the making and the implementation of two distinct Iranian policies.