Abstracts
Abstract
The suitability of Carboniferous sandstones in three regions of the Maritime Provinces of Canada for geological carbon storage was evaluated: the Horton Bluff Formation in the Windsor Sub-basin, the lower Cumberland Group sandstones in the Cumberland–Sackville Sub-basin, and the Pennsylvanian sandstones of Prince Edward Island. The properties of potential reservoirs and characteristics of vertical seals and barriers to lateral migration were evaluated using previously collected well logs, sample descriptions, core analyzes and seismic interpretations. Reservoir quality was found to be the limiting factor in all three regions. Sandstones in the upper Hurd Creek Member of the Horton Bluff Formation locally have porosities up to 15% and permeabilities up to 25 milliDarcies at depths up to 1200 m. Their aggregate thickness may be suitable for GCS, but individual sandstones are thin and likely of limited lateral extent. The lower Cumberland Group contains sand-dominated successions up to 1 km thick with low porosity (5–7%) where known in the subsurface. Sandstone bodies in the Bradelle, Green Gables, and Cable Head formations beneath Prince Edward Island exceed tens of meters in thickness with porosities averaging up to 10–12% and permeabilities up to 10 milliDarcies. Evaporites in the overlying Windsor Group would provide a suitable seal for the Horton Bluff Formation; in other areas the top seal would be provided by mud-prone heterolithic intervals. The evaluated areas may provide opportunities for small onshore storage projects. Further work is warranted to delineate reservoir trends and verify the integrity of potential top seals and traps.
Résumé
On a évalué l’utilité des grès carbonifères pour le stockage géologique du carbone (SGC) dans trois régions des provinces maritimes canadiennes : la Formation Horton Bluff dans le sous-bassin de Windsor, les grès de la partie inférieure du Groupe Cumberland dans le sous-bassin de Cumberland–Sackville et les grès pennsylvaniens de l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard. Les propriétés des réservoirs potentiels et les caractéristiques des barrières et des sections d’obturation verticales de la migration latérale ont été évaluées à l’aide de diagraphies précédemment obtenues, de descriptions d’échantillons, d’analyses de carottes et d’interprétations sismiques. On a constaté que la qualité des réservoirs constituait le facteur limitant dans les trois régions. Les grès de la partie supérieure du Membre Hurd Creek de la Formation Horton Bluff ont par endroits des porosités jusqu’à 15 % et des perméabilités jusqu’à 25 millidarcys à des profondeurs pouvant atteindre 1 200 m. Leur épaisseur globale pourrait convenir pour le SGC, mais les grès individuels sont minces et probablement d’une étendue latérale limitée. La partie inférieure du Groupe Cumberland renferme des successions à prédominance de sable de 1 km d’épaisseur à faible porosité (5 à 7 %) dans les sections où elle est connue en subsurface. Des masses dans les formations Bradelle, Green Gables et Cable Head sous l’Île-du-Prince-Édouard ont plus de dizaines de mètres d’épaisseur avec des porosités moyennes de 10 à 12 % et des perméabilités moyennes jusqu’à 10 millidarcys. Les évaporites dans le groupe sus-jacent de Windsor représenteraient un volet d’obturation qui conviendrait pour la Formation Horton Bluff; dans d’autres endroits, la section d’obturation supérieure serait constituée d’intervalles hétérolithiques à prédominance de boue. Les secteurs évalués pourraient offrir des possibilités de petits projets de stockage côtier; d’autres travaux sont nécessaires pour délimiter les orientations des réservoirs et vérifier l’intégrité des sections d’obturation et des pièges supérieurs éventuels.
Appendices
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