Documents found
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273.
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274.More information
ABSTRACT This article analyses the local effects of Pechiney Ugine Kuhlman's restructuring in one of its own industrial sites : Dives S/Mer in the Caen area in Calvados (Normandy). P.U.K. Corporation like all the important industrial corporations has lead, in 1983 a restructuring policy on a wide scale in order to adjust itself to the economic recession that we have known since 1974. From the decisions which were taken in 1983, the birth and the growing of P.U.K. Corp. 's strategy have been built up and analyse since 1976, as well as after its nationalisation in 1981 : policy of products, of plants and capital transfers. What have the consequences of nationalisation been on P.U.K. Corp. 's strategy ? Are there any alternative policies to these strategies of restructuring ? This artice tries to give some answers to these questions.
Keywords: Transnational enterprises, Industrial restructuration, Normandy, Multinationale, Basse-Normandie, Restructuration industrielle
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275.More information
ABSTRACT This article analyses the local effects of Pechiney Ugine Kuhlman's restructuring in one of its own industrial sites : Dives S/Mer in the Caen area in Calvados (Normandy). P.U.K. Corporation like all the important industrial corporations has lead, in 1983 a restructuring policy on a wide scale in order to adjust itself to the economic recession that we have known since 1974. From the decisions which were taken in 1983, the birth and the growing of P.U.K. Corp. 's strategy have been built up and analyse since 1976, as well as after its nationalisation in 1981 : policy of products, of plants and capital transfers. What have the consequences of nationalisation been on P.U.K. Corp. 's strategy ? Are there any alternative policies to these strategies of restructuring ? This artice tries to give some answers to these questions.
Keywords: Transnational enterprises, Industrial restructuration, Normandy, Multinationale, Basse-Normandie, Restructuration industrielle
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276.More information
This paper explores the Multi-party Interim Appeal Arbitration Arrangement Pursuant to Article 25 of the Dispute Settlement Understanding (hereafter the “MPIA”), aimed at overcoming the paralysis of the Appellate Body of the World Trade Organization. Following a brief historical overview, the MPIA and its annexes will first be outlined. Subsequently, the MPIA will be analyzed in the light of “classic” dispute settlement, and some questions of judicial policy raised by this provisional arrangement will be identified. Albeit mirroring in many ways the proceedings before the Appellate Body, the MPIA incorporates recommendations from the Walker process, which envisaged various solutions to the complaints of certain Members against the Appellate Body.
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277.More information
The short term projection of tables of financial transactions.This article describes in detail the technique of projection of tables of financial transactions used in connection with economic budgets. Its object, in addition to a purely methodological description, is to show that the table of financial transactions is not limited to being a convenient frame for the accounting and interpretation of financial flows, but that it can also validly be used prospectively to explore future financial problems and thus contribute towards an enlightened choice of economic policy in this field. So far as possible, the description follows the approach adopted in practice in making these projections. Two major stages are thus distinguished : — the introduction of the exogenous elements which form the starting point of the projection ; these are the financial balances reconciling the Table of Financial Transactions and the Overall Economic Table, the supply of funds by non-financial economic transactors and the complete equilibrium of external accounts and most of the general government agencies for which special information is available, justifying an autonomous projection ; — the second stage is the general completion of the Table ; this phase describes how the other items are projected, by the simultaneous effect of the constraints of consistency imposed by the accounting framework itself, and the relations of interdependence of various kinds introduced to take account of what is known about behaviour, institutional rules and structures, the combination of which allows the progressive tying up of all the transactors' accounts and the balancing of all the transactions. The last part deals with the interpretation of results : its object is, first, to show to what extent financial projection, by revealing the existence of strains, makes it possible to test the plausibility of the physical balances shown in the economic budget, and, secondly, to assess the practical value of the instrument both for the guidance of financial policy and for studying the effects of a given policy. The article concludes with the need to construct an integrated projection model embodying economic, financial and monetary behaviours in their mutual interdependence.
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