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8333.
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8334.
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8336.More information
Industrial labour costs in the common market countries. This survey presents in detail the results of the last inquiry published by the E.E.C. into labour costs, made in 1964 and covering the same industries as in 1961. It appears that, in the thirteen industries covered by this inquiry, operative wage costs are 10 % or more above French costs in the majority of German industries and about half the Belgian industries, while costs close to the French costs are observed in half the Netherlands industries and almost all Italian industries. But in view of the fact that wage costs for clerical staff are most frequently below French costs, the classification of aggregate wage costs (operatives and clerical staff combined) on the whole shows levels which are most frequently fairly close to French costs, and sometimes below them. The summary of the results of the last three inquiries published (1962, 1963 and 1964) grouping 35 to 37 manufacturing industries, also shows a greater frequency in Germany of operative wage costs more than 10 % higher than French costs, whereas the other countries most frequently show neighbouring costs. But if aggregate wage costs (operatives and clerical staff) are looked at, the situation is appreciably different ; in the majority of Italian industries and about half of Belgian and Netherlands industries, aggregate costs are below French costs, while in Germany industries are almost equally divided between higher, equal and lower costs compared with French costs. The classification of estimated operative wage costs for 1966 seems to show levels more than 10 % higher than those in France in nearly all German industries and more than half of Belgian and Dutch industries ; in Italy two-thirds of industries show costs close to French costs. On the basis of the estimated levels of operative wage costs, and making various assumptions as to the relative behaviour of aggregate costs (operatives and clerical staff) an attempt has been made to arrive at a very approximate classification of aggregate wage costs in 1966. They might be, in Germany, Belgium and the Netherlands, fairly close to French costs in about half the industries, the proportion approaching two thirds in Italy ; whereas nearly half the German industries and about one third of Belgian and Netherlands industries would be classified as having higher costs than French costs ; industries in this group would remain rare in Italy where about one fourth of the industries would retain aggregate costs below the French costs.
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8337.
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8338.More information
Job creation programmes in the public sector came into being with the Depression, that is during a period of reorganization of capitalism. Although it is not always explicit, these programmes are particularly oriented towards youth.The recently introduced ''programme for the creation of employment in the non-market sector" institutionalizes the previous programme known as the "Special Temporary Framework". Like its predecessor, the new programme is meant to encourage activities in the public interest and concerns only those receiving unemployment insurance benefits. This institutionalization of a network of "alternative" occupations may be an indication of a growing "dualization" within the public sector and eventually within the society as a whole.At the same time, the constraints imposed on the relationship between the supply and demand for employment on the one hand and the type of employment offered by the job-creation programmes on the other tend to create a situation in which the State, through its employment policies, contributes to the weakening of the traditional salary relationship.
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8340.More information
Between November 2021 and March 2022, the Enquête sur les services jeunesse dans les bibliothèques publiques du Québec (Survey on Youth Services in Quebec Public Libraries) was held. The purpose of this survey was to paint a portrait of youth services offered in the province's public libraries, by seeking to define more precisely, on the one hand, the youth audiences themselves as well as the services offered to them, and, on the other hand, the training, characteristics, skills, and responsibilities of the providers of these services. This article, in the same vein as the author's presentation at the recent Congrès des professionnels.le.s de l'information 2022, presents more specifically the results of this survey, which focus on collaboration in Quebec public library youth services, particularly in terms of the types of partners, the impact of collaborations, youth programs, including family literacy and off-site programs, socio-community involvement and collaborative environments.