McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1940

The state of aggregation of the molecules in a liquid is a problem which has not yet been solved. In a gas it universally considered that there is a random distribution of the molecules, the kinetic energy of the molecules being sufficient to over come any forces of attraction between the atoms or molecules of the gas. In the solid state on the contrary, there is a definite structure. Each atomoccupies a definite position in a crystal lattice, these small units of structure being arranged in a definite manner to make up a larger crystal, which may or may not …  Read more

The purpose of this investigation has been to examine the literature on manganese deposits of Canada and to find out what the mode of occurrence of these deposits suggests as to origin. By the study of all of the deposits certain relationships have been indicated by their geographical and geological distribution and their mineralogy. The deposits of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick have been the most fruitful in this respect. The economic possibilities of the manganese occurrences have been investigated.  Read more

This thesis is essentially a report on the work done on War Research projects during the past year. It consists of two parts: A. The Combustion of Hydrocarbons and Pollution of the Atmosphere to Render Automotive Equipment Inactive. B. The Synthesis of Divinyl Sulfide from Acetylene. Work was started during the fall of 1939 on the Oxidation of Hydrocarbon - Alcohol mixtures, but was early discontinued in favor of a war research project, the Synthesis of Divinyl Sulfide. This problem developed into a long time project and was temporarily abandoned in favor of the problem on the Combustion of Hydrocarbons …  Read more

The European spruce sawfly, Diprion polytomum, was first discovered in America in an active outbreak in the Gaspé Peninsula in the fall of 1930. The population density and wide distribution of the insect, as well as the ring pattern of spruce trees, indicated that the insect had been present in large numbers for several years prior to 1930. SubseQuently, museum specimens taken near Ottawa in 1922 and in New Hampshire in 1929 were identified as D. polytomum, showing that the species had a wide distribution throughout eastern North America before its discovery in the relatively inaccessible interior of the Gaspé …  Read more

Classical organic chemistry was inclined to consider dimerisation - the initial step of polymerisation - as involving two fundamentally different processes. The first treated of those unions wherein the component atoms were bound in the same manner as in the monomolecular substance. By this process rings of four, six, or eight carbon atoms were postulated as being-formed, through a valence redistribution. This was termed the true polymerisation process. The second class concerned those combinations whose formation involved a shift of atoms. Such were called condensing, or linear polymerisations. [...]  Read more

Pinacolyltrimethylammonium hydroxide has been found to yield on decomposition at both 30° in vacuo, and at 100- 1600, a single pure olefin, tert.-butylethylene. This is the first time the mechanism of Ingold and co-workers for such decompositions has been tested in a convincing way. The absence of rearranged products, and of saturated or cyclic hydrocarbons indicates unequivocally that the decomposition proceeds, not through free radical formation, but by expulsion of a proton, probably induced by preliminary hydrogen bonding, followed by rupture of the carbon-nitrogen bond. This same mechanism has been successfully extended to the decomposition of xanthate esters.  Read more

Je me propose de traiter dans cette thèse du Satanisme dans les oeuvres des auteurs modernes,de Chateaubriand à Georges Bernanos. Le champ limite de notre étude ne nous permettra que de nous arrêter aux écrivains les plus représentatifs du Satanisme littéraire, et de faire ressortir la conception diabolique propre à chaque époque. Nous essaierons de démontrer que le Satanisme du dix-neuvième siècle est purement littéraire surtout chez les romantiques. Avec Baudelaire et Huysmans, il revêt un caractère plus réel, et, de nos jours,avec Georges Bernanos,nous avons un Satanisme plus positif. Ce dernier écrivain mérite bien le titre d'écrivain diabolique; il …  Read more

Field, laboratory, and greenhouse investigations were conducted on wilt and root rot of red clover. Repeated isolations from tissues in various stages of disease yielded 3 important fungi:- Verticillium albo-atrum, Fusarium avenaceum, and Sclerotinia trifoliorum. Temperature and pH relationships of these fungi in pure culture are reported. Substances produced by the fungi in a liquid medium were shown to be toxic to red clover. Inoculation experiments vTith the 3 fungi were performed. Each was found pathogenic under certain conditions.  Read more

Eighteen lines of the normal spectrum of zinc have been observed at fields of lOO KV per cm. These lines led to the detection of three displaced 3S levels, and seven displaced 3D levels. Three electric combination lines were observed, two of which were displaced toward the red in the field. Although the classification of these lines is not definitely known, one of them suggests that the higher 3p0 terms are displaced by the field. Four lines of the spectrum of zinc II were observed. These lines are not displaced in the field.  Read more

Concrete is a physico-chemical mixture of water, cement and aggregates. The water and cement combine by the process of hydration, and this combination binds the aggregates together into a solid mass. The resulting product is hard, durable, strong in compression and shear, but very weak in tension and, when not reinforced, can be adapted for use only as relatively massive members to be subjected to compression. But in combination with steel rods properly placed to resist the tensile stresses, concrete can be used for all types of structures. In the construction of huge dams and buildings it has proved its …  Read more

The great progress in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries gave the field of chemical equilibrium a great impetus; these considerations, however, deal only with probability states, and, moreover, are static in treatment; thus no fundamental knowledge was forthcoming of the interaction processes by which the actual chemical change took place. Chemical kinetics, however, With the emphasis on the characteristics of the reaction is the connecting link; and together with the knowledge obtained from thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, forms an efficient mode of attack. [...]  Read more

Chemical compounds containing the indole nucleus are distributed widely in nature, and available evidence indicates that they play important roles in the metabolism of plants and animals. The most important of these compounds is tryptophane, an amino acid, which was isolated first by Hopkins and Cole (82) in 1901, from a pancreatic digest of casein. [...]  Read more

1. A modified Lo Surdo tube has been used to investigate Stark effect in metals. 2. Stark effect has been observed in copper in the region 6500-2600 and in nickel for the region 4500-2600 A.U. The maximum field strengths were in excess of 250 kV./cm. 3. Eighty-one lines were photographed in nickel, all of which were found to be undisplaced. 4. Thirty-five copper lines were photographed, of which 17 are displaced. The Stark effect increases fairly rapidly with increasing term number. 5. Several corrections are made to the observations of previous investigators in this field. 6. Displaced and undisplaced levels …  Read more

Cellulose is the basic constituent of all plant life, and the most important of all organic industrial raw materials. In line with the great diversity of its sources, cellulose or different origins was formerly considered to vary somewhat in its constitution, but largely through the investigations of Heuser (1) and other workers, it is now generally accepted that cellulose is the same chemical individual, irrespective of its source. Previous to a review of the work pertaining to specific volume measurements it might be well to give a survey of the physical properties of cellulose, especially those which concern the relationships …  Read more

The history of biography shows that biographies reflect the tastes and ideals of different ages. "Over no form of literary composition have the requirements of the reading public exercised so marked and immediate an influence. The development of biography is primarily the development of the taste for biography." The Greeks were not interested in personality as we understand it. They concentrated upon deeds and theories. Plutarch was concerned with the era in which his men lived; in his works the times are brought out and the individual stands in the background. Roman biographical literature reflects that civilisation's preoccupation with truth …  Read more

An attempt has been made to present a comprehensive review of the different factors relating to the phenomenon of ketosis. Particular emphasis has been placed on the mechanism of the origin of acetone bodies, as well as on the site of their formation and utilization. The more salient points relevant to the controversial subject of the relationship of the endocrine glands to ketosis have also been discussed. A study has been made of the effects on fat, carbohydrate and protein metabolism following the administration to mice {dba) of certain extracts of the anterior pituitary gland. It has been observed that …  Read more

As an introduction to this work, it is pertinent to include a short discussion of the nature and the action of some of the more common acid and neutral cooking liquors on wood. The nature of the action of calcium bisulphite liquor is outlined in particular and a comparison between it and the other cooking liquors is made. The possible advantages to be derived from the use of sodium bisulphite cooking liquor instead of the other industrially used cooking liquors is mentioned. Providing a method of recovery can be developed, the industrial importance of sodium bisulphite cooking liquor is apparent, …  Read more

In recent years the three outstanding causes of death among the acute communicable diseases of childhood, diphtheria, measles and whooping cough, have received a considerable amount of attention by research workers. Advances have been made with respect to prophylaxis and treatment in diphtheria and to a much less extent in measles. Whooping cough, however, has not shared in this-advance so satisfactorily. The lack of unanimity of opinion concerning the use of vaocines for active immunity and sera for passive immunity has led to a general apathy in regard to any attempt to conduct a systematic campaign toward the conquest of …  Read more

Cellulosic materials have been and are of great and varied use in the world today. They form the major portion of all plant growth. In reality, cellulose is the backbone of plant structure. Since it occurs in such immense quantities and is comparatively inactive chemically, it is of utmost importance in our commercial life, forming as it does, the mainstay of the pulp, paper and textile industries. Its modified forms are used in a wide array of products from rayon silk and celluloid to high explosives. In any investigation into the properties of cellulosic substances and their relation to water, …  Read more

En abordant un tel sujet, il importe d'insister sur la complexité et la multiplicité des circonstances qui en forment la base. Nous désirons faire ressortir les conditions dans lesquelles se forme la législation ouvrière dans un pays neuf qui subit les épreuves de l'industrialisation. Pour connaître le "climat" qui existait lors de cette naissance, examinons de façon sommaire le développement économique et politique du Canada, en réservant une attention toute particulière à la province de Québec. [...]  Read more

The Canadian Malartic, East Malartic, Sladen Malartic, Rand Malartic and Malartic Gold Fields properties are situated in Fourniere Township, Abitibi County, Que. All are within three miles of the Fourniere-Malartic boundary. Canadian Malartic is approximately midway between the east and west boundaries of Fourniere Township from where the properties extend eastward, in the order named, to Dubuisson Township. [...]  Read more

The lower members of the fatty acid series are quite conductive when they are dissolved in a material, like water, which has a high dielectric constant. Thwing (1) attempted to measure the entire range of binary mixtures of acetic acid in water but encountered considerable difficulty in making oapacitance measurement because of the conductance effect. Mixtures containing less than 30% acetic acid gave the most uncertain results. These dielectric constants were measured by the bridge method whioh is suitable for conductive materials. Dielectric constants of aqueous solutions of various electrolytes have been determined largely by the resonance and the Furth …  Read more

Experimental investigations of suggestion and suggestibility have been frequent ever since the last decade of the nineteenth century when research began almost simultaneously in the United States, France and Germany. Since then, suggestibility has been studied by workers in various fields: abnormal psychology, social psychology, sociology and individual differences. The exponents of the Nancy theory of hypnosis, who consider that the hypnotic trance is a "state of heightened suggestibility," of course studied suggestibility as an abnormal phenomenon. Murphy and Murphy (231, p.5) writing as social psychologists consider that the experimental study of suggestion marked the beginning of experimental social psychology. …  Read more

Nicholls, R. (Supervisor)  Read more

Dieses Gestaendnis machte einst Conrad Ferdinand Meyer seiner Schwester Betsy und tatsaechlich verlief Conrad Ferdinand Meyers Leben recht ungleichartig. Denken wir uns seinen Lebenslauf plastisch wie den Umriss der von Meyer so geliebten Alpengipfel, so steht der junge Conrad als vielversprechendes, lebhaftes Kind zuerst auf einer anscheinend sanft ansteigenden Hochflaeche. Ploetzlich befindet er sich aber, im siebten Lebensjabre am Rande eines erst langsam dann staerker abfallenden Abhanges. Im 20. Jahre sehen wir den jungen Menschen auf einem weiteren stark abschuessigen Wag, um sich zwischen dam 27. und 31. Jahre 1n einer tiefen, dunklen Kluft zu befinden. Dann hebt ein muehevoller,steiler …  Read more

In recent years the Science of Nutrition has made tremendous strides. It has at last been recognized that our diet affects significantly our physical as well as our psychological well being. Although a great deal of work has been done on diets from the physiological standpoint, very few investigations have been concerned specifically with a psychological approach. The present experiment is designed to study an aspect of the Science of Nutrition from the psyohological approach. While this undertaking was not concerned specifically with either the sciences of Psychology or Nutrition, it was an attempt to experiment in that region where …  Read more