McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1997

Smoking cessation leads to weight gain but the reason for this gain is not clearly established. The objective of this study was to compare the mean change in dietary intake among quitters and non-quitters enrolled in a smoking cessation program. Mean dietary intake was measured using 24-hour recall over the telephone at baseline and 6 weeks after the scheduled 'quit date'. Baseline data were obtained from 177 subjects and 130 (73%) were recontacted with complete data. There were 47 quitters (27%). The mean self-reported weight gain among the quitters and non-quitters was 2.4 kg +/- 3.1 and 0.04 kg +/- …  Read more

The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the role of the oligosaccharides of Class II MHC glycoproteins in allostimulation. Plasma membranes (PM) from the Daudi cell line were chemically deglycosylated using anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (HF). Subsequently, native and deglycosylated (dgl) Class II MHC molecules were affinity purified from their respective PM and inserted into the PM of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) which were used as stimulators in the mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR). Stimulator and responder cells were from the same donor. Both forms of the antigen were found to elicit a proliferative and cytolytic (CML) response but the dgl …  Read more

A small addition of elements with a high affinity to oxygen can have a profound effect on the high temperature oxidation behaviour of many metals and alloys. In order to explain the improvement in oxidation resistance, the research was conducted using Ni-NiO as a model system of cation-diffusing oxides, and Ce as a typical reactive element. Three essential techniques were employed to modify the surface of Ni with Ce and CeO2: ion implantation, sol-gel technology, and reactive sputtering. The improvement of Ni oxidation resistance was assessed by oxygen uptake measurements mainly during the early stages but also for long-term exposures …  Read more

An experimental and theoretical study of the fundamentals of the vapour phase synthesis of ultrafine aluminum nitride (AIN) particles using thermal plasma was carried out. The study used the concept of a transferred-arc reactor which produces AlN ultrafine powders in two stages: evaporation of aluminum (Al) metal by the transferred-arc in non nitriding conditions; and the reaction between Al vapour and ammonia (NH3) in a separate tubular reactor. A new version of this reactor concept was built in which the transferred-arc chamber and tubular reactor were vertically aligned. This reactor design allowed the study of both radial and axial mixing …  Read more

Let f be a cusp form of weight 2 and level N. Let K be an imaginary quadratic field of discriminant, --D, and A an ideal class of K. We obtain precise formulas for the special values of the L-functions associated to the Rankin convolution of f and a theta series associated to the ideal class A , in terms of the Petersson scalar product of f with the theta series associated to an Eichler order in a positive definite quaternion algebra. Our work is an extension of the work done by Gross [7]. The central tools used in this …  Read more

The effects of composition, pressure and oxygen fugacity on partition coefficients between amphibole and hydrous basaltic melt were studied at 1.5 to 2.5 GPa and 1000 to 1130°C. Partition coefficients (D i = concentration of element i in amphibole/concentration of i in melt) of large-ion-lithophile elements (LILE: Rb, Sr, Ba), high-field-strength elements (HFSE: Y, Zr, Nb, Ta, Hf), and rare-earth elements (REE: La to Lu) were determined between amphiboles and coexisting quenched melts created by partial crystallization of seven different starting compositions in a piston-cylinder high-pressure apparatus. Trace elements were analyzed by laser-ablation, microprobe inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (LAM-ICP-MS). The …  Read more

A Proximity Sensor Network (PSN) consisting of four Infra-Red (IR) sensors was developed in order to track, grasp or manipulate objects with robots. The work is motivated by the need for local high bandwidth sensors at the robot's end effector to provide feedback during the pre-contact stage. Two types of amplitude based IR sensors were designed, an "Electrically Biased Sensor" (EBS) and a "Photon Biased Sensor" (PBS). The PBS sensor has a diameter of 5.55 mm and a range of approximately 9.0 cm. The EBS sensor has a diameter of 7.15 mm and a range of approximately 11.2 cm. Both …  Read more

Modified hemoglobin red blood cell substitutes have a number of potential areas of application. In some of these applications, it will be important to lessen the pro-oxidant effects of hemoglobin and potential free radical-mediated toxicity. This research introduces a novel modified hemoglobin that is based on intermolecularly crosslinking hemoglobin, superoxide dismutase and catalase (PolyHb-SOD-CAT) with the bifunctional agent, glutaraldehyde. Superoxide dismutase and catalase catalyze the breakdown of superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide respectively. Studies of structural and functional parameters reveal that PolyHb-SOD-CAT retains superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymatic activity, and consists of a mixture of molecular species ranging in molecular …  Read more

Cross-over designs are often used to compare treatments administered to subjects in different, pre-determined sequence with relatively few trials. The correlations within subjects arising from the repeated measurements may make the usual analysis of variance based on ordinary least squares (OLS) inappropriate to analyze such experiments. The aim of this thesis if to compare how the behavior of several tests used to analyze cross-over trails is affected by different structures and estimators of the covariance matrix. In particular, we replace the within-sequence sample dispersion matrix by Stein's estimator of the covariance matrix as a means of improving the robustness of …  Read more

Midrash is a genre of rabbinic Bible exegesis, composed by various authors and compiled in anthologies during the first seven centuries of the Common Era. This thesis explores the reading of Midrash and its possible influence on early artistic activity. Examples of early Jewish and Christian biblical representations that display some degree of midrashic impact, are presented in order to establish the existence of a relationship between Midrash and art. Finally, by a systematic reading of the corpus of midrashic literature found in Midrash Rabbah, Midrashim that suggest graphic representation, but which have not yet to been found among early …  Read more

The subsurface mobility of metals and chlorophenols occurring together in contaminated groundwaters is controlled by the extent of aqueous complexation between them and by their adsorption onto aquifer materials. However, no previous experimental studies have quantified these interactions within a thermodynamic framework. This study has investigated the aqueous complexation of Cd, Pb and Cu by 2,4,6-trichlorophenolate (TCP--) and pentachlorophenolate (PCP--) at 25°C, using ion selective electrode potentiometry and ultraviolet spectrophotometry. A single 1:1 aqueous complex forms in each system, with log stability constants and is errors calculated to be: Cd(TCP) +, 2.5 +/- 0.2; Pb(TCP)+, 3.0 +/- 0.3; Cu(TCP) +, …  Read more

The figure of the Wandering Jew in British Gothic literature has been generally regarded as a static and romantic Everyman who signifies religious punishment, remorse, and alienation. In that it fails to consider the fact that the legend of the Wandering Jew signalled a noteworthy historical shift from theological to racial anti-Semitism, this reading has overlooked the significance of this figure's specific ethno-religious aspect and its relation to the figure of the vampire. It has hindered, consequently, the recognition of the Wandering Jew's relevance to the "Jewish Question," a vital issue in the construction of British national identity. In this …  Read more

The convertases are a recently discovered family of mammalian serine proteases related in structure to the bacterial subtilisins and to the yeast enzyme kexin. These proteases share with the subtilisins the presence within their protein structure of a signal peptide, a prosegment, and a conserved catalytic region. However, they also possess additional P and COOH-terminal domains, which are not observed in subtilisins, but are present in their eucaryotic yeast counterpart, kexin. While the function of the P domain has been investigated, that of the COOH-terminal domain, excepting transmembrane and cytosolic tail structures of some convertases, remains unresolved. In the present …  Read more

Spirochetes are putative periodontal pathogens because they are found in increased numbers in periodontitis. With severity of periodontal disease, there also appears to be an increase in oral malodor. This is due to a greater breakdown of tissues containing sulfurated amino acids such as cysteine, cystine, and methionine. Bacteria in the oral cavity can metabolize these amino acids to produce volatile sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan that contribute to oral malodor. Detection of volatile sulfur compounds is usually performed by gas chromatography or a portable sulfur monitor, but none of these methods provides direct evidence for …  Read more

A variational semi-Lagrangian wind retrieval algorithm from single-Doppler radar data is studied both analytically and numerically, in order to understand its responses as well as limitations. The theoretical background on which the algorithm is based, is described in detail. A new approximation of the conservation equation of reflectivity for wind retrieval purposes is derived. It is shown that, in general, a unique wind field may not be available for the entire domain. However, some ways of minimizing this inconvenience are presented. The existence of a spurious solution when the conservation equation of a tracer is discretized is found analytically. A …  Read more

The role of occupational exposures in the genesis of airways disease may be underestimated in workforce studies because of the "healthy" worker effect, due either to those with more resistant airways entering a workplace or those with work related airways disease changing or quitting their job. Both effects are minimised in population-based studies which have the disadvantage that occupational exposures are of necessity self-reported. The overall goal of this research was to develop and validate an instrument to measure occupational exposures in epidemiologic research in general population studies of airways disease. The study hypothesis was that self-reported exposure information pertinent …  Read more

McLean, Donald R. (Supervisor)  Read more

This thesis investigates the causes and consequences of intra-urban relocation of squatter settlements. The process of removal and resettlement of land invasions is analyzed in the light of past and contemporary experiences within the context of the developing countries, and a theoretical background is presented as a support for the main argument of the study. The urban network of Brasilia, the capital of Brazil, was selected as case study to illustrate the use of resettlement as a planning instrument and to discuss the impact that such undertakings bring upon the relocated communities. The study demonstrates how the development style adopted …  Read more

The goal of this descriptive/exploratory study was to examine the behavior and attitudes of eleven white and five non-white mothers involved in raising multiracial, preschool-aged, biological children. A theoretical framework based on research carried out with multiracial individuals was used to define interracial parenting strategies that promoted strong racial and personal identities in their children. Through individual interviews, using a questionnaire, an opinion survey, and four vignettes that described racially complex situations, two areas of parenting were examined: contact maintained by mothers with the child's minority background, and the mothers capacity to effectively problem-solve. Little difference was found between the …  Read more

The human androgen receptor (hAR) is a ligand-activated, DNA-binding nuclear transcription factor. Mutations in the hAR result in varying degrees of androgen insensitivity (AI); they may play a predisposing or pathogenetic role in both prostate and breast cancer. Expansion of the hAR's N-terminal polymorphic Glutamine (Gln) repeat causes a late-onset progressive motoneuronopathy which is associated with mild androgen insensitivity: spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). SBMA belongs to a group of translated CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion neuronopathies that includes Huntington disease, dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy and five distinct spinocerebellar ataxias. The fact that this group of disorders is caused by polyGln expansions …  Read more

The objective of this thesis was to characterize the distribution, variability and determinants of exposures to extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields in environments where no information was previously available, and to advance the methodology of exposure estimation. The thesis is divided into three related papers. The first paper reports a study of personal ELF field exposure measurements of 465 randomly selected workers in an electrical utility. By job category, arithmetic mean magnetic field exposures ranged from 0.09 to 2.36 $ mu$T (electric fields: 2.5 to 400 V/m). ELF magnetic field exposures were highest for substation workers, hydroelectric …  Read more

The reaction between atomic chromium and neat 2-vinylpyridine leads to the polymerization of the monomer, forming a polymer glass. The product of the rapid polymerization of neat monomer is atactic poly(2-vinylpyridine) in which the chromium has been incorporated as a complex. From cyclic voltammetry and electronic absorption studies, it was proposed that the chromium forms a neutral complex with a severely distorted octahedral geometry and consists of a formally Cr2+ metal center. The metal would then form an organometallic complex that is also bound via the nitrogen atom to pendant pyridine rings. The polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine in 2-methyltetrahydrofuran at -78°C …  Read more

Oral administration of encapsulated proteins for the treatment of metabolic enzyme disorders has received recut attention. In this study alginate was used a the immobilization matrix because of its ease of use and mild formulation conditions. In the treatment of enzyme disorders, proteins encapsulated in alginate gels may be deactivated by proteolytic enzymes such as chymotrypsin, which are present in gastric fluids. To reduce the permeability to chymotrypsin (MW 21,600), the alginate beads were coated with polycationic membranes. Chitosan, poly-L-lysine, and Poly(methylene co-guanidine) membranes were evaluated for their capacity to exclude alpha-chymotrypsin and other proteases from alginate beads. When alginate …  Read more

This thesis seeks to probe deeper into possible criteria for allocating jurisdiction over environmental policy in a free trade context. The investigation proceeds by examining first recent moves within the European Community to adjust environmental policy to the principle of subsidiarity. The analysis then adopts a comparative approach and discusses various issues for Canadian environmental policy arising from the Canadian division of powers. The Canadian division of powers is shown to operate with much more narrow principles and rules than under the EC-Treaty with the resultant overlap in concurrent policy-making necessitating various forms and techniques for policy-coordination. A final part …  Read more

This study assesses critically the conceptualisation and operationalisation of variants of the de-industrialization thesis that have been proposed in Canada, the United States, and United Kingdom. A series of operational measures are identified and then applied to the case of Canada to determine if it has been losing its manufacturing base. Long term data on employment, output, investment, and trade are examined for the manufacturing sector as a whole. Certain general trends are also contrasted with those of other G-7 countries. Further, the study considers trends in the major manufacturing industries (two digit SIC) and in the sub-industry groups: automotive, …  Read more

We and others have hypothesize that, in the developing chick, signaling through the membrane bound form IgM (mIgM) expressed on bursal lymphocytes plays a critical role in the progression of normal B cell development. In order to specifically evaluate the role of bursal mIg, we want to introduce by retrovirally mediated gene transfer a transgenic mIg construct which should be expressed on the B cell surface independent of endogenous Ig gene rearrangement. We therefore cloned the transmembrane (TM) form of the chicken $ mu$ heavy chain from a bursal cDNA library. Sequence analysis revealed 80% homology of the TM/cytoplasmic regions …  Read more

"Uncharted Lands" is a collection of three short stories, each of which could be described as ethnic but should be considered Canadian. The Afterword explains why, examines the process of writing ethnicity through memory, and explores the position of ethnic minority literature in the evolution of Canadian culture.  Read more

The overall objective of this project was to study the ontogeny and receptor signaling of myocardial alpha1adrenoceptor (alpha1AR) subtypes. It was found that alpha1AR-mediated inotropic effects and phosphatidylinositide (PI) turnover in neonatal and adult rat myocardium are mediated by different receptor subtypes. In neonatal rats, alpha 1AAR play a predominant role, although both alpha1AAR and alpha 1BAR are present in approximately equal amount as assayed by ligand binding; however, both alpha1AAR and alpha1BAR contribute to the positive inotropic response of adult rat myocardium. alpha1D AR are not functionally expressed in neonatal rat hearts but may play a minor role in …  Read more

Both Joy Kogawa's Naomi Nakane and Sky Lee's Kae Ying Woo attempt to overcome silence and secrecy in order to reconstruct their families' histories, particularly their matrilinear histories. Their task is problematic: Naomi has no mother, and Kae has too many maternal figures battling for control. Both narrators approach their texts (and their searches for identity) with a degree of ambivalence. In Obasan, Naomi's uncertainty over the family identity she attempts to uncover manifests itself in the silences which pervade the text. Over the course of the novel, she pushes aside silence, in the process giving rise to two problematic …  Read more

On November 10, 1988, Philipp Jenninger, President of the German Bundestag (FRG), held a speech in commemoration of the fiftieth anniversary of Reichskristallnacht, or 'night of broken glass', a pogrom which was orchestrated by the National Socialist government against Germany's Jewish citizens. The speech proved to be extremely controversial and provoked heated reactions in Germany and around the world. The following is an analysis of the discourse generated by the speech in Germany. The goal of my project is to elucidate the discursive structures that subtended the state of the German discours social in order to show the way in …  Read more

Mohamed, A. M. O. (Supervisor)  Read more

Outre-amer is a collection of short stories set in a contemporary Quebec society and depicting events in the genealogy of a family doomed with mythological predispositions. Intertextuality is an important aspect of Outre-amer, since the stories are independent from one another, while linked together by various themes, clues and details which carry enigmas beneath the surface of the stories from one end of the collection to the other. Thus, it is suggested to read the stories in a chronological order. Etude du dialogue dans Nouvelles de J. D. Salinger studies the conversational aspect of the prose of the American author …  Read more

Due to several limitations encountered with the conventional spouted bed, a novel gas-solid contactor, Rotating Jet Annular Spouted Bed (RJASB), was developed for drying of particulates in the falling rate period. This contactor consists of one rotating jet in the annular region with a cylinder mounted centrally in the vessel. The key hydrodynamic characteristics, e.g., minimum spouting velocity, peak and steady spouting pressure drops were measured using different particles. Effects of the spouting jet rotational speed, bed height, nozzle diameter as well as particle size, shape and density were determined experimentally. Empirical correlations are developed to predict the values of …  Read more

Recent anatomical investigations have revealed that the striatum is an intrinsically heterogeneous structure that forms multiple parallel circuits with different cortical areas. The present series of experiments investigated the possibility that such anatomical diversity may promote functional differences between subregions of the rat dorsal striatum. Using different versions of the water maze and radial arm maze tasks, evidence is presented showing that the medial and lateral subregions of the caudate-putamen make distinct contributions to behaviors guided by either ambient spatial or discrete cues. The findings support a multiple subsystems view of dorsal striatal function. Specifically, the lateral (sensorimotor-innervated) caudate-putamen may …  Read more

In the processing of steels, various types of alloy compositions and heat treatments have been used to improve strength and ductility. Unfortunately, these methods are usually accompanied by a decrease in formability. It has been well recognized that the presence of retained austenite, in microstructures which include ferrite and bainite, can significantly strengthen the steel and improve ductility by transforming to martensite under an applied stress or strain. This is the basic principal behind the TRIP (transformation-induced plasticity) effect. In this work, the effects of thermomechanical processing (TMP) and chemical composition on the structure and properties of C-Si-Mn TRIP steels …  Read more

The preponderance of female depression is a widespread phenomenon that emerges as early as adolescence. Two diverse lines of psychosocial research were explored in the present study with the aim of helping to explain these gender differences. The first concerned the role of two interpersonal problems, feeling overly responsible for the welfare of others and feeling unassertive in relationships, which have been linked to psychological distress in adolescents (Aube, Fichman, Saltaris, & Koestner, 1997). The second focused on the differential response styles of males and females, rumination and distraction (Nolen-Hooksema, 1987). Results demonstrated that feeling overly responsible for others, and …  Read more

Acheson, Nicholas H. (Supervisor)  Read more

In order to deal with the negative impacts associated with disposal of used oils by thermal remediation, a study of the material under combustion-like conditions was undertaken. Two used motor oils were subjected to slow heating using a Thermogravimetric Analyzer coupled with a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer. Based on the results obtained, mechanisms of the general transformation process the oil undergoes and the evolution of the solid particles were proposed. The presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs), considered hazardous, was observed and individual PAHs were identified. The results show that initial oxygen content in the oil plays a significant role …  Read more

Wainer, I. W. (Supervisor)  Read more

Sulfur containing polymers are very important as rubbers, conducting materials, and high performance polymers. Examples are poly(aliphatic disulfide)s, poly(phenylene sulfide) (PPS), poly(sulfone), and polybenzothiazole. Several new polymerization reactions have been described in this thesis for the preparation of sulfur containing materials. The synthesis of a series of cyclic(arylene disulfide) oligomers was accomplished by catalytic oxidation of arylenedithiols with oxygen in the presence of a copper-amine catalyst. The cyclic(arylene disulfide) oligomers underwent a novel free radical ring-opening polymerization at elevated temperatures in the melt to form high molecular weight poly(arylene disulfide)s. Cyclic(arylene disulfide) oligomers were copolymerized with elemental sulfur at 250°C …  Read more

The legend of Shambhala incorporated in the Tibetan Canon, has been one of the favourite motives of Tibetan Buddhism throughout the centuries. High lamas and laity alike venerated the legend connecting their innermost aspirations with it. For some it represents a mystical millennial country revealing itself only to the chosen ones, while others perceive it as a symbol of the hidden treasures of the mind. This way or the other, the legend of Shambhala remains a living belief for many. The present hardships of Tibet made the legend with its leitmotif of future victory of Buddhism, especially viable. When the …  Read more

To increase the effectiveness of conventional radiotherapy in the treatment of cancer, different drugs can be administered. The aim of this project is to investigate biodegradable polyanhydride carrier matrices (PCPP-SA; 20:80) as a localized slow release delivery system for halogenated pyrimidines, in our case Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU). Our in vitro experiments show that RIF-1 cells which have incorporated BrdU into their DNA over 4 doublings show significant increase in the initial slope (alpha-value) of their radiation cell survival curves, indicating an increase in radiosensitivity. To investigate the radiosensitization potential of BrdU in vivo, biodegradable BrdU/polymer combinations (20% w/w) were prepared and …  Read more

This thesis traces the growth the United States Senate's role in the Supreme Court confirmation process from the passage of the Judiciary Act of 1789 to the nomination of Robert H. Bork in 1987. Beginning with an examination of the intellectual origins of the Advice and Consent Clause of the United States Constitution, the thesis goes on to demonstrate that the Senate's role in the confirmation process has expanded well beyond the boundaries established by the Framers of the Constitution, and that this has resulted in a usurpation of the presidential power of appointment. The thesis concludes by arguing that …  Read more

Activated sludge has been reported to reduce successfully both organic content and toxicity in effluents originating from chemi-thermo-mechanical pulping (CTMP) mills. The wastewater entering the treatment facility consists of a combination of waste streams derived from various stages of the process. Activated sludge treatment is sensitive to various operating conditions, including waste stream composition. Changes in operating conditions will affect the treatment process kinetics. The effect of effluent variation was examined using both mathematical modelling and experimental investigation. Mathematical modelling was used to identify the rate parameters having the most significant effect on the system when varied. Experimental studies considered …  Read more

The present study attempts to clarify questions concerning the validity of participatory strategies by comparing the practical results with the theoretical objectives. To accomplish this, an internationally renowned participatory project, Brazil's Garbage-Purchasing project located in the municipality of Curitiba, is evaluated using the qualitative-based RRA methodology. The findings reveal a project colored by municipal political objectives and where the supposed beneficiaries, residents of the Jardim da Ordem area, refuse any further involvement with the project. The study details how the social and political contexts are determining factors in the development of the participation. Furthermore, it is clearly demonstrated that the …  Read more

Compositional nutrient diagnosis was used to evaluate the nutritional status of trees located in the Abitibi region of Quebec in order to determine the effects of species (white birch, conifer (balsam fir and white spruce), stand are (31, 51, 72, and 125 years) and parent material (lacustrine clay and glacial till) on foliar nutrient concentrations. Significant differences were found in foliar nutrient concentrations between the three species growing on similarly classified sites. The age of the stand significantly influenced the foliar nutrients of trees, illustrated by the significant decrease in foliar nitrogen concentration on clay and till and phosphorus concentrations …  Read more

It is estimated that between 20-40% of women encounter sexual harassment at a university. However, university grievance offices report that less than one percent of the student population, whether female or male, complains. Sexual harassment research indicates that a large number of people who experience sexual harassment do not label it as such and therefore, do not report it. The effectiveness of the objective sexual harassment definition in describing the experiences of students is questioned. A qualitative approach is used to explore how students define sexual harassment and how they categorize their experiences in relation to their definitions. The analysis, …  Read more

Building on a small vocabulary, speaker independent, continuous speech recognition system, new methods for word hypotheses generation and word lattice pruning are suggested for very large vocabulary recognition. A weighted Levenshtein matching algorithm was created to transform a lattice of phonemes into word hypotheses based on acoustic evidence alone. This algorithm is applied in parallel with a lexical tree search algorithm to extract the most likely word candidates. Pruning of the lattice is achieved by eliminating redundant words occurring in the adjacent time frames of the lattice by removing all but the locally maximum scored words. Additionally, techniques are suggested …  Read more

It is proposed that the viscosity dependence of the triplet lifetimes of aromatic chromophores arises from local diffusional-type motions around the chromophore. In an attempt to ascertain if motions of this type are indeed responsible for triplet quenching, the phosphorescence decay of carbazole covalently bound to a methyl acrylate (90%) methyl methacrylate (10%) copolymer backbone, with a glass transition temperature of 19°C, was studied as a function of temperature. The phosphorescence decay was non-exponential but well defined using a bi-exponential fit. It showed the greatest drop in intensity and lifetime centered around the glass transition temperature. Mechanical shear was exerted …  Read more

Background. Housekeeping is an important aspect of safety in the workplace. There have been only a limited number of studies assessing the impact on injury of housekeeping. In addition, measuring the state of housekeeping has posed continuous problems in these studies due to the lack of standardized and objective instrumentation. Objectives. The objectives of the first part of this thesis involved the development and evaluation of an instrument for measuring the state of housekeeping in industry. The second part examined the association between housekeeping and safety. Methods. This study began with the development of a checklist for evaluating housekeeping and …  Read more