McGill University Thèses et mémoires par auteur commençant par J

This study is predicated on a belief that all works of architecture retain a capacity to manifest, organize, and articulate the everyday existence of the communities who build them. Some works, however, are given extraordinary callings, and respond by setting up not only the daily practices and affairs of their particular historical people, but by establishing the meaningful framework for everything that is anything at all. I propose that the Paris Observatory was such a work, standing as the focus for the emergence of a new way of being, and that this emerging world is, in a maturated form, the …  Read more

Les données d'IRM dynamique avec agent de contraste (DCE-MRI) peuvent être analysées à l'aide d'un modèle pharmaco-cinétique à deux compartiments, afin de mesurer des paramètres biophysiques tels que la perméabilité de la barrière hémato-encéphalique (BHE). Notre étude vise à développer une technique de DCE-MRI qui permette de mesurer avec exactitude la perméabilité de la BHE dans les lésions de sclérose en plaques (SEP). L'impact de la résolution temporelle de l'acquisition sur l'exactitude et la précision des mesures de perméabilité est évalué au moyen d'expériences et de simulations, et un nouveau protocole en deux temps permettant de réduire l'erreur dans les …  Read more

L'eumélanine est un biopolymère présent dans l’ensemble du corps humain. C'est le pigment responsable de la coloration de la peau, des cheveux et des yeux. Sa voie biosynthétique commence par l'oxydation de la L-tyrosine catalysée par la tyrosinase en passant par le 5,6-dihydroxyindole (DHI) ou l’acide 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylique (DHICA). Il faut noter que le DHI et le DHICA sont les derniers intermédiaires recensés dans la voie biosynthétique, car leurs oxydation aérobie spontanée conduit à des matériaux complexes et hétérogènes insolubles dans les solvants organiques et donc non analysable par plusieurs techniques de caractérisation conventionnelles.Malgré un redoublement récent des efforts expérimentaux et …  Read more

Afin de minimiser la production d’oxydes d’azote thermiques dans les chambres de combustion des turbines à gaz aerodérivées modernes, le carburant est pré-mélangé à un excès d'air en amont de la chambre (`Lean Premixed Combustion') avant d’être brûlé dans la chambre de combustion résultant en une multitude de flammes qui interagissent entre elles. Trois problèmes peuvent se poser à cet égard. Premièrement, le mélange de carburant et d'air à haute pression, qui existe en amont de la chambre de combustion, est susceptible d’auto-allumage ce qui peut sévèrement endommager les composantes en amont de la chambre de combustion. Deuxièmement, les flammes …  Read more

Theophraste Renaudot fonde en 1633, a Paris, une academie publique tout a fait originale et novatrice, non seulement par rapport a l'enseignement officiel, mais aussi par rapport aux academies anterieures et contemporaines. Ses Conferences du Bureau d'adresse foment une tribune unique ou les simples curieux , comme les membres des cercles erudits les plus elitistes du temps, venus la incognito, confrontent leurs idees sur tous les problemes d'actualite, en faisant preuve d'une soif de connaissance et d'une liberte d'esprit totalement absentes du milieu universitaire. Les Conferences jouissent d'un immense succes, et leurs comptes rendus sont publies non seulement en France, …  Read more

An artwork does not obliterate the traces of its making. In the contemporary technological context such "untidiness" is effectively erased through instrumental methods of production. A great divide exists between instrumental and poetic modalities of disclosure which is no more apparent than in the arts of cinema and architecture. The motion picture camera is the emblem par excellence of the voyeuristic sensibility of the disembodied 20th century spectator who inevitably is the very same "body" which inhabits the built world. The British artist-filmmaker Peter Greenaway calls into question numerous aspects of traditional and technological ways of looking and making relevant …  Read more

This dissertation descibes the development and the application of a planar acoustic microscope lens. The prototype lens consists of a pair of concentric circular metal electrodes plated on the interface between a piezoelectric solid and a liquid medium. These two circular electrodes excite Rayleigh waves of velocity V(,R) which are converging towards the common centre but which are phase matched to the compressional waves of the velocity V(,c) in the liquid in a very narrow range of zenith angle about a value given by (phi)(,m) = sin('-1)V(,c)/V(,R). The waves radiated into the liquid are thus in the form of a …  Read more

Ni-based superalloys, composed of Ni as the matrix and up to 14 alloying elements including (but not limited to) Al, Co, Cr, Mo, and Ta, are particularly known for their exceptional high-temperature performance. Traditionally fabricated through casting, these alloys have recently been explored for additive manufacturing (AM), offering advantages in design complexity and material efficiency. This thesis examines two AM processes: laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) and direct energy deposition (DED). LPBF enables the production of intricate components, while DED supports both manufacturing and repair of the parts. However, the manufacturing and subsequent heat treatment of high γ′ Ni-based superalloys …  Read more

Servio, Phillip (Supervisor2)  Read more

With the ongoing energy transition, electric power and energy systems are rapidly evolving and are becoming increasingly complex with multi-dimensional state and action spaces as well as higher levels of uncertainty and volatility. Obtaining and maintaining an accurate system model of such environments is becoming increasingly difficult and impractical from economical, technical and temporal views. Operating such systems is becoming increasingly challenging to classical control approaches, which are essentially rule-based and model-based. To cope with the challenges of future electric grids and stay in line with the rapid changes, this thesis proposes data-driven control frameworks for the coordination of distributed …  Read more

Au cours des dernières années, plusieurs systèmes d'enseignement assisté par ordinateur ont été développés pour une variété d'instruments de musiques. Cependant, il n'y a toujours pas de développements considérables d'un système éducatif qui soit dédié à l'apprentissage de la basse électrique. Une grande partie des systèmes existant misent beaucoup sur la technologie sans chercher à motiver l'élève en intégrant l'élément de participation interactive que peut générer un jeu électronique éducatif.Ce mémoire présente la conception d'un système d'enseignement de haut niveau qui examine les éléments du jeu dans le cadre de l'apprentissage de la basse électrique. Afin d'établir les fondements de …  Read more

Inuit infants throughout the Arctic experience higher mortality and poorer health than their non-Inuit counterparts, and suffer disproportionately from bacterial and viral infections. This research initially reviews the health status of these infants, with a focus on Canadian Inuit communities and reference to other circumpolar regions, as appropriate. It also discusses the wide range of inter-related factors that affect their health and their susceptibility to infection: their demographic, social, economic and physical environment, as well as personal health practices and the availability of high quality, culturally-appropriate health services within their communities. Data were then analyzed from a cohort study of …  Read more

Presently, most aesthetic discourse focusses primarily upon questions of beauty and ugliness. Yet, this rather limited approach to aesthetics overlooks all work that does not belong to either of these two categories. More precisely, most contemporary debate fails to consider the important category of ambivalence. What might it mean to both love and hate a given work of art? The following essay examines the complex emotion of ambivalence as a category of aesthetic experience. Drawing upon the work of British filmmaker Peter Greenaway, it will be argued that ambivalence encourages a new, dynamic approach to the work of art. Ultimately, …  Read more

This thesis proposes that the United Kingdom's constitution is changing so as to incorporate written principles that restrain Parliament through judicial review. This model originates in the common law as well as the orthodox theories of Blackstone and Dicey. It is supported by the ultra vires doctrine and provides a basis for judicial review of Parliament itself. As constitutions may accommodate written and unwritten elements, along with various means of enforcement and change, they are defined by how strongly they reflect underlying norms. This expressive function, with a shift in the rule of recognition endorsing judicial review, democratically legitimizes constitutional …  Read more

This thesis examines how United States federal courts can review the President's exercise of the war powers to detain American citizens, or non-citizens having similar rights, as unlawful combatants. It argues that the separation of powers doctrine, based on Lockean principles, permits probing judicial review of such an executive detention, where the President exercises the war powers in a way that effectively adjudicates individual rights or impacts upon domestic affairs. The constitutional controversy over unlawful combatant detentions is fundamentally a separation of powers problem. Existing functionalist and formalist theories about the separation doctrine, as well as dichotomous debates about individual …  Read more

A. N. Wilson is a distinguished contemporary English author and journalist whose writing constantly displays the depth of his understanding of and concern for the Church of England. Himself once a devout Anglican, albeit one of the Church's more vocal watchdogs, Wilson now writes as an outsider and an unbeliever. Yet he is still widely read and highly regarded as a commentator on the institution, and as one who is never reluctant to confront the ills which he believes responsible for its demise. Wilson takes the church hierarchy to task for neglecting spiritual matters in favour of "issues". He employs …  Read more

Eiseman, Thomas Owen (Supervisor)  Read more

The area which La Chaloupe River drains, as well as the surrounding terrain, was mapped geologically during the four summer months of 1954 by M.A. Klugman. The writer acted as assistant to Mr. Klugman, on a party put in the field by the Quebec Department of Mines.  Read more

Hendel, C. (Supervisors)  Read more

The revolutionary advances in textile technology during recent decades, including new processes, new finishes, and new fibers, have created the need for some means of predicting the performance of fabrics under actual wear conditions. The ultimate criterion of fabric quality is performance under wear conditions. Thus it becomes of considerable importance to devise rapid laboratory treatments that will simulate the actual conditions of wear. The importance attached to this problem is evident from the vigorous current attempts to set up international standards; from the number of organizations, governmental and private, engaged in instrumenting and perfecting textile tests; and from the …  Read more

The Drosophila melanogaster eIF4E binding protein (d4E-BP) inhibits translation initiation and is implicated in cell growth as a downstream effector of the Drosophila insulin signaling pathway. Since d4E-BP null flies show similar growth and development to control flies, the possibility of a conditional phenotype was explored through stress treatments. Adult d4E-BP null flies show sensitivity to oxidative stress, and d4E-BP null larvae die faster than controls under starvation and protein starvation. Expressing a mutant d4E-BP that doesn't bind to eIF4E in the d4E-BP null background does not rescue this stress sensitivity, which suggests that wild-type stress resistance requires binding of …  Read more

Cette thèse vise à mieux comprendre la crise concernant l'accès aux soins de santé primaires au Québec, en employant de multiples méthodes et perspectives. Avec l'aide de la régression logistique, le lien entre le statut socio-économique et l'accès aux soins primaires a été étudié à partir de la perspective de l'individu (c'est-à-dire, la demande de soins). Ces résultats démontrent que le revenu du ménage, la taille du ménage, la région de résidence et le statut marital sont tous des facteurs qui affectent l'accès équitable aux médecins de famille dans la province. Ensuite, en employant une perspective plus microsociale, l'offre de …  Read more

Dinoflagellates are a diverse group of protists, some of which are photosynthetic. The typical dinoflagellate chloroplast contains two proteins not found in any other photosynthetic eukaryote: peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein (PCP) and Form II ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco). Immunoelectron microscopic observations on the dinoflagellate Amphidinium carterae show that PCP is localized in the chloroplast stroma, not in the thylakoid lumen as previously postulated due to the presence of a putative lumen-targeting sequence. Antisera against Form II Rubisco from bacterial (Rhodospirillum rubrum) and dinoflagellate (Symbiodinium sp.) sources were both shown to label the chloroplast and pyrenoid of A. carterae . Antiserum to Form I …  Read more

This thesis describes the use of both steady state and transient radial flow tests for determining the permeability of the argillaceous Lindsay Limestone. The results obtained from this research investigation are compared with data available in the literature for similar argillaceous limestones found in the Lindsay (Cobourg) formation. The efficiency and consistency of the transient and steady state results show computational modeling using finite element programs such as COMSOL Multiphysics™ can be used, under the appropriate meshing scheme, to analyse test results on low permeability geomaterials. The results give a permeability range between 1 x 10^-22 m^2 to 1.68 x …  Read more

Many authors in recent years have contended that certain education systems and teacher training institutions do not pay enough attention to the importance of high school teacher specialization. This thesis endeavours to point out the importance of specially trained teachers with emphasis on those teaching history. A history teacher at the secondary level without a good academic background in history ordinarily will not be able to do justice to his subject; the result is that the pupil, society and the teacher suffer.  Read more

Field experiments were undertaken to predict the yield of 'Earligold' muskmelon grown with plastic mulches, rowcovers and thermal water tubes. Mulches were either black, photoselective or clear. Rowcover systems included a clear perforated polyethylene, a polypropylene agrotextile, or unperforated polyethylenes (standard or infra-red treated) with a water-filled tube. In all tunnel types, the photoselective mulch had an intermediate effect between clear and black mulch on air and soil temperatures, chilling injury and days to flowering. Plants with a clear mulch and an infrared or standard unperforated tunnel with a thermal tube survived chilling temperatures between 1.6-5.8C for seven days, flowered …  Read more

The purpose of this thesis is to show how the pressure exercised by the humanitarian group upon two Foreign Secretaries made itself felt in affecting the course of British foreign policy with regard to Macedonia between the years 1903 and 1908. Before examining the activities of this group in Parliament, it is necessary to consider, first, the problem caused by the retreat of Turkey from Europe and to examine, brietly, the factors which made up that problem. As soon as there appeared to be the slightest possibility of forcing the Turk out of Macedonia, three countries began to lay claims …  Read more

Du Roure, R. (Supervisor)  Read more

This thesis examines the development of occupational health and safety policies in Ontario from 1880 to 1914 focusing on the Railway Accidents Act, Ontario Factory Act, Workmen's Compensation for Injuries Act and the Workmen's Compensation Act. Together they formed the basic regulatory framework that endured in Ontario until the 1970s. The rise of industrial capitalism and the growth of the private market in the mid-1880s brought forward the factory system which depended on an unskilled labouring class and the use of power-driven machinery. Thus system of production created many risks for workers including accidents and diseases, and resultant financial problems …  Read more

…like melting pillars of snow est une pièce de 12 minutes composée pour un orchestre de chambre comprenant seize musiciens. La forme et le matériel de la pièce est inspiré de la notion de polyphonie littéraire et de forme romanesque, élaborée par le théoricien littéraire soviétique Mikhail Bakhtin; cela est représenté musicalement par la création de quatre matériaux fonctionnant respectivement comme des perspectives musicales qui sont juxtaposées entre-elles et qui possèdent leur propre trajectoire tout au long de la pièce. Cette notion de polyphonie est transmise par l’entremise d’un processus de dégradation dans lequel les quatre matériaux et leurs relations …  Read more

La domestication des plantes est un processus graduel et continu. Des changements dans la sélection naturelle (ex. sélection pour un trait particulier, changement dans le lieu de culture, maladies fongiques) peuvent avoir comme conséquences des changements à l'échelle de la microévolution. L'interaction entre les humains et les espèces cultivées est un des engins majeurs de l'évolution de ces espèces, avec une grande influence sur le flux des gènes et la sélection. La conservation des variétés de culture in situ (à la ferme) est donc une stratégie qui peut maintenir l'adaptation des variétés à une diversité de conditions environnementales, de milieux …  Read more

The Global Financial Crisis was a reminder that such crises are endemic to modern capitalism. This dissertation deepens our knowledge of what to do when struck by a financial crisis for which we are institutionally unprepared. Using archival research and a few interviews, this study compares the causes and consequences of bank bailout decisions in the US, UK, and Germany during the 2007-2008 crisis. The comparison reveals that the fiscal costs of the bailouts were lower where the government was able to cooperate with a bank or banks, and that in turn such cooperation was most forthcoming when the government …  Read more

Comprendre comment les grands organismes réagissent à l'environnement est essentiel pour l'écologie et l'évolution. Le microbiome associé à l'hôte représente un médiateur de ces réponses, car sa composition dynamique permet à un organisme de faire face aux facteurs de stress et aux changements rapides de l'environnement. Chez les arbres, les communautés bactériennes épiphytes et endophytes des feuilles facilitent les défenses chimiques des plantes après l'herbivorie, tandis que chez les animaux, la transmission de bactéries bénéfiques au cours des interactions sociales améliore la condition physique. Lors des interactions entre plantes et animaux, les communautés microbiennes sont directement transmises et influencent probablement …  Read more

La gestion et la conservation efficaces de la faune sont basées sur une bonne compréhension des processus écologiques qui opèrent à de multiples échelles spatiales et temporelles et de comment ces processus affectent les populations. Pour les carnivores forestiers, tel que la martre d'Amérique (Martes americana), qui ont besoin de grands espaces, qui sont sensibles aux changements de paysage, et qui sont liés de très près à leurs proies, les études à multiples échelles ont le potentiel d'apporter de l'information utile pour la conservation. Cependant, la collecte de données sur de longues périodes et de vastes paysages représente des défis …  Read more

We examine an 1880 theorem of Laguerre concerning polynomials with all real roots and a 1968 inequality of Samuelson for the maximum and minimum deviation from the mean, and establish their equivalence and present several proofs. We also study related inequalities attributed to (1) J. M. C. Scott (1936); (2) Brunk (1959); (3) Boyd (1971) & Hawkins (1971). Also examined is a 1918 inequality of Szokefalvi-Nagy and some 1935 extensions of Popoviciu concerning the standard deviation and range of a set of real numbers and equivalent inequalities for the internally Studentized range due to K. R. Nair in 1947/1948 and …  Read more

A Monte Carlo Model was developed to simulate the free-radical chlorination of n-alkanes by which polychlorinated alkane mixtures are produced. The model parameters were the relative reactivity of the hydrogen atoms on the alkane chain to chlorine free-radical substitution. The values of the parameters were determined by free-radical chlorination experiments; by interpolation of data from these experiments or from data in the literature. The result of the model is a complete characterization of the molecular composition of PCA mixtures of any carbon chain length and degree of chlorination. Properties of modeled PCA mixtures were in good agreement with properties of …  Read more

Hudson, Marie (Supervisor2)  Read more

Head, Jessica (Supervisor1)  Read more

Iron is an essential, yet highly reactive, metal that needs to be tightly regulated. Excess iron in the central nervous system (CNS) can lead to free radical formation and neurodegeneration. My Ph.D. thesis work is focused on two animal models of neurodegeneration: one uses a null mutation of ceruloplasmin (CP), which in humans causes iron accumulation and neurodegeneration in the CNS; and the other is a gain of function mutation in the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), which causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in mice/humans. CP is a ferroxidase that converts highly toxic ferrous iron to its non-toxic ferric form. A …  Read more

Iron is an essential metal for living organisms. It is, however, a redox active metal and hence its levels in cells need to be tightly regulated. The ferroxidase ceruloplasmin (Cp), converts highly toxic ferrous iron to the nontoxic ferric form. Ceruloplasmin exists as secreted and glycosylphosphatidylinositiol (GPI)-anchored forms. GPI-Cp is the major form in rat brain. Humans with mutations in the Cp gene (aceruloplasminemia) show marked accumulations of iron in the liver as well as the CNS. The iron accumulation in the CNS is accompanied by neurodegeneration. Mice with null mutations of the Cp gene (Cp-/- ) also show iron …  Read more

The high strength of TRIP (TRansformation Induced Plasticity) steel enables high fuel efficiency by reducing the weight of a car without any loss of safety. In addition, the good formability shown by TRIP steel extends the application of this type of steel to complicated component shapes. TRIP steels can be used in the cold rolled and 'TRIP annealed' condition. After cold rolling, TRIP steels are subjected to a complicated anneal/heat-treatment encompassing intercritical annealing followed by bainitic transformation. Because the 'TRIP annealing' is designed to produce the complex microstructures, comprised of ferrite, bainite, retained austenite, which achieve the best combination of …  Read more

Quelle est la relation entre l'adversité socio-économique et la vulnérabilité aux idées suicidaires chez les adolescents ? C’est la question de recherche fondamentale poursuivie par cette thèse. La thèse propose des contributions dans trois domaines : la recherche empirique, la théorie socio-épidémiologique et les méthodes statistiques pertinentes pour l'étude des déterminants sociaux de la vulnérabilité psychiatrique.Empiriquement, la thèse commence par une recherche exploratoire qui trouve un modèle d'interactions en forme de « U » entre les facteurs de stress proximaux et les mesures de l'adversité de la vie étudiante (c’est-à-dire, le statut économique familial et le stress perçu) pour prédire …  Read more

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) issued on 27 March 1997 a recommendation concerning cryptography policy guidelines in an attempt to foster international co-operation and harmonization. Information is becoming increasingly valuable in society. Globalization of markets, improvements in information and communication technology and the shift to a knowledge-based economy has, furthermore, created an enormous potential for electronic commerce. Conservative estimates predict electronic commerce will have a turnover of more than US $400 billion by 2002. The increasing importance of information and communications has, however, made the information society vulnerable. Cryptography plays an important part in securing transactions in …  Read more

The aviation industry, by its very existence, has a tremendous impact on the global economy. As an integration of economic interests and international prestige, aviation triggers a large number of disputes and disagreements. This dissertation examines the regulatory aspects of international air transport disputes. Chapter one acknowledges the existence and nature of international aviation disputes in its scope and, more importantly, recognizes some of the many causes of conflicts arising from such disputes. The second chapter reviews chronologically dispute resolution attempts and analyses their effectiveness. Further, it examines the international bodies, governing treaties, and the available machinery for the resolution …  Read more

Alba-Koch, Beatriz de (Supervisor)  Read more