Résumés
Abstract
Researchers working in the Bow River valley have identified a minimum of four alluvial terraces, the upper two of which have been designated as paired terraces. Over the past 35 years, they have attempted to correlate these alluvial landforms and to generate models for the development of the terraces along the section of the Bow River between Calgary and the Rocky Mountains. In this study, Mazama ash and an early Holocene paleosol are used to correlate the terrace suites examined by previous researchers and to generate a model which accounts for the development of the upper two sets of paired terraces. These paired terraces reflect major episodes of aggradation and degradation that result from changes in independent variables such as climate and uplift. The initial episode of aggradation, dating from the late Pleistocene, is the result of paraglacial processes in a sparsely vegetated, yet saturated environment. Following a brief episode of degradation at the end of the Younger Dryas, the second episode of aggradation, dating from 9000 to 5000 BP, is caused by increased sediment load and lowered stream power during the Hypsithermal.
Résumé
Les chercheurs travaillant dans la vallée de la rivière Bow ont identifié au moins quatre terrasses alluviales, dont les deux supérieures ont été identifiées comme étant appariées. Au cours des 35 dernières années, ils ont essayé de corréler entre elles ces formes alluviales et d’élaborer des modèles appropriés à la formation des terrasses le long de la Bow River, entre Calgary et les Rocheuses. Dans la présente étude, les cendres de Mazama et un paléosol de l’Holocène inférieur ont servi à faire la corrélation entre les ensembles de terrasses étudiés précédemment et à élaborer un modèle pouvant expliquer la formation des deux ensembles supérieurs de terrasses appariées. Ces dernières résultent d’épisodes importants d’alluvionnement et de déblaiement qu’ont entraînées des modifications apportées à des phénomènes agissant de façon indépendante, comme le climat et le relèvement isostasique. Le premier épisode d’alluvionnement, survenu au Pléistocène supérieur, est le résultat de processus paraglaciaux agissant dans un milieu présentant une végétation clairsemée, bien que saturé. Après un court épisode de déblaiement à la fin du Dryas inférieur, le deuxième épisode d’alluvionnement (9000-5000 BP) est provoqué par une augmentation de la charge solide dans un cours d’eau de faible compétence, à l’Hypsithermal.
Resumen
Los estudios hechos en el valle del Bow River identifican por lo menos 4 terrazas fluviales, las dos terrazas superiores son consideradas terrazas apareadas. Durante los últimos 35 años se ha intentado relacionar estos relieves fluviales y generar modelos que permitan explicar la formación de terrazas a lo largo de la sección del Bow River entre Calgary y las Rocosas. En este estudio, las cenizas de Mazama y análisis de paleosuelos datando del Holoceno temprano han sido empleados para establecer una correlación de la serie de terrazas examinadas con anterioridad y así generar un modelo que explique la formación del conjunto de las terrazas superiores. Este par de terrazas refleja episodios importantes de sedimentación y pérdida de materiales como resultado de cambios en variables independientes tales como el clima y el elevamiento. El primer episodio de sedimentación data del Pleistoceno superior, y fue el resultado de un proceso paraglaciar acontecido en un ambiente escasamente cubierto de vegetación y sin embargo saturado. Después de un episodio breve de degradación al final del periodo de Younger Dryas, un segundo episodio de sedimentación (situado entre 9000 y 5000 años anteriores al presente) fue provocado por un incremento de la acumulación de sedimentos ocasionado por la disminución de la fuerza del cauce durante el Hypsithermal.
Parties annexes
References
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