Résumés
Abstract
Optical dating is a well-established method that is used to determine the time elapsed since quartz or feldspar grains were last exposed to sunlight, which usually dates the time elapsed since their burial in a sedimentary deposit. Only a few seconds of direct sunlight are needed to reset the “mineral clock”, making the method ideal for dating the formation of eolian landforms. In this paper we describe how we use violet luminescence that is emitted in response to near-infrared excitation of sand-sized K-feldspar grains to date the time of formation of eolian dunes on the Canadian prairies. Using the multiple-aliquot with thermal transfer correction method, together with a test for sufficient sunlight exposure, and a correction for anomalous fading, we are able to produce accurate optical ages ranging from 150 years to more than 11 ka with precision usually better than 10 % at 2σ. Ages are given for dunes in the Dundurn and Elbow sand hills of south-central Saskatchewan, the climatic significance of which is provided in a paper also in the present volume. Knowledge of when the dunes were stable, and when they were not, is used to help understand the nature and timing of Holocene climate change in the area.
Résumé
La datation optique est une méthode reconnue employée pour déterminer le temps écoulé depuis que des grains de quartz ou de feldspath potassique ont été pour la dernière fois exposés à la lumière du soleil, ce qui correspond généralement au temps écoulé depuis leur enfouissement dans un dépôt sédimentaire. Quelques secondes seulement de lumière du soleil directe suffisent pour remettre à zéro « l’horloge minérale », ce qui en fait une méthode parfaitement appropriée pour dater la formation de dépôts éoliens. Nous décrivons ici comment utiliser la luminescence violette émise en réponse à une excitation à l’infrarouge des grains de feldspath de la taille du sable pour dater la formation des dunes dans les Prairies. Grâce à la méthode des portions aliquotes multiples comprenant une correction pour le transfert thermique, ainsi qu’un test d’exposition suffisante au soleil et une correction pour la décroissance anormale, nous pouvons obtenir des âges optiques précis à partir de 150 ans jusqu’à plus 11 ka avec une précision généralement supérieure à 10 % à 2σ. Les âges proviennent des dunes des collines Dundurn et Elbow, dans le centre sud de la Saskatchewan ; leur signification au plan climatique est donnée dans un autre article du présent numéro. La connaissance des périodes de stabilité des dunes sert à comprendre la nature et le synchronisme des changements climatiques survenus dans la région, au cours de l’Holocène
Resumen
La datación óptica es un método conocido que se emplea para determinar el tiempo transcurrido desde que los granos de cuarzo y feldespato fueron expuestos a la luz del sol, este proceso generalmente refleja el tiempo transcurrido durante el cual los sedimentos terminan por ser sepultados. Unos pocos segundos de exposición a la luz del sol bastan para poner en marcha el “reloj mineral”, esta característica permite desarrollar un método ideal para establecer la edad de formaciones eólicas del paisaje. Este manuscrito describe la manera en que se utilizó la emisión de luminiscencia violeta en respuesta a la excitación dentro del rango del infrarrojo cercano sobre granos de arena de feldespato potásico para datar el tiempo de formación eólica de las dunas en las praderas canadienses. Gracias a la combinación del método de múltiples alícuotas con corrección de transferencia térmica, junto con una prueba de exposición solar suficiente y una corrección de decoloración anómala, fuimos capaces de producir una datación óptica adecuada que sitúa dentro del rango de 150 años a mas de 11 000 anteriores al presente, con una precisión generalmente mayor al 10 % a 2σ. Las edades corresponden a las dunas en la colinas de arena de la región de Dundurn y Elbow en la zona centro sur de Saskatchewan; el significado climático de estos datos se discute en otra publicación en este mismo número. El conocimiento de la alternancia de periodos de estabilidad e inestabilidad de las dunas permite comprender la naturaleza y el sincronismo de los cambios climáticos ocurridos en la región durante el Holoceno.
Parties annexes
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