Résumés
Abstract
Stratigraphic investigations into dune fields in Glacial Lake Hind basin reveal three lithologic units: a lake basin unit, a lower eolian unit, and an upper eolian unit. The lake basin unit contains gleyed silty clays representing a low energy lake environment, and coarse sands and black shale gravels representing higher energy depositional environments. The lower eolian unit contains sedimentary and organic laminations and no buried soils. The upper eolian unit does not have laminations, but contains multiple buried soil profiles. Preservation of organic laminations and presence of redoximorphic colouring in the lower eolian unit suggest that it has been preserved by groundwater. The upper eolian unit contains four soil profile types that appear in sequence with an interdunal profile at the bottom and a dune profile at the top. Radiocarbon ages of soils in the upper eolian unit (2350 ± 50 and 1100 ± 40 BP) indicate regional synchronicity with soil forming periods across the northeastern Great Plains. However, the morphology of a buried soil profile depended on the site’s location on the paleolandscape during development.
Résumé
Les recherches stratigraphiques menées dans les champs de dunes du bassin du Lac glaciaire Hind ont permis d’identifier trois unités lithologiques : une unité lacustre, une unité éolienne inférieure et une unité éolienne supérieure. L’unité lacustre est composée d’argiles silteuses gleyifiées, témoignant d’un milieu lacustre de faible énergie, et de sables grossiers ainsi que de graviers de schiste noir, témoignant de milieux de sédimentation de plus grande énergie. L’unité éolienne inférieure contient des feuillets sédimentaires et organiques, mais pas de sol enfoui. L’unité éolienne supérieure ne comprend pas de stratification fine, mais contient plusieurs profils de sol enfoui. La conservation des feuillets organiques et la présence d’une coloration attribuable à l’oxydo-réduction dans l’unité inférieure indiquent qu’elle a été préservée par l’eau souterraine. L’unité supérieure comprend quatre types de profils de sol qui semblent se présenter en séquence, un profil interdunaire étant à la base et un profil dunaire, au sommet. Les âges au radiocarbone de sols de l’unité supérieure (2350 ± 50 et 1100 ± 40 BP) reflète un synchronisme régional quant aux périodes de formation des sols à travers les Grandes Plaines du nord-est. Toutefois, la morphologie d’un profil de sol enfoui dépend de la localisation du site par rapport aux paysages anciens durant leur formation.
Resumen
Los estudios estratigráficos de las dunas de la cuenca del Lake glaciar Hind revelan tres unidades litológicas: una unidad lacustre situada entre dos unidades eólicas una en la parte superior y la otra en la parte inferior. La unidad estratigráfica de la cuenca esta compuesta por arcillas de tipo fangoso que reflejan un ambiente lacustre de baja energía y también por arenas gruesas y pizarras negras típicas de ambientes sedimentarios de alta energía. La unidad eólica inferior contiene capas laminares orgánicas y sedimentarias pero no suelos expuestos. La unidad eólica superior no contiene capas laminares pero contiene perfiles múltiples de suelos sepultados. La conservación de las capas laminares orgánicas y la presencia de coloraciones de reacciones redox en la unidad eólica inferior sugiere que ésta ha sido preservada gracias al agua subterránea. La capa superior contiene cuatro tipos de perfiles de suelo que se alternan con un perfil interdunar en la base y otro en el tope. La datación con radiocarbono de los suelos situados en la unidad eólica superior los sitúan hace 2350 ± 50 y 1100 ± 40 años e indica una sincronía regional con formación de suelos a través de las grandes praderas del noreste. Sin embargo, la morfología de los perfiles de los suelos sepultados depende de la localización del sitio en el paisaje antiguo durante su desarrollo.
Parties annexes
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