McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1932

This thesis contains an account of the nature and uses of sponge iron, the conditions theoretica1ly necessary for its production and methods that have been proposed for its production. It also describes experiments made by the writer to obtain information regarding the conditions essential for the production of sponge iron by heating hematite and magnetite ore with charcoal, peat, lignite, bituminous coal, coke and anthracite. There was no attempt made to devise or test any process tor the commercial production of sponge iron. The purpose of the work was to obtain information which would be fundamental for the design of …  Lire la suite

The phenomenon of polymerization has attracted considerable scientific attention during recent years. This activity is due to the fact that many naturally-occurring materials, important from both the scientific and industrial standpoints, such as cellulose, starch and other complex polysaccharides, resins, rubber and proteins, have been shown to be products whose properties were similar, if not identical, with those of highly polymerized compounds produced in the laboratory. [...]  Lire la suite

The thesis deals with experimental research on concrete oolumns reinforced with horizontal and vertical steel. The object was to find if the horizontal reinforcement actuallyraised the ultimate strength. The somewhat slow, yet manifest changes which have been apparent within comparatively recent years in the design and construction of reinforced concrete structures constitute one of the greatest advances in engineering of the present generation. To mention but two, there is the Kane System of construction whereby the concrete in beams is made to work in conjunction with structural steel. [...]  Lire la suite

The aim of this Thesis has been triple: first, to study the 'high-church' theology of the Church of England under Charles 1 and its relations with Puritanism and Catholicism; secondly, to see to what extent this theology was put into practical effect; and, finally, to estimate the influence, in all this, of Archbishop Laud. Inasmuch as it was in and through the latter that this theology achieved materialization, our study has been largely limited to the years between 1625 and 1640. Many apparently startling omissions have been made, such as any discussion of the relations of the English Churchm with …  Lire la suite

Very few definite facts are known concerning the role of the sympathetic nervous system in the secretory processes of the digestive glands. A certain amount of controversial data has been presented but a true understanding of the sympathetic innervation of the various digestive glands has not been reached. There are several reasons which may account for this. Investigation of the function of the sympathetic nerve supply to the digestive glands involves many experimental difficulties. In all experimental work involving stimulation of the symnpathetic nerves, the characterfstic vasoconstrictor action of these nerves is encountered. [...]  Lire la suite

The question of sex differantiation in education resolves itself into two problems 1} whether men and women should receive the same type of education, 2) whether the two sexes should be educated together. The first question entailed a discussion of the ideas concerning women which have controlled their lives and their education, of sex-differences, of the necessary function of women in society and the bearing of each of these on education. It was concluded that the similar educaation of men and women was preferable in all respects to sex-differentiation. In treating the second question, the objections to co-education were first …  Lire la suite

During recent years tbe increasing economic importance of the mosaic and other virus diseases of our crop plants has given a great impetus to the study of these obscure troubles. As a result, the known mosaics have been increased £rom the single one affecting tobacco to numerous mosaics of other Solanaceae, Leguminoseae and Gramineae, with scattered cases in twenty or more additional families of both Monoctotyledons end Dicotyledons. Current literature is replete with reports of mosaic diseases on new plants, either wild or cultivated, and studies concerning plant virus diseases are daily entering widely divergent channels of research. [...]  Lire la suite

A crystalline oestrogenic hormone has been isolated from human placenta. This substance shows a melting point ot 274 c. (uncorrected). The carbon-hydrogen analysis gives carbon 74.8 per cent, hydrogen 8.8 per cent. The mixed melting point with theelol shows no lowering. The substance differs physiologically from previously isolated female sex hormones. It is relatively inactive on the adult ovariectomized albino rat. The dose required is 16y, as compared to 1.5y for theelol. It is however, effective on the immature intact rat, 21 days old, in a dose of 1.2y. This is the same as theelol. [...]  Lire la suite

The tramway on Mount Royal exposes a complete eastwest section of the alkaline gabbro, from the contact with the lowest part of the Utica Shale, which is covered by the tunnel on the east, to the tip of a screen of Trenton limestone which extends into the mass from the west. The alkaline gabbro is not simple but is a complex of intrusive masses of somewhat similar character. In general, the early facias, which contains oli vine, is the most mafic-rich, and the younger facies are correspondingly richer in plagioclase, which is more sodic in composition than that of the …  Lire la suite

This paper covers the external and part of the internal anatomy of Halictus lerouxi LeP., a small solitary bee found in large numbers in the fruit belt of Nova Sootia. The structures throughout are compared with those of the honey bee, and closely resemble them in most cases. The lacinia of the maxilla is apparently absent. The tentorium bears a pair of dorsal arms, and the anterior and posterior arms of the two sides are connected by a V-shaped lamella. The thorax consists of the usual three segments plus the first abdominal segment or propodeum. The abdomen consists of nine …  Lire la suite

Already Nothnagel's (1867) experiments made on vasomotor innervation of the pial arteries, lead him to suggest the presence of some ·other vaso-motor pathways from the central nervous system to the pial arteries than that represented by the cervical sympathetic trunk. He pointed to the cranial nerves, commnnicating with the internal carotid nerve, as the other possible routes for these vaso-motor nerve fibers. [...]  Lire la suite

The victory of Japan over Russia in 1905 was a surprise to the world. The war was fought mostly on Chinese soil, and each of the combatants hoped to dominate Manchuria. China hadnothing to say in the whole matter. She was not consulted at the beginning nor at the end, yet the war was fought on China's account. In 1911 the tottering Manchu dynasty finally fell, and China became a Republic. The object of this thesis is to make a study of the years between 1904 and 1911, and to try to trace the influence of the Russo-Japanese war upon …  Lire la suite

Stability of a power system may be defined as the capacity of the system to remain in equilibrium under steady load oonditions, and its ability to regain a state of equilibrium after a disturbance has taken place. The first part of this definition is referred to as "static stability", and the seoond part as "transient stability." The maintenanoe of stability on the modern power system is obviously of the utmost importance, since a line deficient in stability is inoperative. [...]  Lire la suite

Seebeck in 1821 first observed that in a circuit consisting of two different metals, a current was caused to flow if the two junctions were at different temperatures, and the direction of the current depended on which junction was hotter than the other. He systematically investigated a large number or metals and found that they could be arranged in a Table, similar to Table No. 1 ( q.v.) so that the current flowed at the hot junction from a given metal to any one below it. This is called a "Thermoelectric Series". [...]  Lire la suite

Studies of secondary gall formation by Pseudomonas tumefaciens on tomato, tobacco, Paris daisy and Bryophyllum were conducted. Isolation from the stem showed that the organism cantravel varying distances up the plant from the point of entrance. Secondary gall production indicated that the bacteria really travelled greater distances in the plant than is indicated by isolations. The migration of the organism is greatly influenced by the transpiration stream. [...]  Lire la suite

"If I would select among the deeds of the present government one which I would give as an instance approaching a revolution I should rather select that of Old Age Pensions ... It was no doubt a considerable change, but a change even if it be a revolution ... of which ample notice had been given." So spoke sir Edward Grey, in reference to the Act which the government in which he was Foreign Secretary passed in 1908 ( l). Credit for the grant of pensions to the aged has bean disputed as between the two historic parties in Britain, …  Lire la suite

The expansion of agriculture into the more northerly latitudes brings growers and breeders face to face with the problem of winter hardiness. The economic importance of the subject has given an impetus to investigation along this line and much recent literature has been devoted to it. The problem is not a new one. Greek philosphers were aware of the difference in cold resistance between plants. They reasoned that plants, like animals, develop heat for protection. This idea remained prevalent for such a long time that practically all our knowledge on the subject is comparatively new. [...]  Lire la suite

When one pauses to consider the whole vegetable kingdom; forest, shrubs, grasses, and plants or the higher types, as built up of cellulose crystals, one readily appreciates the importance of a clear conception of the cellulose unit and its properties. Particularly is this true of its behaviour towards water, for upon these latter relations have been builta large part of our modern civilized structure. In view of the above mentioned facts it seems in order to discuss briefly the structure and specific volume of cellulose and wood, together with some particular swelling properties. [...]  Lire la suite

Maple syrup and sugar belong to North America and are produced only in limited areas of this continent, namely Eastern Canada and adjacent States, New England and Middle-West states. The manufacture of maple syrup probably dates back to a period before the advent of the white man because Sy (22) in a review of the writings of early discoverers, notes many allusions to the preparation by the Indians of a kind of sugar and syrup from the sap of the maple tree. There appears to be some difference of opinion as to whether the French settlers taught the Indians the …  Lire la suite

The gamma ketonic ester, methyl[alpha]-phenyl-[beta]-p chlorbenzoyl propionate, has been prepared and condensed with benzaldehyde to form an unsaturated lactone. This ester has also been condensed with piperonal to form an analogous product. Methyl[alpha]-phenyl-[beta]-p-brombenzoyl propionate and methyl[alpha]-phenyl-[beta]-anisoyl propionate, when condensed with benzaldehyde and piperonal in a similar manner, formed unsaturated lactones of the same type. These unsaturated lactones have a tertiary hydroxyl group, and are therefore lactols. [...]  Lire la suite

The present research has been carried out with the object of determining some of the physical and chemical properties of a series of homologous supermolecular products - the polyethylene glycols and their derivatives - with a view to obtaining an insight into the nature of the mechanism connected with polymerization and association, in particular,of carbohydrates and polysaccharides, such as pentosans, hexosans, starch, cellulose, etc. [...]  Lire la suite

The writer of this monograph makes no pretense to the presentation of an exhaustive treatise. The Customs Tariff has remained long enough the pet topic of Economic Debating Societies and professional politicians. An extensive and prolonged study of Canadian statues concerning the tariff, customs administration, bounties and external preferences has convinced the writer that, in the words of the Australian Tariff Enquiry Committee, "The tariff is a dangerous drug in the hands of those who are not properly qualified to handle it". [...]  Lire la suite

"Read the City articles in the great newspapers", says Bernard Shaw, "and you will ask yourselves if you are not living in a lunatic asylum. The answer is that you are." Mr. Shaw's shafts may be sharp, but they always are well-aimed. One pities indeed the layman's perplexity as he tries in vain to understand what is going on around him. Breadlines coiled "like drugged serpents" around the feet of skyscrapers, while brass-throated oracles incantate their magic formulas overproduction, underconsumption, oversaving, underspending. [...]  Lire la suite

The chief interest of these studies is centred in the recovery process following muscular activity. The changes accompanying the recovery process are associated with an excessoxygen consumption. When this work was chosen by the writer as a research problem, the view was well-established that the excess oxygen consumed during recovery was inseparably united with the removal of lactic acid and resynthesis of glycogen. It was with the realization of the need of further knowledge of the resynthesis of glycogen that the problem was undertaken. [...]  Lire la suite

The question of the migration of atoms and radicals is one of the most important problems in organic chemistry. This phenomenon is found associated with two specific types of atom migration, namely that involved in (a) intermolecular and that in (b) intramolecular reactions. Of the various atoms and radicals which play a marked role in migration. the hydrogen atom on the one hand, and the acyl radicals on the other, represent two of the most important types. At the same time the less well-known phenomena associated with the migration of oxygen and chlorine atoms offer much of theoretical interest. [...]  Lire la suite

The work to be described in this thesis forms a part of a general investigation which is being carried out in this laboratory on sulphite systems. This series of researches was instituted for two reasons, In the first place, there was very little available data on solutions of sulphurous acid and its salts, and much of what was available was of such a nature as to be open to question. Such experiments as had been carried out were usually confined to a narrow concentration or temperature range. [...]  Lire la suite

During the summer of 1930, the writer was engaged in the detailed mapping of the geology of Newton and other townships, in Ontario, comprising the Algoma Eastern Railway Land Grant, primarily with the object of determining their economic possibilities. In the execution of this work an interesting rock assemblage was encountered on the northern boundary of Newton Township, between Mile Posts I and 11. It was deemed that the petrology and age relationships of these rocks was worthy of a more intensive study, and that such an investigation would form a suitable thesis subject. [...]  Lire la suite

The investigation to be described deals with the measurement of the vapour pressures and conductivities of the three component system calcium oxide - water - sulphur dioxide, and incidentally of the two component system calcium oxide - water. The investigation covers a large range of variations in temperature and in concentration. The above is a concise statement of the experimental side of the problem. The development of new experimental technique for making these measurements had, of course, a theoretical objective, viz. an elucidation of the equilibria existing in these systems, especially as there is an intensely practical side to this …  Lire la suite

Corporation Quarry is on the northern edge of the Mt. Royal intrusive plug. Three ages of intrusive rock, - essexite, syenitic breccia, and nepheline syenite, are represented here, as well as seven ages of dykes. The following geological sequence was observed in the Quarry; beginning with the oldest rocks:- 1. Trenton limestone.2. Essexite,- coarse grained, melanocratic, varying greatly in texture. Composed essentially of titaniferous augite, magnesiohastingsi te arnphi bole, calcic plagioclase ranging from An85 to An30, with accessory olivine, titanite, magnetite and apatite. 3. Alkalic lamprophyre dykes;- black, fine-grained, composed essentially of needles of magnesiohastingsite set in a ground mass …  Lire la suite

Washington Irving avait six ans quand la Révolution française éclata. Son père était un des commerçants de New York dont les affaires souffrirent à cause des guerres européennes,et, naturellement, le jeune Washington entendit bien des discussions au sujet de la Révolution. Plusieurs années après, en 1849, quand il fit une visite à la maison natale, il raconta à son neveu Pierre Monroe Irving un incident qui montre la forte impression faite sur son esprit par les histoires de la Révolution quand il était encore un enfant. [...]  Lire la suite

In this work heat capacity measurements have been made upon gelatin gels in order to obtain some information concerning the relationship which exists between the gelatin and the water in a gelatin gel. Heat capacity curves have been obtained for dry gelatin, an 88% gel and a 24% gel, and a calculation has been made of the amount of water in a 24% gel which is in the same state as that in an 88% gel. [...]  Lire la suite

During this investigation, methods for the determination of the principal constituents ot bile have been studied. Since fundamentally, the composition of bile depends upon physiological processes a review is also presented of the main physiological and biochemical factors which affect the chemical composition of bile. A summary of available analytical data will also be presented. Methods for the analysis of these constituents of the bile, viz: bile-pigments, bile acids, and cholesterol have also been investigated. The errors inherent in each method have been noted. [...]  Lire la suite

From the first it appeared that the patterns yielded by a certain class of xenon spectral lines were of undoubted interest inasmuch as they represent regular variations not found in patterns or other spectra, and reach degrees of complexity greater than previously observed for any individual members of multiplet series. It has been possible to classify patterns of diffuse series lines and to relate them to the at·omie model. Other details of displacement have been observed and discussed and related to theoretical considerations wherever possible. It must be borne in mind, however, that the complexity of the xenon atom precludes …  Lire la suite

This Thesis undertakes the study of the significance of standards of living among the wage-earning population and an analysis of how they have been measured. Part I deals with the concept "standard of living", its origin, and the development of interest in such studies during the last 250 years, and classifies studies on the basis of the underlying purpose and methods used. Part II shows the results of a study made by the writer relating to a specially selected group of unskilled workers in Montreal in 1931. Part III is a general comparison of the results of some inquiries in …  Lire la suite

The purpose of this paper is to present a theory of the functioning of the synapse based on the exoperimental work of Sherrington and Pavlov, on reflexes and inhibitions. The implications of these for psychological theory, in some of its aspects, has been far from clear....  Lire la suite

Steacie, E. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

In the Kane System or Composite Construction, rolled steel sections are replaced by welded, open web trusses which are haunched in concrete in the usual way. The concrete haunch, however, is figured to take stress. The trusses are strong enough in their unhaunched condition to resist the construction load or the wet concrete, and their material is so placed that it combines with the concrete in exactly the same way as does ordinary reinforcing to resist the superimposed load which comes on the frame after the concrete has set. [...]  Lire la suite

Barley is one of the most ancient of cultivated plants. Even in the accounts of the earliest historians barley is mentioned. Little is known of the ancient species, however, as the whole group is so much alike that they were classed as one, namely, "barley". As an example of this de Candolle (1882) says, the mention of the occurrence of "wild and cultivated barley" by Berosus, Moses, Chorene, Pansanias, Marco Polo, and more raecently Olivier, in a given country, proves nothing because they made no reference to the species to which they referred. [...]  Lire la suite

That colorful period knovm (according to one's taste) as "the gay nineties", "the yellow nineties" , "Tthe decadent nineties",or "the romantic ninetiestt , produced one of the most brilliant group of men England has ever brought forth in a single decade. Swinburne, Meredith, and Tennyson are among the older geniuses of the age, whilst Oscar Wilde, Aubrey Beardsley, Frances Thompson, and Max Beerbohm are in the vanguard of the younger men. The spirit of the age was one of curious revolt, which was in reality the beginning of our twentieth century modernism. [...]  Lire la suite

Keys, D. A. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The previous data concerning the densities of acetaldehyde, and of mixtures of acetaldehyde and paraldehyde were found to be unsatisfactory, nor had the density of metaldehyde previously been determined. In former experiments on the catalytic polymerization of acetaldehyde, oxygen-free acetaldehyde was not used. [...]  Lire la suite

An investigation of a disease outbreak causing severe damage on pea in Gaspe county has shown that two fungus diseases are reeponsible for practically all the losses. These are Ascochyta leaf and pod spot or blight oaused by Ascochyta pisi Lib. and Mycosphaerella blight oaused by Mycosphaerella (Berk and Blox). Stone. Laboratory experiemnts have shown that the pathogenic activities of these two blight producing fungi are favoured by cool moist conditions. This finding explains the epidemic nature of the two blights in Gaspe as compared to the rest of the province, sinca the climate in the pea-growing area of Gaspe …  Lire la suite

It must be understood that the comparison involved in this thesis is purely from an evolutionary standpoint. That is to say that we have on the one hand a system of training teachers which has become very highly developed over a period exceeding 100 years, and on the other the Quebec system which is some thirty years younger and in a much less advanced state. A stranger coming into contact with the latter system for the first time naturally sees its incomplete development and is moved to enquire into the reasons for this state and to consider whether the development …  Lire la suite

In our modern society are to be found various recreational and educational groups each of which performs a function that is commonly referred to as group work. These groups have developed to give guidance to their members in making important life adjustments. "The underlying philosophy of group work maintains that normal and satisfying group activities tend to develop in the individual a richer personality that is emotionally sound and effective in its adjustment to other people; also that group life is the means of passing on the social patterns, customs and conventions by which society is organized." (1) [...]  Lire la suite

Considerable work has been carried out in these laboratories on the purification and investigation of the properties of pure hydrogen peroxide. The original intention of the writer was to continue these researches. The measurement of the dielectric constant of hydrogen peroxide, the solubility of cellulose in hydrogen peroxide and its electric moment were considered as possible fields for investigation. [...]  Lire la suite

This paper describes a method used in measuring the ratio or magnetic field intensities within conducting cylindrical and spherical shells to that outside, values being given for various frequencies between 1000 and 30,000 cycles per second of the exciting field and various length and radii. A theoretical derivation of a shielding formula is given for a thin spherical shell and a cylindrical one of infinite length. Satisfactory agreement between theory and observation is found in the case of the sphere and in cylinders of lengths greater than their diameters. [...]  Lire la suite

A liberal education does not imply a one-track standardized curriculum. The latter is a misinterpretation of democratic and educational ideals. Variety in pupils' capacities and interests suggests the expediency of diversification of curricula in secondary education. Certain subjects must be included in every curriculum, but each pupil's timetable need not show the same relative quantity or time spent in every subject. The provision of a few typical alternative courses would enable pupils to make a selection suitable to their aptitudes and tastes. An initial examination would confirm objectively each pupil's fitness for the course preferred. [...]  Lire la suite

In 1927 Johnston and Maass began an investigation on the penetration of liquids into wood. This study was one which had been suggested by Dr. John Campbell as being of potential importance in connection with the manufacture of chemical pulp. The work of Johnston and Maass was undertaken chiefly for the purpose of investigating the mechanics of forced penetration through wood. But these workers made some observations also upon the penetration of acid and alkaline cooking liquors. The results of their researches indicated that further work along this line might be of great interest. [...]  Lire la suite

This thesis presents a study of Edmond Rostand in the United States on the stage, in book form, in the classroom, and with the critics. We have discussed triumphant performances of Rostand' s dramas both in English and in French, emphasizing those of the celebrated Americans--Mansfield, Adams, and Hampden and of the immortal French artists--Bernhardt andCoquelin. This consideration of Rostand in the theatre brings to our attention the famous "Gross plagiarism suit," which we have discussed at length, as well as two other minor cases. We have next listed and appraised the extant translations and widely circulated text books. Then …  Lire la suite

Steel is the basic material in the production of the entire mechanism of modern industry and transportation. Steel has been called the "core of capitalism". The very word is fraughtwith romance. It is the symbol of strength. The ramifications of its production include the ownership of mineral deposits, of coal mines, of huge plants - an integrated whole. The stress and conflict of the present economic era are reflected in the growth of the steel industry. The competitive system generated the desire and necessity of control, and in this process the introduction of huge amounts of capital followed. It was …  Lire la suite