McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1939

Interest in the critical temperature phenomena was stimulated in this laboratory some ten years ago when Maass and Sutherland (60), in an investigation of the influence of molecular forces and orientation upon reaction velocity, made an interesting observation. They found that the velocity coefficient of the reaction between propylene and hydrogen chloride in the liquid state increased with rise in temperature but suddenly dropped off to zero at the critical temperature of the mixture. This was the fillip of a number of investigations on various phases of the critical temperature phenomena, of which the present is one. [...]  Lire la suite

The scope of this thesis is restricted to the external anatomy of the adult of the four-1ined 1eaf bug, Poeci1ocapsus 1ineatus Fab. (1798). The writer had a taxonomic interest in the Miridae, and selected this species for a morpholog1ca1 study because it is a large and well-known form, and may be considered typical of the family. Its heavy sclerotization and relative lack of pigmentation render it particularly suitable for such a study. [...]  Lire la suite

Any material used in combination with nicotine to produce a more effective kill than would be otherwise obtained by using nicotine alone, may be termed an adjuvant of the nicotine. The adjuvant may or may not have toxic qualities in itself, depending on such factors as the species of insect concerned and the meteorological conditions at the time of application. The effect which an adjuvant has upon nicotine may be due to either physical or chemical factors but more probably to a combination of both. Physically, the adjuvant may bring about more effective spreading and sticking, with greater ability to …  Lire la suite

One of the most interesting problems of the physical sciences has been the investigation of the changes of form and properties which occur when matter passes from one state of aggregation to another. Of these transitions, no the least fascinating is that from liquid to gas. For well over a hundred years, the nature and mechanism of the changes which a liquid undergoes as its temperature is raised, have been the subject of much experimentation and contemplation. Even now the problem is still a controversial one. There are two distinct schools of thought, "both presenting good evidence in support of …  Lire la suite

One of the principal items entering into the operation of the cyclotron is the ion source: - central source supplying an adequate current of protons, deuterons or helium ions. In first developing the cyclotron, Lawrence chose to ionize the gas by electron bombardment which method is used in the majority of cyclotrons now in existence. A flat spiral filament one-half inch in diameter was mounted in the centre of the cyclotron chamber directly above the diametral gap in the dees and kept at 1000 volts negative with respect to its water cooled shield and the walls. The gas to be …  Lire la suite

Considerable work has been done on the halogenation of optically active secondary carbinols. Pickard and Kenyon have prepared a number of optically active secondary halides trom the corresponding carbinols. They used hydrogen halides as the halogenating agents and in every case tested the conversion was found to be accompanied by a change in sign of rotation. They produced evidence that a Walden inversion was associated with this change of sign of rotation. They also believed that no racemization had occurred. In a later paper they reported the regeneration of an optically active secondary carbinol trom the halide by hydrolysis. [...]  Lire la suite

The tachinid genus, Gonia Meigen, has long been known to contain several distinct American species. Descriptions of at least nineteen of these have been published. Determinations have been based on many different characters, of which those of the male genitalia have been favoured recently. It is, however, admittedly difficult, if not almost impossible, to describe in words slight differences in the shape or contour of such structures. Yet in no case has one of these characters been illustrated. [...] To this end the present work was undertaken. An attempt has been made to clear up the taxonomy of the group, …  Lire la suite

The property of Siscoe Gold Mines, Limited, consists of some 1600 acres in Abitibi county and lies in the eastern portion of the Quebec gold belt. It is 275 miles northwest of the City of Montreal and approximately 5 miles northwest of Val D'or. The Varsan-Dubuisson township line passes through the property, although practically all the present mine workings are in northern Dubuisson. The mine is located on Siscoe island near the northeastern shore of Lake Montigny*. Seventy-five percent of the property lies beneath the lake. Transportation during the early stages of mine development was by water route from the …  Lire la suite

The experimental work which comprises the subject matter of this- thesis was carried out in the Metallurgicel and Ore Dressing Laboratories at McGill University. A flotation concentrate from the Beattie Mine, received at the University in the fall of 1936 was used. At the time the treatment of the ore at this property consisted of direct cyanidation followed by flotation, the flotation concentrate being shipped by rail and water to the Tacoma Smelter of the American Refining and Smelting Co. Ltd. Since the investigation concerns itself with the extraction of gold from arsenical ores by the cyanide process, a short …  Lire la suite

"L'art qui glorifie l'enfant est un art chrétien. Mais cet art chrétien a suivi et subi l'évolution des moeurs et des modes. Aux époques où la famille est fermée est austère, où la littérature est raisonnable et raisonneuse l'enfant reste à l'écart dans le secret des chambres attendant l'âge de la pleine raison. Rousseau va le chercher dans cet asile où il se dissimule, et le mêle aux adultes, qui lui font fête, s'attendrissent sur lui et se préoccupent de l'élever pour en faire un homme. Depuis près d'un siècle, nous avons changé de méthode, nous considérons l'entant en lui-même, …  Lire la suite

The photosynthesis of carbohydrates by the chloroplasts of green plants is an important process, and one that has received considerable study. Most of these studies have been concerned with the effect of external factors, such as light, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration on the rate of photosynthesis by the plant. These studies have yielded valuable information, but the actual mechanism of photosynthesis is yet unknown; a new line of attack is necessary before the chemioal changes involved in the photosynthesis of carbohydrates by the whole plant can be elucidated because these changes are complicated by other processes, such as respiration, …  Lire la suite

Chiasma studies in Trillium were made, (a) so that more might be learned of the nature and behavior of chiasmata, and possibly of their origin, and (b) because it seemed probable that at least most chiasmata represented genetic cross-overs, and it was hoped that such a study would yield evidence on crossing-over which either could not be obtained from genetic studies or which might be of interest when compared with the results of such studies. [...]  Lire la suite

As recently as 1933 one of the leading educational psychologists on this continent, Dr. S. L. Pressey of Ohio state University, was able to deliver with impunity a stinging indictment of professional education [...] The investigation of some aspects of this uncharted territory constitutes the purpose of the research project reported in this thesis, the initial work of which was undertaken in 1931, two years before the publication of Professor Pressey's book. [...]  Lire la suite

Twenty-seven fertilizer treatments with celery were set out in duplicate on muck soil on 1/57.6 acre plots. The yields were recorded by weight, and analysed by the analysis of variance. Nitrogen, phosphorus and potash all gave very significant increases over the nil treatment. Doubling the phosphorus and potash in the basic treatment resulted in further increments in yield. Celery was grown in quartz sand in the greenhouse and nutrients approximating the fertilizers used in the field were applied as nutrient solutions. The effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash on the growth of tops and roots and on the number of …  Lire la suite

A new type of adiabatic electrical calorimeter has been designed for use at high pressures, by means of which the heat capacities of gases at constant volume can be determined over short temperature ranges with an accuracy of about 0.2%. The arrangements are such that the lags occurring after a change in temperature in the critical region can be followed, and their effect as an error in the heat capacity measurement eliminated. A very efficient low temperature fractionating unit has been constructed, in order to assure the purity of the material used. The heat capacity of ethylene has been determined …  Lire la suite

The trend of modern science is toward the study of the very fundamentals of things. Just as "modern physicsn is the study of matter in its most elementary state, one of the more advanced fields of chemistry is the study of reactions in their most elementary form. The reactions studied by early chemists were, kinetically speru~ing, of rather a complicated nature. Early experience showed that a process could or could not be made to go, but why it took place and what path it followed was beyond the ken of early investigators. From Berthollet's age until the time of Hinshelwood …  Lire la suite

This introduction is divided into two parts: a brief Historical Survey of Lignin Chemistry and a General Section in which are discussed certain aspects of plant chemistry and related subjects which have a direct bearing on the problem at hand. The historical survey is not intended to be an inclusive review of the findings of the many workers in the field during its long and devious development. Several reviews of this type are at present available; notable are: for the older work, that of Phillips (1), and more recently, that of von Wacek (2). The present survey is intended to …  Lire la suite

Steacie, E. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

A statistical study of the carcass measurements and the oharacteristics of the back £at from bacon pigs fed rations varying in fat content are reported. A change of as little as .4% of fat in the ration resulted in a marked change in the composition of the body fat. Barrow carcasses are firmer and carry a greater depth of back fat than those of gilts. The fat of the former also contains less moisture and has an iodine number 2% lower than that of gilts. Of the chemical constants of the fat, iodine number interprets the observed firmness of the …  Lire la suite

A hithertofore unknown aldehyde has been isolated from the ethanolysis products of maple wood as a pure crystalline compound. The structure of this new compound has been completely elucidated from an investigation of its properties and derivatives. The isolation and identification of this aldehyde has thrown new light upon the structure of lignin and the mechanism of the synthesis of plant pigments. A new method has been developed for the complete, chemical separation of the syringyl and guaiacyl components found in the aldebydic fraction from the ethanolysis products of maple wood.  Lire la suite

[...] Ce que je présente dans les pages qui suivent n'est pas, à la rigueur une thèse. C'est plutôt une analyse dont le but est de faire réfléter comme dans un miroir les moeurs du quinzième siècle, et surtout la question féminine. Je m'en excuse à l'avance, comme Martin Le Franc lui-même s'excuse d'entreprendre une telle tâche, disant que son "engin" est trop petit. Avec lui, je prie qu'on p'e se mon oeuvre "non pas selon la quantité du don mais en la balance du courage et du coeur."  Lire la suite

Up to the end of the last century, the only mode of functional co-ordination in the organism which was understood was that of reflex nervous mechanism. With the discovery however of specific hormones, the concept that there might be a humoral co-ordinating mechanism began to be entertained. [...] It is now generally accepted that the specific hormones are produced in especially developed glandular organs, the glands of internal secretion, and are transported by the blood stream to distant organs where they exert their effect. [...] In contra-distinction to these, there are substances not only produced in any one organ but …  Lire la suite

Canada is still a young country with a comparatively small population of about eleven millions scattered over a very large territory of 3,690,043 square miles. This is approximately three persons per square mile. Spread over this large area, natural resources of many different kinds are to be found and it is upon this abundant wealth that Canada's economy is based. For, the exploitation of these resources has led to the output of commodities of many kinds and far in excess of the consuming power of the existing population. This excess production has to be disposed of, and therefore, Canada has …  Lire la suite

The research of the past thirty or forty years has revealed the true importance of the justices of the peace in the growth of the government of England. Historians have therefore devoted a good deal of attention to the development of the office of these county magistrates; Miss Putnam and Dr. Kimba11 have dealt with the early part of their history, Mr. Beard has traced their evolution up to the reign of James I., and the Webbs have described the ascendancy of the squires in the 18th and 19th centuries. This study is an attempt to fill in a part, …  Lire la suite

Investigations have been carried out for a number of years on the soils of the Eastern Townships of the Province of Quebec. This area includes the counties or Brome, Compton, Richmond, Shefford, Sherbrooke, and Stanstead. The Problem. It has been found that many of the agricultural soils in this region exhibit low fertility coupled with high organic matter content. This condition suggests that the organic matter is or a relatively inert nature; for a high organic matter content in mineral soils is usually associated with a correspondingly high state of fertility. Accordingly, it seemed desirable to obtain some definite information …  Lire la suite

Fatuoids, or false wild oats, are aberrant plants which have been found in almost all varieties of the cultivated oats Avena sativa and Avena byzantina. They derive their name from the similarity of their appearance to that of the wild oat Avena fatua. In nearly all cases they originate spontaneously as a form heterozygous for the fatuoid characters, the phenotype of which differs from the normal cultivated oat mainly in the possession of a stronger awn on the first grain and stronger pubescence at the base of the grain. In the next generation these heterozygous forms segregate normal cultivated oats …  Lire la suite

During the summer of 1936, the writer spent two months as assistant geologist under Dr. H.M. Bannerman, making a detailed survey of the Lake Rowan Gold Mines property at Golden Arm, Red Lake, Ontario. This work was carried out under the direction of Dr.J.E. Gill end was undertaken for the purpose of estimating the prospective value of the claims and to provide an accurate foundation of fact on which to base plans for additional exploratory work.  Lire la suite

The colouring matter is the name applied to a coloured material believed to be present in chemical wood pulps and regarded, by workers in the field, to be of considerable importance in the bleaching of these pulps. In the production of a good quality white pulp from wood, two main steps are involved, namely the "cooking" of the wood, and the bleaching of the raw pulp obtained. [...] Of the two main types of chemical pulps used commercially, namely, (a) acid or sulphite pulps, (prepared by heating under pressure with acid bisulphite solutions), and (b) alkaline pulps (prepared by heating …  Lire la suite

The plays of Euripides have led to far more discussion concerning their merit and interpretation than those of either Sophocles or Aeschylus. Controversies have especially been provoked by his expression of religious thought, for in this respect he at times appears to be exceedingly radical. A consideration of this side of his writing will become an essential part of the following dissertation. The present topic chosen can include, according to definition, a wide range of material, since the general meaning for aetiology is given in the Oxford Dictionary as "the assignment of causes." But the particular application to be considered …  Lire la suite

The Jewish group offers a picture different in certain ways from other racial and ethnic minorities in Montreal and in Canada. The main period of its history in Canada begins about 1900. In Montreal a small, compact nucleus of Jewish population in the nineteenth century has expanded and developed into a large, comparatively heterogeneous and widely scattered, yet solidly integrated, self-conscious community. The changing ecological pattern of the Jewish community is traced, in relation to the growth of the city of Montreal as a whole* Informal habits, as well as formal structures, reveal the differences in adjustment and assimilation between …  Lire la suite

The detailed geology of an area south of Cote des Neiges road in Westmount, P. Q. was mapped and correlated with that of two adjoining areas, which had been already studied. The major plutonic rock is essexite, which represents the south-west extention of the main Mount Royal intrusive. On the western contact, between the essexite and the Trenton limestone, an intrusion of syenite outcrops, which is cut by younger syenite dikes. The Trenton limestone, essexite, and older syenite are cut by numerous lamprophyre dikes such as camptonite, monchiquite, fourchite, and leuco-lamprophyres. Aplite dikelets and dikes of a composition similar to …  Lire la suite

In 1620 Sir Allen Apsley was Lieutenant of the Tower of London. Observant tourists passing the lodgings of the Lieutenant early in February of that year might have seen signs of unusual bustling and excitement, for a girl-child had been born to the Lieutenant's wife on January 29th. She was christened Lucy, and was destined to have her name live through the centuries as one of the heroines of the English Civil War. As three boys had been born before Lucy, a girl was welcomed with particular warmth. [...]  Lire la suite

The research work to be described in the following pages of this thesis deals with a further investigation of the properties of cellulose and especially the cellulose -water system. While the organic structure of cellulose is important, this physico-chemical investigation deals with the physical structure of cellulose and the influence of water upon it. When it is considered how much of the nature of cellulose is bound up in its fibrous structure, its tensile strength, and the swelling behavior that it exhibits, it is seen how inadequate are formulae which explain only its chemical reactions and leave its physical properties …  Lire la suite

On account of the inclination of the earth's axis of rotation the latitudes nearer the poles are annually and alternately subjected to temperatures below the freezing point. This periodicity of temperature is reflected in the seasonal rhythm in the physiology of the living organisms indigenous to these latitudes. It is not better portrayed than in plants, which on account of their poikilothermic and hydrated nature freeze when exposed to temperatures slightly below the freezing point. Thus in temperate regions the trees and exposed parts of shrubs and herbs are frozen solid for some time during the cold season and the …  Lire la suite

A number of studies of the properties of cellulose and of the cellulose-water system have been made in this laboratory. The general aim of this investigation was to obtain further information by means of heats of wetting measurements. Several different studies were made and for purposes of clarity are presented in separate sections. A new technique for the determination of the heat of wetting of bone dry cellulose was developed; using this method the value for the heat of wetting of standard cotton was measured. A study of the hysteresis effect observed in water sorption was made by measuring the …  Lire la suite

By the year 1855 agriculturalists had accumulated sufficient evidence to uphold the contention that phosphorus was essential in order to support plant growth. Numerous attempts have been made since that time to fractionate the categories of phosphorus in soil, and the problem is a very important and live issue to-day. [...] The purpose of this investigation was to develop a method of fractionation which could be applied to soils and soil extracts, and which would establish the nature of some of the organic and inorganic phosphorus components present in soil. [...] It has been known for many years that the …  Lire la suite

A knowledge of the processes governing the intake of water and food substances by parasites from the tissues of their hosts is essential for a full understanding of parasitism, but the study of this aspect of the nutrition of phytopathogens is decidedly incomplete. The more destructive parasites which manifest the phenomenon of "action in advance" are considered to be able to satisfy their nutritiona1 requirements from materials liberated from host cells which are killed by some toxin or enzyme secreted by, and diffusing in advance of, the parasitizing mycelium; but the more highly specialized parasites such as the rust fungi …  Lire la suite

L'éducation anglaise, telle que la conçoit Edmond Demolins, s'occupe plus de la formation du caractère que du développement du savoir scolaire. En Angleterre, il admire, surtout, deux 'écoles nouvelles', fondées à la fin du dix-neuvième siècle. Celles-ci renoncent à l'enseignement traditionnel des grandes écoles publiques pour le remplacer par une éducation moderne, adaptée aux exigences de la vie actuelle. L'instruction qui s'y donne, embrasse une variété d'occupations pratiques et artistiques telles que l'agriculture, la menuiserie, le jardinage, le modelage, la peinture, à part les études ordinaires. Les principes qui régissent les études --de ne jamais séparer la théorie de la …  Lire la suite

The property of Amm Gold Mines Limited comprises a group of seven claims in Cadillac Township, Abitibi County, Quebec. The group occupies a position near the north-south centreline of Cadillac Township between the Noranda-Valdor high-way and the Noranda-Valdor branch of the Canadian National Railways. The claims are numbered A-584, A-585 and A-5882l to A-58825 inclusive, and have a combined area or about 370 acres. The property 1s bounded on the east and north by Pandora Cadillac, on the west by Pandora Cadillac, Wood Cadillac, Routhier Cadillac and Benard Cadillac, while the railway right-of-way passes within 150 feet of the most …  Lire la suite

"Comme pour les tableaux" - a dit Eugèn Mel choir de Vogüé - "il y a pour chaque homme un point, le seul d'où l'observateur puisse saisir la vraie valeur de l'ensemble."1 Si cette règle de perspective est vraie pour le psychologue qui cherche à définir le caractère d'un homme, elle l'est tout autant pour le critique en face de l'oeuvre d'un auteur. Car, si cette oeuvre est valable, on peut être assuré qu'elle s'organise autour d'un foyer central où elle puisse sa style et sa signification. [...]  Lire la suite

In view of a revival of interest in nuclear physics at McGill and in anticipation of the building of a cyclotron, a program of construction of auxiliary apparatus was started in 1936, in which the writer took part. Delays in the progress of the cyclotron scheme led to the suggestion that some project be undertaken using naturally radioactive sources. The appearance of the work of Bohr on the nature of nuclear reactions indicated that the scattering of alpha particles by the light nuclei might be expected to provide more immediate information concerning nuclear structure than had hitherto been supposed. These …  Lire la suite

The importance to clinical medicine and surgery of the metabolism of the hormone of the adrenal cortex is becoming increasingly more evident from the recent work of many investigators. It has long been known that in the human, destructive lesions of the adrenal cortex are responsible for the fatal disease described by Addison in 1855 and which bears his name. In Addison's disease, the symptoms and signs are pigmentation of skin and mucous membrane, gastro-intestinal disturbances, asthenia, low blood pressure, dehydration and hamoconcentration (increased sodium excretion, low blood sodium), high blood potassium and hypoglycemia in the terminal stages. [...] Adrenal …  Lire la suite

Genetics and Cytology have, in the past twenty years, combined to place the chromosome in the important role of chief physical link between parent and offspring. Through this body the parent bequeaths its potentialities in the form of determiners which have been called genes. Any portion of an organism which has a function of such significance is obviously a subject for considerable investigation. The study of chromosomes is definitely a part of the somewhat wider study of cell processes. The phenomena of mitosis and cell division certainly involve changes in cell physiology and a knowledge of these changes may well …  Lire la suite

The zinc-lead deposits belonging to the Montauban mineralized zone are in the western part ot Montauban Township, Portneuf County, Quebec, near the village or Montauban-les-Mines. The Montauban mineralized zone may be traced from lot 322, Seignory of Price, across lots 39 to 45, inclusive, and into Block C of Montauban Township. The area is about 6 miles south of Montauban, formerly known as Notre Dame des Anges, which, by rail, is 52 miles from Quebec and 125 miles from Montreal. By road, Montauban-les-Mines is 78 miles from Quebec and 160 miles from Montreal. [...]  Lire la suite