McGill University Thèses et mémoires publiés en 1961

The impact of Euro-canadian civilization on the Algonkian speaking aborigines of the Province of Quebec poses many problems. sane of these problems, espeaially those involving changes in social organization and culture patterns are of interest to anthropologiste and other social scientiste. others are of more immediate or practical concern to government administrators and I:ndian welfare agencies. The present thesis has thus a two-fold objective: a general and a specifie purpose. The general purpose is to contribute to the body of anthropological knowledge wbich concerna itself with the understanding of the processes of culture change and culture growth. Such knowledge is …  Lire la suite

The objective of this thesis is to forecast the scheduled airline revenue passenger traffic which will be carried by Brazilian airlines during the period 1959 to 1965. In order to provide a firm base for this forecast the following analyses have been made: 1) an analysis of the economic position of Brazil. 2) a descriptive examination of the Brazilian transportation system. 3) an analysis of the economic position of the Brazilian airline industry. 4) an analysis and discussion of methods used in forecasting air passenger traffic. 5) an examination of past air traffic statistics.  Lire la suite

The theme of this thesis is the method of learning. At the beginning of section 11 of the Religio Medici, Browne writes, "In my solitary and retired imagination … I … forget not to contemplate his and his attributes … especially those two mighty ones, his wisedome and eternitie" (lines 305-309). He is referring to the wisdom and eternity of God: our concern will be his contemplation of the wisdom. The very essence of God's wisdom is knowledge of all things, a knowledge he possesses because he made all things. But his greatest wisdom is in the knowledge of the …  Lire la suite

Epilepsy, from the earliest times, has been branded 'hereditary’, and marriage and children for those "possessed" by this ailment was frowned upon. To Hippocrates and Galen (115) idiopathic epilepsy was that type which developed in the brain directly and was assumed to have a hereditary basis. Burton (84) in his "Anatomy of Melancholy", claims that the ancient Scots "instantly gelded" any man with falling sickness, and if a woman "were round to be with child, she with her brood were buried alive and this was done for the common good, lest the whole nation should be injured or corrupted".  Lire la suite

The purpose of this project is to investigate the operation of transistor time delay circuits, with special attention to thermal stability and linearity of pulse width control. The operation of a time delay circuit is divided into the functions of timing and switching. Consideration is given to circuits with both passive and active timing networks. It is shown that passive timing is most suitable for stable, fixed delay applications, while active timing is useful in circuits combining thermal stability and linear delay control.  Lire la suite

Using a variational method with a six-parameter wave function, a study is made of a possible bound state of a three-particle system, consisting of two hyperons and one nucleon (L-L-n). The hyperon-nucleon and hyperon-hyperon potentials are inferred from the phenomenological nucleon-nucleon potentials of Gammel and Thaler (1), by neglecting K-meson exchange and assuming global symmetry of the pion coupling. Both tensor and spin-orbit forces are neglected. The results of the calculations indicate that the system L-L-n is most likely unbound.  Lire la suite

Epileptiform EEG discharges consisting of alternate waves and spikes at a frequency of 3 seconds and occurring synchronously in both cerebral hemispheres are classically associated with the clinical condition of petit mal. No focal pathological lesion has as yet been demonstrated to account for this form of human epilepsy. Some clinical and EEG observations as well as the animal experiments by Jasper and Droogleever-Fortuyn (1947), Ingvar (1955), and Perot (1961) suggest that this type of epileptic discharge may originate in a mesencephalo-diencephalic system with diffuse bilateral projection pathways often referred to as the "centrencephalic system" (Penfïeld, 1950; Penfield and Jasper, …  Lire la suite

During the past two decades, an extensive body of empirical evidence has accumulated in that area of social psychology labeled variously as social perception, empathy, or person perception. As the reviews by Bruner and Tagiuri (1954) and Taft (1955) indicate, the focus of attention in the early research was on the accuracy of one person's perception of the personality characteristics of another. Many such studies have centered on the accuracy of the guesses by one person of the way others responded to personality questionnaires. Summarizing his impressions of these investigations, Cronbach (1958) points out that the findings are "interesting, statistically …  Lire la suite

Carruthers, J. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The study of the effects of sleep loss in animals has been a neglected area of research. If sleep is a basic need, then the deprivation of sleep, as the deprivation of any basic need, should lead to certain physiological changes within animals and to differences in their behavior. To the author's knowledge, there are but four relevant studies of sleep loss in animals. All four studies show improved performance following sleep loss (Bunch, Cole & Frerichs, 1937; Bunch, Frerichs & Licklider, 1939; Gray, 1937; Licklider & Bunch, 1946). None of these four previous studies examined physiological changes in animals …  Lire la suite

The benzoyloxy derivatives of aromatic compounds are generally prepared by benzoylation of the appropriate phenol. However, for many aromatic systems the phenolic forms are unstable relative to their keto tautomers or else are excessively difficult to prepare. Thus for example, alpha- and beta- furanol and their benzoates have never been prepared, although alpha- furanol acetate has been prepared by a two-step procedure from furan. In such cases, preparation of the benzoyloxy derivative by direct substitution of the aromatic compound might be most convenient.  Lire la suite

The earliest documentary evidence of hypertensive disease associated with adrenal cortical tumours has been ascribed to Neusser in 1897 by Perera. The presser properties of the medullary extracts from the suprarenal glands had already been described by Oliver and Schaefer in 1895. With this background hyperepinephrinemia was cautiously suggested as/ possible cause of hypertension by several authors around the turn of the present century, but it was Vaquez in 1904, who propounded it as a theory based on the observation that suprarenal hyperplasia was frequently seen in patients with hypertension.  Lire la suite

The writer takes this opportunity to acknowledge the encouragement and guidance received from Dr. V.A. Saull under whose direction these experiments were carried out. The interest shown and suggestions offered by the writer is colleagues are greatly appreciated. Financial assistance was received through Research Grant number 26-53 awarded to Dr. Saull by the Geological Survey of Canada.  Lire la suite

The first description of the microscopic anatomy of the thyroid gland was given by Lalouette (1750) who described it as being composed of inter-communicating vesicles. However from time to time controversies arose over different aspects of thyroid histology. Jones (1852) and more recently other workers (Bargmann, 1939; Maximow and Bloom, 1957; etc.) described the thyroid gland as being covered with a connective tissue capsule from which septa penetrated the gland and divided it into well-defined lobules. Bichat (1823) and others (Wegelin, 1926, etc.) failed to observe the limits of the lobules distinctly.  Lire la suite

This thesis concerns the question of intellectual loss in schizophrenia. To obtain evidence of such loss, the investigator must demonstrate that an individual with schizophrenia has a lower intelligence than he had at a time when the disorder was presumably absent. The task appears straightforward. A survey of the literature on this subject, however, indicates that it is not. The problem of determining whether intellectual loss occurs in schizophrenia presents certain difficulties, which relate, in general, to an insufficient knowledge concerning the nature of the disorder, and, in particular, to the following factors.  Lire la suite

Measurements have been made of the space-charge smoothed current fluctuation noise in a cylindrical electron beam at the anode of a parallel-flow electron gun under space-charge “limited” conditions. The measurements covered the frequency range from 30.6 mc/s to 1360 mc/s for beam voltages of 100 to 1000 volts. No such measurements have ever been reported below 200 mc/s and on the basis of these results it was possible to examine critically several theoretical methods of calculating beam-noise propagation. The magnitude of the beam current-noise varied approximately as the square root of frequency down to about 400 mc/s.  Lire la suite

In previous studies from this laboratory, it has been found that certain antisympathomimetic drugs (phenoxybenzamine, piperoxane and chlorpromazine) increase the urinary excretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline and elevate the urinary recovery of intravenously administered adrenaline and noradrenaline (Benfey, Mazurkiewicz and Melville, 1958; and Benfey, Ledoux and Melville, 1958, 1959). This was a surprising result since antisympathomimetic agents have been employed to obtain vasodilatation and reduction of an elevated blood pressure, conditions in which a rise in free adrenaline and noradrenaline in the body are undesired.  Lire la suite

Since the discovery by means of X-ray diffraction that cellulose is partially crystalline, the arrangement of the molecules in various types of native and regenerated cellulose has been the subject of intensive study using a variety of experimental methods. This thesis describes an investigation of the hydrogen exchange reaction between cellulose and water and its possible relation to the crystallinity and other aspects of the fine structure and the reactivity of the cellulose. Since present concepts of molecular order in cellulose have been described in many texts, only those aspects which are of interest to the present work will be …  Lire la suite

In acoustic structures part of the sound energy transmitted by a duct is often diverted into sidebranch tubes or resonators. Even a single side branch has an important effect on the transmission of sound in the main duct. The most prominent example of this is an acoustical side-branch filter. Such filters are used in exhaust mufflers, various types of wind tunnels, jet-engine test cells, air-conditioning systems, and other applications where objectionable noise components have to be eliminated.  Lire la suite

Cancer is a disease recognized in antiquity. Its name, “Kapkivos”, a crab, was derived from the ancient description of breast cancer. Until the Nineteenth Century, it was entirely within the therapeutic province of the physician and surgeon. According to Bett (1957), Bernard Peyrilhe (1735-1804) was the first to conduct a systemic experimental investigation of the causation of cancer, in which he attempted to identify its toxin, and to trace the spread of the disease in order to devise better methods of treatment. Although more than two hundred years have passed since Peyrilhe's attempt, research into the cause of cancer is …  Lire la suite

A model, two-dimensional leak-proof, heat exchanger was built. Local shell-side, heat transfer coefficients were measured in a typical section between two segmental baffles. Three baffle spacings, with five flow rates at each spacing, were used. The results indicate that the crossflow region can be divided into a dead zone and flow zone. The size of these sub-zones is a function of the area ratio, Ar, and thus the average coefficient is also a function of Ar.  Lire la suite

Although Diophantine analysis has occupied mathematicians from antiquity to our own times, there exist few general methods for the complete solution of Diophantine equations in rational integers. In this paper we illustrate the method developed by E. Rosenthall for the complete solution of reducible Diophantine equations. This method involves, as a first step, the solution of an equation in ideals belonging to subfields of some normal extension, then passing from ideals to integers belonging to the extension considered. In some particular cases, additional restrictive conditions must be satisfied before a solution may be obtained.  Lire la suite

In 1947, after years of deficits culminating in debt default by the mid nineteen thirties, the Provincial Government of Alberta was fortuitously granted a new and substantial source of revenue, based on the major oil discoveries of that year. This thesis is a critical analysis of the way in which the Provincial Government handled this new revenue source. In view of the bleak fiscal history preceding World War II, it is not surprising that short-term tax considerations were given a high priority.  Lire la suite

When one looks at atherosclerotic plaques in an artery on the autopsy table, one is viewing a group of lesions that have been present for an unknown length of time and may have bad a multiplicity of causes. Perhaps this white fibrous plaque was initiated fifty years ago and has existed since then. Perhaps it lost lipid during a period of regression. That ulcerated atheroma may have slowly accumulated lipid following a surface thrombosis five years before death. A yellow plaque which could have developed following an intimal injury may have increased in size by short episodes of lipid accumulation …  Lire la suite

The Roumanian princes were despots, and because there was considerable Byzantine influence in the two sister principalities, the rulers copied the absolutism and the form of government of this Empire. The absolute power of the rulers was limited by the fact that the two original Roumanian dynasties ruled for three centures but did not produce many capable leaders. Since there were no established laws of succession (any member of the princely families could be elected ruler by the assemblies of nobles and clergymen), many struggles for power took place which weakened the authority of the Roumanian princes.  Lire la suite

The first attempts to rationalize comminution were made by Rittinger in 1867 and Kick in 1885 (1, 2, 3, 4). Rittinger postulated that: “The increase of the surfaces exposed is directly proportional to the force required.” Kick countered that: “The energy needed for producing analogous changes of configuration in geometrically similar bodies of equal technological state varies as the volumes or weights of these bodies.” According to Rittinger, since the surface formed in each stage is double, the energy required to produce each successive stage increases in geometric progression, the ratio being two.  Lire la suite

This thesis describes an investigation on the molecular size and configuration of carboxymethyl cellulose in aqueous solutions. The work forms a part of a current series of macromolecular studies in Wood and Cellulose Chemistry. The thesis opens with a Preface and General Introduction. There follows the main text of the thesis which is divided into three Parts. These are written in the form of scientific papers and are to be submitted for publication with little or no modification. Each ot the Parts has its own Abstract, Introduction, Experimental and Results, Discussion, References, Tables and Figures. The main text of the …  Lire la suite

In this section a short outline of the general background to the macromolecular studies of cellulose and derivatives is given. Some of the more important investigations so far undertaken on CMC are also briefly presented here. Finally, a brief account of the hydrodynamic theories as well as certain special aspects of the experimental techniques are given in order to anticipate the interpretation of the results.  Lire la suite

As the student population in the universities has increased over the past thirty years and failing students have abounded in more conspicuous numbers, interest in the problem of failure has grown sharply. Inquiries into and reports on the causes for failure have been legion, and a complete review of them is beyond the scope of this paper. However, investigations of various types can be identified, and this review of the literature will be limited to a summary and assessment of a few of the more representative reports.  Lire la suite

The wastage of metals due to corrosion has become an important engineering problem in recent years. The growing demand for, and increasing cost of materials, and the cost of shutdown and labour involved in making replacements, makes every effort to understand corrosion worthwhile. The annual cost of corrosion in Canada has recently been set at $300 million (1). This figure is only approximate, because an estimate of this type is extremely difficult to make. A breakdown of the figure is given in Table I.  Lire la suite

The work described in this thesis has had as its aim the development of quantitative techniques for the study of the moments at which neurons in the mammalian cerebral cortex produce action potentials both in the presence and absence of externally applied stimulation. In support of the usefulness of these techniques as tools in biological research exploratory experiments are to be described in which a quantitative estimate was made of the influence exerted by a stimulus upon neurons in locations classically considered to be remote from the sphere of influence of the stimulus. In the course of these experiments several …  Lire la suite

Resonant relaxation times for the +3/2  +1/2, +1/2  -1/2 and -1/2  - 3/2 transitions in single crystals of K3Cr(CN)6 at liquid helium temperatures have been measured for nominal chromium concentrations of 0.1%, 0.5%, 1% and 5% using a saturation method. Experimental points are found to fit a theory which is similar to that used in nuclear magnetic resonance work. The spin-lattice relaxation times round for all three transitions decrease with concentration or the paramagnetic salt in the diamagnetic K3Co(CN)6 dilutant. The spin-spin relaxation time appears to remain practically independant of the concentration in this range. Results round …  Lire la suite

Depuis toujours, l'homme a envié la facilité avec laquelle l'oiseau se meut dans les airs, et inlassablement il fait des recherches et des expériences qui lui permettraient d'en faire autant. A l'heure actuelle, de véritables cargos volants, pesant plus de 100 tonnes, se déplacent dans l'air à des vitesses 2 ou 3 fois supérieures a' celle du son. Mais l'avion à ailes fixes n'est pas la solution suprême que recherche l'homme, parce qu'il ne pourra jamais se libérer de certaines servitudes qui lui sont inhérentes: il est et restera esclave de la vitesse et de l'infrastructure.  Lire la suite

The iron and steel industry has been and still is faced with rising capital and operating costs. The capital cost of a blast furnace complete with coking ovens and all other raw material facilities is in the order of fourty million dollars and up. In addition each ton of raw material carries the cost of removal from the pit or mine, possible beneficiation costs, plus the high cast of transportation. These costs, it is to be noted, are also increasing. To meet this challenge the industry decided to embark on a twofold program of research.  Lire la suite

This thesis is a preliminary plan for an active research project which sets as its goal the better understanding of ways to improve human adaptation to cultural change in the Mackenzie delta. A theoretical framework is developed which focuses on processes of adaptation, especially those which operate on a community level. This framework is applied to information compiled through library research and field observation; first, to detailed descriptions or the changing Eskimo and Indian cultures, then to the settlements of Aklavik and Inuvik. The results which are derived therefrom are applied in the building or an experimental project designed to …  Lire la suite

This thesis contains the results of a theoretical analysis of the performance of an inverted turbojet cycle as a thrust power unit. This system is compared with a conventional turbojet with and without reheat and pre-cooling. Within the limitations of the analysis it is seen that the domain of air breathing engines for propulsion can be extended to hypersonic vehicles. The inverted turbojet is an economical cruising engine for hypersonic vehicles at Mach numbers 5-6. However a conventional turbojet with pre-cooling and reheat can power a vehicle throughout the range of Mach 0 to Mach 6.  Lire la suite

Since 1947 the Fisheries Research Board of Canada has been conducting an investigation of the marine resources of eastern Canadian arctic waters. As part of this study, a large number of benthic, pelagic and littoral marine animals have been collected, mainly during the expeditions of the M.V. 'Calanus' (Dunbar and Grainger, 1952; Grainger, 1954; Grainger and Dunbar, 1956; Grainger and Hunter, 1959). The marine amphipods taken in the years 1947-1950 in Ungava Bay have already been studied (Dunbar 1954) and one hundred and fourteen species identified. In 1956 I began the study of the marine amphipods obtained by the 'Calanus' …  Lire la suite

It has become a truism of international politics to say that the power configuration in the atomic age is vastly different from that which existed during the 18th and 19th centuries--the classical era of European interstate relations. But in what way does it differ and how do these differences affect the position of the would-be neutralist in the mid-20th century? In the belief that hypotheses about both these questions are essential to an understanding of neutrality and its progeny, neutralism, this chapter offers some propositions about the structure of international politics in the pre-atomic and atomic eras.  Lire la suite

Vertical cross sections along the 80W meridian from the surface to 35 km (circa 5 mb) are presented for each fifth day of the 1958-1959 winter season. The synoptic features of the stratosphere as shown by the cross sections - are discussed in monthly résumés in sufficient detail to furnish a generalized picture of the seasonal changes. An objective method for determining the peak winds in jet streams is formulated and results from this method compare favourably with meso-scale data from aircraft probes. The baroclinity of the troposphere and lower stratosphere and its relation to the Ferrel westerlies are discussed. …  Lire la suite

Scopo di questo saggio non è di raccontare la storia di un uomo, ma di fornire un contributo alla storia di un libro. Sarà, tuttavia, opportuno, come introduzione al nostro studio, dare un breve cemno della vita di Innocent Gentillet e delle sue opere. Tralasciando i particolari, spesso incerti e oscuri, della sua vita, ci fermeremo soltanto sulla linee generali e sui documenti dai quali esse si desumono. I biografi di Gentillet concordano nel dire - ed è anzi questo uno dei pochi punti sui quali sono d'accorda - che egli nacque a Vienne, nel Delfinato, nella prima metà del …  Lire la suite

The process of preparing Project Specifications concentrates on the presentation of excerpts from a region of knowledge, selected and re-composed to fill a given set of requirements. It can be broken down into five steps: i. A survey of drawings to produce a List of Requirements. ii. Arrangement of Requirements to form tentative Sections. iii. Consultation of source material for the Rough Draft. iv. Elimination of inconsistencies to make up the Final Draft. v. Typing of the Final Draft.  Lire la suite

During the latter years of the nineteenth century, it was observed that when some gases, or mixtures of gases, were excited by an electrodeless discharge, a luminescence or afterglow with a continuous spectrum was produced. In 1900, Lewis reported that nitrogen subjected to a condensed discharge gave an afterglow different from those previously obtained from other gases. He described it as a “rich chamois yellow fog”. It lasted for several seconds after the discharge had been turned off, and its spectrum consisted of narrow bands. Several years later, Strutt, who later became Lord Rayleigh, observed that the spectra of elements …  Lire la suite

The main features of Scottish history during the eighteenth century consist of the economic revival followed by social changes which in turn precipitated the political awakening of the mass of the people. Prior to the Union and even well into the eighteenth century Scotland remained very poor. This state of poverty to a lesser or greater degree was common to all. If the farmer, the artisan, cottagers and labourers suffered poverty the gentry experienced acute and chronic lack of money. In this predominantly agricultural country both the lowly and the high-born concentrated most of their energies to eke out from …  Lire la suite

In this study we shall deal with the great affirmation of the Bible that the purpose of God which is manifested in the history of Israel is the same purpose on which the entire creation is founded. Being a redemptive purpose, it is conceived not as an abstract, immovable design, but as effective in itself, identical with the creator’s word striving for fulfillmnt in the world. Jesus fulfills this all-inclusive purpose as the Messiah at Israel, bringing the chosen people of God, and in principle the entire cosmos, to a final crisis wherein divine judgment is enacted. on human sin …  Lire la suite

Mining is one of the oldest industries, but it is only during the last 50 years that operations have been carried to depths where problems of temperature and ground pressure require special study. Temperature problems can be solved by increasing the now of ventilating air and or conditioning the air by refrigeration. Controls of this nature are limited only by economic factors. Pressure-increases with depth, however, present a far more complicated and difficult problem. The stress distribution can only be postulated since measurement of stresses in rock in situ is at present only in the initial stages of development.  Lire la suite

Portugal’s interests in the East African coast date from the days of Portuguese ascendancy in the far eastern trade, but for 300 years very little was done to develop these African territories. in the latter half of the 19th century Lisbon gave a 50-year concession to the mozambique company which do not expire until 1941, thus about one-sixth of the whole area, that portion between the Zambesi and latitude 22 south, was governed and administered by this company, the remainder of the territory was administered by the government of Portugal and was known as the Mozambique colony.  Lire la suite

In an attempt to establish brain dysfunction as a factor underlying backwardness of reading, an electroencephalogram and several psychological tests were administered to a group of poor readers and normal controls. Although there were no significant differences in the EEG patterns between the two groups, there was a developmental trend suggesting that the poor readers had more posterior slow wave activity at a later age than did the normal controls. For both groups a relationship was also found between IQ ratings and the aide of the brain showing the most posterior slow waves. Two types of poor readers were identified.  Lire la suite

The experiments to be described in this thesis were undertaken to obtain stocks of the fungus Aspergillus nidulans containing translocations between various pairs of linkage groups. The translocations were identified genetically, in gamma-irradiated diploid colonies. The chromosomes in this fungus are very small, but some can be identified individually (Elliott, 1960). The stocks characterized here will be used later in an attempt to associate each chromosome with the appropriate linkage group. The method used located not only translocations, but recessive lethals and some point mutants as well.  Lire la suite

The reduction of iron oxides has been investigated extensively, mainly by virtue of its industrial significance. Nevertheless, despite the large amount of experimental evidence, there has been as yet no agreement as to the mechanism of the reaction, nor has a generalized correlation for the reaction rate been suggested. As a matter of fact, many workers appear to assume that the complexity of the system makes the formulation of such a correlation impossible. One of the main objects of this study has been to attempt an analysis of the mechanism of the reduction, from which a correlation could be derived. …  Lire la suite

Metals have been produced, worked and used since prehistoric times. For thousands of years however, most of the knowledge relating to metals was acquired by chance and the experience gained was passed from man to man through the centuries. Thus, many important processes such as forging and annealing, were carried out for centuries without anyone realizing what structural changes were actually taking place. In fact no attempt to explain the changes that occur during annealing was made until 1881. In that year Kalisher observed that heating caused changes in the "molecular structure" of cold worked zinc.  Lire la suite