Liste complète
La lecture de ces thèses nécessite une redirection vers le site du dépôt institutionnel.
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2022 — Early biomarker detection & potential novel pathogenic pathways of Alzheimer disease involving Aβ and TauRésumé
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder lacking a simple and reliable test for diagnosis and an effective cure. Aβ peptides are thought to be one of the main culprits involved in AD pathogenesis and intraneuronal accumulation of Aβ is seemingly the earliest detectable event making it a key new area of interest. In this thesis we have addressed two different aspects of Aβ peptides, their use as biomarkers for AD and their involvement in a newly emerging pathogenic pathway.Expanding our knowledge on the expression and localization of neurodegeneration-related proteins in the human skin tissue, we analyzed a cohort … Lire la suite
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2014 — Contradictions in place: everyday geographies of Palestinian children and families living under occupationRésumé
À ce jour, peu de recherches ont examiné le rôle du concept du lieu dans la vie des enfants touchés par la violence politique. Cette thèse a pour objet principal l'étude du concept du lieu et la signification de cette notion pour les enfants et les familles vivant sous l'occupation et victimes de la violence politique de la seconde Intifada en Palestine. En examinant un concept théorique comme celui de « lieu,» cette thèse dévoile comment et dans quelle mesure l'occupation et la violence politique affectent les enfants palestiniens et les relations familiales avec le lieu et la façon dont … Lire la suite
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2022 — Small-angle attraction in the tilt illusionRésumé
The tilt illusion defines the phenomenon in which a surround or inducer grating of a particular orientation impacts the perceived orientation of a central test grating. Typically, inducer-test orientation differences of 5-40 deg drive the test grating orientation to appear shifted in a direction away from that of the inducer orientation, i.e., show repulsion. The inducer typically causes the test grating orientation to appear shifted towards that of the inducer orientation in the region 60-90 deg, i.e. shows attraction. Both repulsion and attraction effects have been observed in contrast-modulated and luminance-modulated grating patterns. In this thesis, I demonstrate that a … Lire la suite
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2004 — A conserved determinant of Ion channel trafficking localized to the cyclic nucleotide binding domain : implication for diseaseRésumé
The Cyclic Nucleotide Binding Domain (CNBD) is conserved in a number of ion channels that belong to three distinct families, the Ether-A-Go-go (EAG); the Cyclic Nucleotide Gated (CNG) and the Hyperpolarization activated Cyclic Nucleotide modulated (HCN) channel families. Extensive biophysical characterizations have established that the function of these channels is directly modulated by cyclic nucleotides in a manner independent of kinase activity and channel phosphorylation. However, the role for this domain in the EAG family is unclear. In addition, although the biophysical properties of CNBD-containing channels are well understood, little is known about the biogenesis of these channels. The original … Lire la suite
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2017 — Depth-cue invariant object representations in the visual cortexRésumé
Le cerveau humain peut reconnaitre un objet grâce à différents signaux de profondeur, comme l'ombrage, la texture, le mouvement et le stereo. Le système visuel semble utiliser différents processus pour traiter l'information sur la profondeur, et différentes aires corticales seraient impliquées pour chaque processus. Toutefois, la perception d'un objet demeure la même peu importe le signal de profondeur utilisé pour l'évoquer. Ceci suggère qu'à un niveau avancé de traitement visuelle, les différents signaux de profondeurs converge vers une représentation similaire de l'objet. Le but de mes études était d'investiguer à quel point l'information provenant de différents signaux de profondeur est … Lire la suite
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2000 — Effect of a thermomechanical history on the hot ductility of a Nb-Ti microalloyed steel and a low carbon steelRésumé
The susceptibility of steels to transverse cracking during continuous casting depends, in part, on the hot ductility of the steel. In the past, hot ductility has been measured in the laboratory by tensile testing specimens reheated to a high temperature (preferably melted), and then cooled down to the desired test temperature before isothermally testing to fracture. More recently, isothermal tensile testing has been performed after imposing different thermal histories prior to reaching the test temperature. The most relevant thermal history is that of the solidifying strand surface. Such thermal histories have been found to be quite complex, and invariably involve … Lire la suite
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2014 — Three essays on institutional and discursive drivers of information technology innovation diffusionRésumé
This dissertation features three essays that constitute an integrative and multi-perspective investigation of organizational IT innovation diffusion. My proposed research builds upon diverse bodies of literature in IS, organization theory, and social movement, for proposing novel IT innovation models and theories. In particular, the studies in this dissertation take into account non-relational mechanisms of diffusion, i.e., theorization and framing, as well as normative and symbolic drivers of IT adoption decision. The three essays are situated as follows: The first essay examines the IT diffusion phenomenon from the adopters' point of view. It seeks to conciliate a number of seemingly paradoxical … Lire la suite
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2026 — Mapping atmospheric features of the planetary-mass brown dwarf SIMP 0136 with JWST NIRISSRésumé
Isolated planetary-mass brown dwarfs, a.k.a. free-floating planets, are excellent targets for atmospheric characterization. Their temperatures of 400–1300 K and the absence of a host star allows for uncontaminated observations of their infrared emission. Brown dwarfs exhibit quasi-periodic brightness variations that trace atmospheric inhomogeneities. These inhomogeneities are commonly associated with various cloud species at different altitudes coming in and out of the view as the object rotates. In this thesis, I present James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Near InfraRed Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) time-series observations of SIMP-0136, a free-floating planet with a radius of 1.22 Jupiter radii, a mass of … Lire la suite
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2026 — Investigating the neural basis of enhanced information encoding in sensory neural populationsRésumé
Comprendre comment les neurones encodent l'information sensorielle en représentations neuronales fiables est fondamental pour déchiffrer la base neuronale de la perception. Le système électrosensoriel du poisson faiblement électrique, Apteronotus leptorhynchus, est un modèle puissant pour l'étude de ces processus en raison de sa circuiterie neuronale bien définie et de ses principes de codage accessibles. Dans cette thèse, j'ai combiné l'électrophysiologie in vivo, la modélisation computationnelle et les manipulations pharmacologiques pour analyser les mécanismes biophysiques de la décharge en rafales, des hétérogénéités de décharge et du codage invariant dans les cellules pyramidales électrosensorielles. Mes résultats révèlent comment les mécanismes intrinsèques et … Lire la suite
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2016 — Pathways to care for patients with First Episode Psychosis in EnglandRésumé
Introduction: The syndrome of psychosis, involving a loss of contact with reality, is marked by hallucinations, delusions and disorganization of thought and behavior. Approximately 3% of the general population will experience a psychotic episode in their lifetime. First episode psychosis (FEP) is an important phenomenon, as it often also represents a patient's first contact with a health professional for a mental health problem and an important turning point for intervention. Earlier intervention is associated with better clinical and social outcomes, and prevention of long-term negative consequences. Objectives: To determine how sociodemographic, clinical, and health service indicators are associated with the … Lire la suite
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2025 — Social determinants of support for violent radicalization: a moderated mediation model of perceived financial difficulties, perceived discrimination, and depressive symptoms among young adultsRésumé
RésuméObjectif de l'étudeLa pandémie de COVID-19 a entraîné une plus grande polarisation sociale ainsi que des fardeaux économiques et psychologiques, créant un environnement idéal pour la radicalisation violente. Cet article examine la relation entre les difficultés financières perçues et le soutien à la radicalisation violente par le biais de symptômes dépressifs, tout en évaluant le rôle modérateur de la discrimination perçue sur cette voie chez les Canadiens des provinces du Québec, de l'Ontario et de l'Alberta âgés de 18 à 40 ans pendant la pandémie du COVID-19.Méthodes utiliséesAu total, 5007 participants âgés de 18 à 40 ans et originaires des … Lire la suite
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1968 — The Royal Titles Bill: Public Opinion in the United Kingdom, India and CanadaRésumé
In the eighteen forties the idea of a special title for India had been considered privately by Ellenborough and publicly by Disraeli. When in 1876 the Queen decided to assume the title “Empress”, Disraeli used his parliamentary majority to secure the passage of the Bill. Although a new title for the Queen was considered necessary, the title “Empress” was unpopular in the United Kingdom but acceptable in Canada as the new title for India. In India opinion was hesitant at first but when it became evident that the title was not accompanied by any reforms there was protest against it … Lire la suite
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2021 — Analytical and numerical investigation of spray freezing for mine heatingRésumé
Pour atteindre l'objectif defini par Ottawa de zero emission nette d'ici 2050, il est imperatif pour l'industrie miniere de s'orienter vers des options d'energie durable qui peuvent non seulement augmenter les sources d'energie a base de combustibles fossiles, mais egalement reduire l'empreinte carbone de la mine. Dans ce contexte, la congelation par pulverisation est une nouvelle technologie de chauffage des mines qui a le potentiel d'utiliser les conditions subarctiques du nord du Canada pour fournir la climatisation aux mines toute l'annee. Le concept, bien que seduisant en theorie, est complique par les phenomenes physico-chimiques multi-echelles et multi-physiques associes au processus … Lire la suite
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2019 — Investigating the physiological role of chloride permeation through excitatory amino acid transporter 1 (EAAT1)Résumé
Les astrocytes jouent un rôle fondamental dans l’homéostasie en maintenant l’équilibre ionique et en contrôlant les concentrations extracellulaires de neurotransmetteurs. Les astrocytes exercent ces fonctions grâce a la présence, le long de leurs prolongements ramifiés, de canaux, de récepteurs et de transporteurs tels que les transporteurs d’acides aminés excitateurs (EAATs). Les EAATs sont des transporteurs du glutamate bien connus qui assument aussi la fonction de canal chlorure. La conservation du canal chlorure des EAATs des organismes procaryotes (GltPh) aux mammifères suggère un rôle physiologique essentiel. Cependant, peu d’études se sont intéressées au rôle de la perméabilité aux ions chlorure via … Lire la suite
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1997 — Acyclic ModelsRésumé
In this thesis we describe a new version of acyclic models, which was first given by Barr, that gives the Theorem of Barr and Beck, and of Andre as special cases. We begin the thesis with Beck's definition of module and we describe how he used this definition, in conjunction with the theory of triples, to define homology theories. The theory described here is based on the notion of acyclic classes. An acyclic class is a class of objects in a category of chain complexes and corresponds to a class of arrows, whose mapping cones they are. We also give … Lire la suite
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2024 — Seismic Evaluation of Existing Steel Moment-Resisting Frame Structures with Unreinforced Masonry Infill Walls Built Between the 1960s and 1990s in Areas of Moderate Seismic ActivityRésumé
La performance sismique des structures existantes en acier à ossature partielle résistante aux moments (MRF) construites avant les années 1990 dans les régions d'activité sismique modérée en Amérique du Nord a attiré l'attention de la communauté scientifique en raison des avancées dans les connaissances actuelles, les normes et les dispositions. Ces structures comportent souvent des murs de maçonnerie non armés remplis, dont la contribution au système de résistance aux charges latérales était souvent négligée. La recherche a montré que les murs de remplissage interagissent avec les cadres environnants sous l'effet des forces sismiques, modifiant significativement les caractéristiques dynamiques des bâtiments. … Lire la suite
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2011 — Shock tube studies and chemical kinetic modeling of oxygenated hydrocarbon ignitionRésumé
En tant que contribution à la compréhension, la modélisation et le contrôle de la combustion des hydrocarbures oxygénés tels que les biocarburants, l'auto-allumage à haute température d'une série de molécules a été étudiée avec la méthode de tube a onde de choc pour les pressions entre 1 atm et 13 atm. Les molécules représentatives du biodiésel, c'est à dire des esters méthyliques et éthyliques, ont été étudiées. Les esters méthyliques d'acide formique jusqu'à butanoique ont été étudiés afin de découvrir l'influence de leurs structures sur l'auto-allumage. Cette relation a aussi été examinée avec les calculs de la chimique quantique. Alors … Lire la suite
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2023 — Pesticides in the urban environment: Targeted and non-targeted screening of pesticide profiles in urban honey from Montreal by LC-QTOF-MS.Résumé
The safety of urban honey is a growing concern due to pesticide contamination, necessitating effective monitoring methods. Small-scale urban beekeeping has emerged as a promising solution to counter the honeybee population decline and high honey demand. However, urban pesticides pose risks as bees unintentionally collect them while foraging, leading to pesticide residue accumulation in honey. This issue has been substantiated by various reports confirming the occurrence of pesticides in urban settings and their detection in honey, underscoring the importance of addressing this concern for both honey producers and consumers. Recognized as a promising approach for pesticide residue monitoring in food … Lire la suite
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2016 — Le français dans un espace non-francophone et plurilingue: le cas du NigériaRésumé
Pourquoi le français ne remplit-il pas encore des fonctions formelles au Nigéria, alors que la langue jouit du statut de langue officielle depuis maintenant deux décennies ? Cela serait-il dû au manque de volonté politique ou à la complexité de la situation linguistique du pays ? Comment expliquer ce phénomène, puisque le gouvernement Abacha semblait très enthousiaste et déterminé lors de sa décision d'adopter la langue ? Ces questions fondamentales, qui ont mené à la présente recherche, ont révélé plusieurs lacunes entourant l'activité d'aménagement de la langue. Parce que trop subite, la promotion du français au statut de langue officielle … Lire la suite
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2014 — High-frequency otoacoustic emissions in newborn hearing screeningRésumé
Daniel, Sam Joseph (Supervisor1) Lire la suite
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2018 — Strategies for producing bulk nanocrystalline Al-Mg alloys by cryogenic milling and SPS consolidationRésumé
Gauvin, Raynald (Supervisor2) Lire la suite
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1965 — The transmission of linear detonation waves through small holes.Résumé
Experimental investigations using "streak" and "open - shutter" photographic techniques have been carried out for a system in which a linear detonation wave is made to transmit through a small hole drilled at the centre of a flat plate obstruction. The transmitted wave expands into another tube or cylindrical chamber containing the same mixture at the same initial conditions. From the streak records, results are obtained for the variations of induction distance for transition from deflagration to detonation with initial mixture pressure tor C2H2-O2 mixtures. Qualitative explanations of the structure of the wave expanding downstream of the orifice are given, … Lire la suite
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2017 — Lessons from John Locke: envisioning a multilateral legal regime for property rights over the natural resources in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodiesRésumé
From time immemorial, the question of property rights is always protracted whenever issues concerning the regulation of natural resources on Earth are being discussed. This is especially of the abundant natural resources in outer space, including the Moon and other celestial bodies. The international legal regime for the peaceful uses of outer space does not sufficiently cater for all the issues that could arise as a result of the growing commercial uses of outer space. Property rights over the natural resources in outer space are one of such issues. Property rights over these natural resources are fundamental in order to … Lire la suite
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1964 — The world view of Nigeria’s foreign policy elite.Résumé
The aim of this thesis is to apply the concept of ‘image’ to an understanding of Nigeria’s foreign policy. Professor Boulding has defined the image as "the total cognitive, affective and evaluative structure of the behaviour unit, or its internal view of itself and its universe". This image is subjective by nature. Its coincidence with "objective reality" adds nothing to its value for purposes of analysis. The image of a behaviour unit like the nation-state is really a complex of the images of the individuals who compromise the nation. Lire la suite
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2015 — The phonographic memory: a history of sound recording in the fieldRésumé
à cette dichotomie propre. En effet, il est parfois ambigu d'isoler lesenregistrements in situ de ceux réalisés en milieux contrôlés. Je défends que, malgré cesconditions particulières, l'enregistrement sonore parvient toujours à créer sa propre mise-enscène,que celui-ci informe l'idée même de l'endroit, qui vient ainsi justifier, ou corroborer,certains désirs idéologiques de ceux qui aménagent les dispositifs d'enregistrement(microphones). À titre d'exemple, un enregistrement réalisé en laboratoire implique diverstypes de connaissances qui se soucient d'offrir une représentation d‘universalité virtuelle,l'envers du sur place, tandis que les sons saisis in situ offrent une représentation transparentedu monde dans toute sa spontanéité et complexité.Cette dissertation propose une … Lire la suite
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2025 — Visible Legitimacy: Understanding stigma in public-facing service robot interactions through user and observer perspectivesRésumé
Malgré les avancées technologiques en robotique, des facteurs sociaux tels que la stigmatisation demeurent des obstacles encore peu étudiés à l'adoption, en particulier pour les robots déployés dans les espaces publics. Ce mémoire examine comment la stigmatisation se manifeste dans les interactions avec des robots de service visibles et destinés au public, à partir de deux perspectives distinctes : celle des personnes valides utilisant elles-mêmes les robots, et celle des personnes valides observant une personne avec des limitations de mobilité utilisant la même technologie.Adoptant une approche méthodologique mixte mettant l'accent sur la collecte de données qualitatives, cette recherche s'appuie sur … Lire la suite
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1999 — The regulation of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP) gene expression in hypercalcemia of malignancy /Résumé
The studies included in this thesis were aimed at identifying the mechanisms that lead to aberrant expression of the PTHRP gene in cancer. We have used the hepatocyte growth factor receptor oncogene, Tpr-Met, as a model and examined the effect of this oncogene on PTHRP expression. When transfected into Fisher rat 313 (Fr3T3) fibroblasts, Tpr-Met increased the transcription of PTHRP mRNA and secretion of the protein. To identify the signaling pathways involved we analyzed a mutant of Tpr-Met, Tyr489, that was impaired in activating a number of downstream effectors, including Phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase, Grb2 and Shc. The ability of Tpr-Met/Tyr 489 … Lire la suite
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2010 — Post-conflict reconstruction and human insecurity: untangling the security-development nexusRésumé
How does assistance for social, political and economic development interact with efforts to provide security in post-conflict societies? To study this interaction, this dissertation focuses on strategies for peace operations. Influenced by the human security agenda, peace operations have adopted a multi-sectoral approach, seeking to address the many sources of insecurity facing conflict-ridden societies. In fact, there is a growing awareness that to establish sustainable peace after an event of conflict or collapsed state, not only the domestic and/or international root causes of the conflict should be identified and addressed, but the elements fueling the vicious cycle of violence should … Lire la suite
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1992 — Both sides now : gender relations in credit and agriculture cooperatives in rural HaitiRésumé
This dissertation applies the theoretical perspective of gender relations and develops methods to understand and analyze the movement of women from the center of social systems to its margins when these systems are undergoing rapid socio-economic and political change. This research responded to the pressing need for the application of newer, more appropriate theoretical and methodological perspectives to examine shifting power relations between women and men in areas undergoing transformation. In the case study, I investigate the locus of power in a system of cooperatives in the Departement du Nord, Haiti and discover how and why female members are being … Lire la suite
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2005 — Civil-military relations in Turkey : analysis of civilian leadersRésumé
This dissertation seeks to contribute to our understanding of the role played by civilian leaders in the consolidation of democracy examining changes in levels of military influence over politics. This study departs from typical military-centric civil-military relations literature by employing a civilian-centric analysis. In particular, it shows how the former's focus on changing levels of internal threat cannot account for variations in the levels of civilian control over the military. The study instead adopts a framework that focuses on the incentive structure of civilian leaders as determined by competitive elections; the political capacity of leaders as reflected in their parliamentary … Lire la suite
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1991 — Evaluation of sphagnum moss and chemical compounds for management of odor and use of liquid hog manureRésumé
Liquid hog manure (LHM) obtained from the Macdonald College farm was used in experiments aimed at (a) reducing the odor associated with LHM during handling and (b) conserving the fertilizer capacity of LHM. Various chemical treatments and sphagnum moss (SM) were evaluated to achieve the above objectives. Direct acidification to $<$ pH 5.0, sphagnum moss (SM) and its combination with aluminum sulfate (AS) resulted in significant (p $<$ 0.05) reduction in ammonia losses during storage of LHM. The SM and SM/AS combination also significantly (p $<$ 0.05) reduced both odor presence and offensiveness. Gas chromatographic (GC) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) … Lire la suite
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1995 — The Formation of Pyrazine Compounds and their Contribution to Maple Syrup FlavorRésumé
La formation des pyrazines et leur contribution à la saveur du sirop d'érable a été étudiée. À cet effet, du sirop d'érable a été préparé au laboratoire. Le pH de la sève en ébullition passait d'une valeur initiale de pH 7.2 a une valeur de pH 9.2, puis diminuait jusqu'à une valeur de pH 7.7. La diminution de pH coïncidait avec une hausse de la teneur en solides dissouts. L'analyse chromatographique en phase gazeuse et la spectrométrie de masse d'extraits de sirops d'érable authentiques, de sirops ne provenant pas de l'érable, et d'échantillons d'arôme artificiel d'érable ont démontré la présence … Lire la suite
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2001 — Assessing the utility of environmental impact assessments as a strategy for global sustainable developmentRésumé
This thesis discusses the role of Environmental Impact Assessments in the implementation of the concept of sustainable development within the realm of North-South tensions regarding responsibilities for environmental conservation. Environmental Impact Assessments provide opportunities for realizing sustainable development not only because they operationalize the integration principle of sustainable development by facilitating the equilibrium between development and environmental conservation objectives, essential for ecological sustainability, but also because, in allowing for public participation in the assessment process, they promote the realization of the civil right of participation in public affairs, an essential component of good governance required for sustainable development to thrive. … Lire la suite
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2016 — Role of the nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 7 in the pathology of recurrent hydatidiform molesRésumé
La grossesse molaire ou môle hydatiforme (HM) est une pathologie de la grossesse humaine caractérisée par l'absence du développement embryonnaire, la dégénérescence kystique des villosités choriales et la prolifération excessive du trophoblaste. Des mutations du gène NLRP7, membre de la famille NLRP jouant un rôle dans l'inflammation et l'apoptose, sont responsables de môles récurrentes (RHMs). Nous avons auparavant démontré que les cellules mononucléées du sang périphérique (PBMCs), isolées de patientes ayant des mutations de NLRP7, sécrètent des interleukines 1 bêta (IL1B) et des facteurs de nécrose tumorale (TNF) à un taux inférieur à celui des cellules contrôles alors même que … Lire la suite
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2016 — The pathogenesis of nephrogenic rests and wilms tomour: Role of WT1 in arrested developmentRésumé
The mammalian kidney is derived from progenitor cells in intermediate mesoderm. During embryogenesis, progenitor cells expressing the Wilms tumour suppressor gene, WT1, are induced to differentiate in response to WNT signals from the ureteric bud. Hereditary forms of Wilms tumour arise from WT1-negative developmentally arrested renal progenitor cells called nephrogenic rests, which precludes the beta-catenin pathway response. Recently, a subset of Wilms tumours has been associated with bi-allelic mutations in DICER1 or DROSHA, crucial to microRNA biogenesis. In this thesis, we show that WT1 primes nephron progenitor cells for differentiation by transcriptionally suppressing Enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), the … Lire la suite
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2009 — Role of lamin A/C in the cellular features of age-related bone lossRésumé
Lamin A/C, an important component of the nuclear envelope, has been associated with cell differentiation and tissue development. In bone, recent studies have described that altered function of lamin A/C, due to mutations or incorrect processing, is associated with accelerated and severe bone loss. This could be due to alterations in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) induced by lack of lamin A/C activity. Therefore, considering that decreased osteoblastogenesis and increased adipogenesis are the characteristic changes observed within bone marrow microenvironment that leads to age-related bone loss, we have studied the effect of inhibition of lamin A/C on MSC … Lire la suite
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2024 — Application of Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation using Varying Lookback Windows in PharmacoepidemiologyRésumé
Suissa, Samy (Supervisor2) Lire la suite
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2023 — Enriching AI-based Image descriptions for people who are vision-impairedRésumé
Les personnes aveugles et malvoyantes (BVI) ont du mal à discerner les graphiques sur Internet en raison de l’absence de descriptions textuelles alternatives. C’est pourquoi plusieurs entreprises ont lancé des produits de génération automatique de sous-titres basés sur l’intelligence artificielle pour résoudre le problème de l’inaccessibilité des images. Bien que ces produits soient facilement disponibles, des recherches antérieures ont montré que les personnes handicapées visuelles ont tendance à les éviter, ce qui ne résout pas le problème de l’inaccessibilité.Les outils actuels fournissent des informations sur l’action et la composition d’une image, mais omettent souvent d’autres détails tels que les émotions, … Lire la suite
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2016 — Experimental investigation of flow structures in a shallow embayment using 3D-PTVRésumé
Gaskin, Susan J. (Supervisor1) Lire la suite
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2008 — Role of chemokines in airway remodeling and effects on smooth muscle proliferation and survivalRésumé
The increase in ASMC mass is a major structural change described in airway remodeling in asthma. This increase has been attributed to ASMC hyperplasia and hypertrophy. The distance between ASMC and the epithelium is reduced suggesting expansion of the muscle bundle towards the epithelium. Recent studies have suggested a role of epithelial derived chemokines in ASMC migration toward the epithelium. We hypothesized that chemokines (Eotaxin, RANTES, MIP-1alpha and IL-8) can directly influence ASMC mass by increasing the rate of proliferation or enhancing survival. ASMCs were exposed to different concentrations of eotaxin, RANTES, IL-8 or MIP-1alpha. To test for proliferation, stimulated … Lire la suite
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2019 — Objective assessment of technical skills during orotracheal intubationRésumé
Bouchard, Carl-Éric (Internal/Cosupervisor2) Lire la suite
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2009 — Biochemical system simulation on a heterogeneous multicore processorRésumé
Biological system simulation is an increasingly popular field of study that provides biologists with the tools necessary to simulate biochemical systems in order to obtain quantitative models. The purpose of this thesis is to describe an accelerated version of GridCell, a stochastic biological system simulator. GridCell tracks each individual particle's location in the system, as well as the time evolution of the concentration of each species involved. It simulates molecular diffusion via Brownian movements, and particle interactions are dependent on their locations. We present here a parallel adaptation of the algorithm, implemented on a heterogeneous multicore processor, i.e. IBM Cell … Lire la suite
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2014 — Instance optimality in infinite-dimensional compressed sensingRésumé
This thesis provides a thorough literature review of the newly founded theory of compressed sensing (CS), developed by Cand`es and his collaborators. The majority of the documented developments remain in the treatment of perfectly sparse signals in the finite dimensional setting. This was extended to the treatment of nearly sparse (compressible) signals in infinite-dimensions by Adcock and Hansen. A novel approach in analyzing the performance of CS, in the finite-dimensional setting, was developed by Cohen, Dahmen and DeVore where they study the effectiveness of CS. This is carried by comparing it to the well established theory of best k-term approximation, … Lire la suite
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2021 — Adaptive spline finite element methods for fourth order elliptic problemsRésumé
Cette thèse se concentre sur l’analyse des erreurs des méthodes aux éléments finis basées sur la spline B pour trois équations différentielles partielles (EDP) elliptiques du quatrième ordre soumises à des conditions limites essentielles. La première de ces EDP est l’équation biharmonique avec le côté droit intégré au carré, et a deuxième et troisième EDP sont des modèles pour les équations quasi-géostrophiques (EQG) simulant les courants océaniques à grande échelle poussés par le vent. L’objectif de cette thèse est, entre autres, d’analyser les performances de l’adaptabilité pour ces méthodes de type Nitsche et de compléter les analyses par des simulations … Lire la suite
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2000 — Electrohydrodynamic drying of viscous materials and agar gelRésumé
A need exists for developing a drying technique for heat-sensitive materials as the conventional heat-based drying methods often produce changes in their physico-chemical properties. This thesis presents a non-thermal electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying technique that may be used to dry both heat-sensitive and viscous materials. A single point-to-plate EHD system was used in de-watering sugar solutions and glycerin-water mixtures having viscosity between 2 and 22 mPa s. The EHD and forced air (2.5 m s-1) each produced 3 to 5 times higher evaporation rate than the control, which was at ambient temperature and relative humidity. The vapor flux decreased considerably and … Lire la suite
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2011 — Reduction in solving some integer least square problemsRésumé
La résolution de problèmes de moindres carrés en nombres entiers (ILS) comprend habituellement deux stages: la réduction et la recherche.Cette thèse s'intéresse à la réduction pour le problème ILS ordinaire et le problème ILS sous contrainte d'ellipse. Pour le problème ILS ordinaire, nous dissipons des erreurs communes de compréhension à propos de la réduction dans la littérature et nous montrons ce qui est réellement crucial pour l'efficacité de la recherche. Ce résultat nous permet de développer un nouvel algorithme de réduction plus efficace que le célèbre algorithme LLL. La stabilité numérique est prise en compte dans le développement du nouvel … Lire la suite