McGill University Thèses et mémoires par auteur commençant par A

Protein synthesis is critical in regulating gene expression. To adapt to a new environment or respond to stress, mammalian cells must immediately fine-tune the translation rate before a new transcriptional program comes into place. Ribosome profiling has expanded our understanding of the translational control mechanisms in different contexts. This genome-wide technique provides a global snapshot of protein synthesis in vivo by delineating the ribosome positions in translating mRNAs. In this thesis, ribosome profiling is used to study two cellular processes highly dependent on mRNA translational control: 1- Status change in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESC), 2-Cellular response to viral infection. …  Lire la suite

De nombreux patients atteints d'épilepsie pharmacorésistante sont considérés comme candidats à la chirurgie afin d'enlever le tissu capable de générer des crises d'épilepsie. La localisation précise de ce tissu est critique pour un bon résultat de chirurgie. Différentes analyses non invasives et invasives sont impliquées pour localiser la zone de résection. Les oscillations à haute fréquence (OHF, 80-500Hz) sont des rythmes EEG spontanés, de courte durée et d'amplitude faible, qui sont principalement détectables dans les enregistrements intracrâniens. Des découvertes récentes ont fourni des preuves solides pour une association entre ces activités à haute fréquence et l'épileptogenèse. Par exemple, ils émergent …  Lire la suite

Cette thèse examine l'identification des contributions centrales, réflexes et intrinsèques au contrôle postural humain. Rester debout est une tâche importante qui requis des interactions complexes entre les système nerveux central, système nerveux périphérique et système musculo-squelettique. Le corps est intrinsèquement instable en position verticale; le moment de torsion de la cheville doit donc être modulé continuellement pour maintenir la stabilité. Ceci est réalisé par: (1) un contrôleur central, activant les muscles en conséquence des informations sensorielles, (2) la raideur intrinsèque, à cause de propriétés mécaniques des muscles et des articulations, et (3) la raideur réflexe, résultant de l'activation du réflexe …  Lire la suite

Les Réfrigérateurs thermo-acoustiques emploient les ondes sonores, l'interaction des particules de gaz oscillatoires et des structures solides de transfert de chaleur pour produire de l'énergie de refroidissement. Les échangeurs de chaleur ont un rôle essentiel pour déplacer la chaleur extraite et doivent être pleinement caractérisé lorsqu'ils sont soumis à débits oscillatoires. Les prévisions de transfert de chaleur basées sur des corrélations au régime permanent sont imprécises pour les échangeurs de chaleur immergés dans des débits oscillants. L'effet de l'oscillation de l'écoulement sur les caractéristiques de transfert de chaleur en relation avec la formation de tourbillons n'est pas entièrement élucidé. L'objectif …  Lire la suite

Il y a des photons qui viennent du bruit dans le faisceau présents dans la distribution d’énergie supplémentaire des évènements qui ont été reconstruits en utilisant les données du détecteur Belle II. Par conséquent c’est difficile d’identifier d’une manière précise l’énergie manquante du détecteur qui peut être attribuée aux neutrinos ou aux autres particules hypothétiques interagissant faiblement. On peut isoler des échantillons d’information du détecteur associés aux photons de bruit du faisceau et ceux qui viennent des évènements de collisions attendues (les photons du signal). Avec ces informations c’est possible de faire une analyse multivariée en utilisant un arbre de …  Lire la suite

Many works present solid biographical data on h&dotbelow;adith transmitters, offering tajrih&dotbelow; and ta`dil with respect to both personal and social background. These works have different ways of organizing their entries. Some show various classes (t&dotbelow;abaqat) of h&dotbelow;adith transmitters, e.g., T&dotbelow;abaqat of Ibn Sa'd. Others use alphabetical order. The outcome is a difference not only in structure but in contents. Some works are based on transmitters, such as those of the six canonical books of Sunni h&dotbelow;adith ; others are based specifically on the disputable qualities of the transmitters. The purpose of this thesis is to present Ibn H&dotbelow;ajar al-`Asqalani's Tahdhib …  Lire la suite

This thesis studies the attitudes of the religious scholars associated with the dayah, the traditional institution of religious learning in Aceh, Indonesia, towards issues of the modernization of Islamic law. In the history of Islamic society in Aceh, these scholars, the 'ulama' dayah, have shown great initiative in guiding their society as it sought solutions to various problems. Their response was not confined merely to religious matters but also extended to the economic, political and social problems. The impact of modern science and technology has led to many changes in economics, agriculture, medicine, and other fields. All these changes have …  Lire la suite

Prasher, Shiv (Internal/Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Context: Scoliosis is an abnormal lateral curvature of the spinal column. Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the most common type of scoliosis and affects approximately 1% to 3% of adolescents. AIS is more prevalent in females as they are ten times more likely to progress their spinal curvature requiring further treatment. The relationship between pain and idiopathic scoliosis has not been well documented and remains unclear in the literature. Evidence suggests that teenagers living with scoliosis could benefit from a support group. Curvy Girls is an international peer-run support group that aims to reduce scoliosis's emotional impact through education, mutual …  Lire la suite

Le "refroidissement réglementaire" et les préjugés présumés en faveur des investisseurs sont les principales critiques pour la transformation du droit international de l'investissement (IIL) et la réforme du système actuel d'arbitrage entre investisseurs et États. Les deux critiques sont également adressées à la norme de traitement juste et équitable (FET). Selon les critiques, l'ambiguïté de la clause donne aux tribunaux beaucoup trop de pouvoir discrétionnaire et, par conséquent, fait que leurs décisions manquent parfois de légitimité et outrepassent l'autonomie de l'État. En réponse, cette thèse soutiendra que pour lutter avec succès contre les allégations de partialité des investisseurs et de …  Lire la suite

This thesis aims to develop a comprehensive strategy for automatic control of the ITH percussive drilling process. Such automation would provide the benefits of improved productivity and quality in terms of penetration rate and hole deviation, as well as enhanced hole quality and machine life. Analysis of field data acquired from drilling experiments performed at INCO's Little Stobie Mine is presented. As a result of this analysis, a control algorithm is formulated to enhance the drilling process efficiency. This algorithm calculates the specific energy (SE) of the rock and adjusts the applied feed force based on this SE value, using …  Lire la suite

In recent decades, hazardous waste generation has increased in industrialized countries, and disposal facilities, especially landfill spaces, have become scarce and therefore more expensive. As a result, exports of hazardous waste to developing countries, especially to Africa grew considerably due to low cost of "disposal". African countries lack the legal and industrial set-ups and technical capacity to dispose of the waste safely. In an attempt to control such exports, African countries adopted the Bamako Convention in January, 1991. The Convention was modelled on the Basel Convention, an instrument adopted earlier on the same subject, but at a global level. Except …  Lire la suite

When the Y chromosome of a Mus musculus domesticus mouse is placed onto the C57BL/6J (B6) inbred genetic background, the XY (B6.Y TIR) progeny develop only ovaries or ovotestes during fetal life. At puberty, while some of the hermaphroditic males become fertile, none of the XY sex-reversed females produce litters. The objective of my study was to clarify the cause of infertility in B6.YTIR females. We have previously demonstrated that the eggs ovulated from B6.YTIR ovaries undergo fertilization efficiently, but cannot develop beyond the 2-cell stage. In the present study, we collected oocytes directly from XY ovaries, and examined their …  Lire la suite

Tension tests have been carried out for a preliminary study of the influence of the steel reinforcement corrosion on bond behaviour. The bond strength was studied through both transverse and longitudinal splitting cracks and a relative bond effectiveness of the corroded bars was determined from the crack spacing. Different stages of the corrosion were established to study their relative bond behaviour, ranging from no corrosion to complete corrosion at the steel-concrete interface. These stages have been achieved by using an accelerated corrosion method. An electrochemical method was used to accelerate corrosion within the specimens. Direct current was applied for increasing …  Lire la suite

This research program consists of laboratory studies of the corrosion phenomenon and field study of the deterioration due to corrosion of the Dickson Bridge. The laboratory studies examined the influence of increasing levels of corrosion on the progressive deterioration of bond between the steel and concrete and determined the extent to which the various cements and mix proportions influence the corrosion of the reinforcement as well as the chloride ion penetration. The corrosion resistance of the fly ash concrete is examined and compared with that of plain concrete to determine the effects of cement type, w/c ratio, cover thickness, and …  Lire la suite

This quasi-experimental study was designed to investigate the effects of negative feedback on second language acquisition and to determine the potential benefits of two different negative feedback techniques, namely recasts and elicitation. The research hypotheses were: 1) Learners who are exposed to communicative activities that include a NF component will benefit more than those who are exposed to communicative activities only; 2) Elicitation will be more effective than recasts in leading to L2 development; 3) Elicitation will be more effective than recasts for both low and high proficiency learners.  Lire la suite

L'objectif de cette thèse est d'analyser et de proposer des solutions au problème de papillotement présent au point de raccordement des parcs éoliens connectés à des réseaux de distribution caractérisés par de faibles niveaux de court-circuit et/ou de faibles rapports réactance à résistance (taux X/R). Le but de ce travail est de réduire l'impact négatif sur la qualité de l'onde et d'augmenter le taux de pénétration de la production d'énergie éolienne au niveau de la distribution. Dans cette thèse, des systèmes de contrôle pour régler la puissance active et réactive au point de raccordement du parc éolien ainsi que des …  Lire la suite

Avec l'explosion de la demande pour les applications de taux de données élevés, l'industrie de la communication est confronté à une nécessité d'exploiter la bande passante limitée disponible aujourd'hui. Un domaine de recherche prometteur d'exploiter la bande passante est plus efficace Plus rapide que Nyquist Transmission, lorsque l'émetteur signale à un taux dépassant le canal fréquence de Nyquist qui est égale à deux fois la largeur de bande du canal. Bien que la signalisation de FTN augmente les débits d'émission et ne augmente pas la bande passante du signal utilisé en raison de la propriété time-shift de la transformée de …  Lire la suite

Vengallatore, Srikar (Internal/Cosupervisor2)  Lire la suite

L’éducation aux adultes pour l’obtention d’un diplôme de niveau secondaire est une forme d’éducation souvent négligée, comparativement à l’éducation primaire, secondaire, collégiale et universitaire. L’objectif de ce mémoire est d’examiner les réalités auxquelles font face les étudiantes immigrantes lors de leur intégration au système d’éducation pour adultes de langue anglaise à Montréal, au Québec. Je participe à ce travail de recherche en tant qu’enseignante et autoethnographe, utilisant comme outil d’enquête un travail de mémoire et d’autoréflexion axé sur une question centrale. Ce mémoire se décline en quatre chapitres. Le premier chapitre décrit le parcours qui m’a menée à pratiquer l’autoethnographie …  Lire la suite

This thesis examines displacement in seven novels of satirical content by Eduardo Mendoza. Drawing from Bertrand Westphal’s geocriticism and Cervantine intertextuality, the research addresses the gap by emphasizing the dynamic function of displacement in the space of satire. It engages with the existing scholarship on the spaces of crime narratives in Mendoza's Mediterranean city novels, such as 'El misterio de la cripta embrujada,' 'El laberinto de las aceitunas,' 'Sin noticias de Gurb,' 'La aventura del tocador de señoras,' 'El asombroso viaje de Pomponio Flato,' 'El enredo de la bolsa y la vida' and 'El secreto de la modelo extraviada.' Through …  Lire la suite

Scorah, Julie (Supervisor2)  Lire la suite

Panangaden, Prakash (Supervisor1)  Lire la suite

Étant donné que des difficultés dans les compétences de régulation des émotions (par exemple, la suppression des émotions) sont liées à de mauvais résultats en matière de santé mentale (par exemple, à des symptômes de dépression), il est nécessaire de développer des interventions encourageant le développement des compétences de régulation des émotions pendant la période clé du développement qu’est l’adolescence (Gross, 2015; Gross & John, 2003). Une intervention simple et brève, l’écriture expressive (EE), est censée favoriser la régulation des émotions et d’autres effets positifs sur la santé mentale en écrivant sur des sujets stressants ou émotionnels (Travagin et al., …  Lire la suite

The economic reforms under way in most developing countries are directed towards the establishment of an open market economy. These efforts have been initiated in the belief that it is within such an environment that resources could be best utilised in furtherance of economic development. Increasing attention is being directed towards competition law and policy as an essential tool for the attainment of this objective. However, the role and design of competition law and policy ought to reflect the peculiar economic, political and social conditions prevalent in developing countries. Thus, one cannot expect that models of competition suited to developed …  Lire la suite

Powder spreading quality directly impacts the integrity of additively manufactured parts, yet traditional spreading quality monitoring methods remain largely manual and subjective. This research introduces a novel approach to detect and report anomalies in real-time during Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) processes through the implementation of an image-based powder spreadability analysis system enhanced by machine learning (ML) capabilities. This research presents an automated powder spreading anomaly detection system developed by adapting, fine-tuning, and ensembling fusion of state-of-the-art image segmentation architectures, namely U-Net, YOLOv8, and Mask R-CNN models, to identify five common powder spreading anomalies: debris, hopping, streaking, bright spots, and …  Lire la suite

Cette thèse s’est penchée sur la question délicate de la responsabilité de l’État en matière de violences sexuelles commises par la police. Conscient du conflit d’intérêts potentiel de l’État et des lacunes au sein du droit, ce projet s’est principalement concentré sur la théorie de responsabilité sociale (« social accountability ») en matière de violences sexuelles policières. Cette conception de la responsabilité englobe les interactions entre la société civile ou les médias et les mécanismes de responsabilité dirigés par l’État. La thèse a examiné une étude de cas, connue sous le nom de « crise de Val-d’Or », pour circonscrire …  Lire la suite

Ramaswamy, Hosahalli (Supervisor1)  Lire la suite

Accumulation of belowground plant material (live roots, rhizomes, and dead material) is critical to vertical accretion of tidal salt marsh soils and their ability to maintain elevation with respect to sea-level rise. Many studies utilize a single, global relationship between soil organic carbon and belowground volume, which does not include the pore space created by belowground growth, thus does not appropriately reflect the contribution of vegetation to soil accretion. This thesis reports on research that seeks to address this gap.Chapter 1 is an introduction and literature review that describes tidal marshes vegetation typical of Northwest Atlantic tidal salt marshes. This …  Lire la suite

This thesis aims to examine liposomes generation in microfluidic systems. As such, it presents the continuous flow formation by two dimensional hydrodynamic flow focusing (2D HFF) of nano-sized liposomes in microfluidic channels. Using our platform, different lipid size particles are generated by altering the flow rates and flow rate ratios of two miscible fluids; a central stream of DPPC (1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) lipids in ethanol and an aqueous buffer. The effect of varying both the lipid composition and flow parameters for the synthesis of DPPC nano-sized liposomes within our platformwas assessed with regards to size, concentration, charge and polydispersity of the resulting …  Lire la suite

There has been recent interest in the possible carcinogenic potential of vegetable fibers (plant fibers) containing amorphous silica. These fibers referred to as Biogenic Amorphous Silica Fibers (BAS) are the normal constituents of number of plant species such as sugar cane, wheat, barley, oats, rice etc. Exposure to fibers within the respirable range has been documented during sugar cane and rice farming and processing operations. Some studies have suggested that such exposure could increase the risk for lung cancer while others have suggested the contrary. In countries like India, sugar cane farming is the major occupation in a number of …  Lire la suite

Due to a rising interest in natural fibres for textiles as well as environmental concerns, the demand for fibre flax has increased in recent decades. It was, therefore, with great enthusiasm that Canadian farmers welcomed, in 1997, the opening of a flaxprocessing unit in the region of Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, Quebec. The purpose of this study was to investigate the economic viability of fibre flax contracting as an alternative activity for field-crop producers in Quebec. A risk-programming model called minimization of total absolute deviation (MOTAD) was developed to better approach this issue. The MOTAD takes into account the variability in income that …  Lire la suite

Because anxiety is a term which is used in a variety of contexts, a definition of it, as used in this paper, is necessary. Warren’s Dictionary of Psychology defines anxiety as “an emotional attitude or sentiment concerning the future, characterized by an unpleasant mingling of dread and hope”. MacKinnon (1944) writes that anxiety occupies the intermediate position in the series of prospective emotions made up of confidence, hope, anxiety, despondency and despair. Mowrer (1939) defines anxiety as anticipation of painfully intense stimulation. Masserman (1944) sees anxiety as “a diffuse, pervading apprehensiveness without specific or clearly recognized (conscious) reality referents”. Billings …  Lire la suite

Ruge-Murcia, Francisco (Supervisor2)  Lire la suite

Nicolau, Belinda Farias (Supervisor1)  Lire la suite

Simpson, Benjamin K. (Internal/Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Olaparib is an oral inhibitor of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) manufactured by AstraZeneca under the brand name Lynparza®. It was first clinically approved as monotherapy for the maintenance treatment of BRCA1/2-mutated (germline or somatic) high-grade serous ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancers who were sensitive to platinum-based chemotherapy. The antitumor activity of olaparib is based on the synthetic lethality relationship between PARP and BRCA1/2 where loss of BRCA1/2 function or PARP inhibition alone is compatible with cell survival, but the combination of BRCA1/2 inactivation and PARP inhibition leads to cell death. Olaparib treatment has been most successful in minimizing tumor …  Lire la suite

Forested watersheds play an important role in the transformation of nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) as they pass from atmospheric inputs to aquatic ecosystems, under diverse anthropogenic nitrogen deposition and land cover regimes. In this study, I examined the transformations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium (NH4), nitrate (NO3), and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) from precipitation inputs through the forest canopy, into the well-drained and wetland soils, and into two streams draining a 46 ha and a 11 ha nested old growth forested watersheds at Mont St. Hilaire (MSH), in southern Quebec. Measurements were made from May to September 2013, …  Lire la suite

[...] This project briefly explores the circumstances which give rise to commodity controls and the role which public policy plays in their control and development. [...]  Lire la suite

En juin 1940, se résignant Ii la défaite de la France et prêt à collaborer avec le Troisième Reich, le maréchal Pétain prend la direction d'un régime autoritaire, catholique et corporatiste: le gouvernement de Vichy. Mais à Londres, les Français libres, diriges par le général de Gaulle, refusent de s'avouer vaincus et contestent la légitimité du régime de Vichy. La France libre et la France de Vichy s'engagent alors dans un combat pour l'opinion Français. Au milieu de la tourmente, l'affrontement déborde les frontières nationales, les deux partis luttant pour la reconnaissance internationale. Le Canada Français - pour des raisons …  Lire la suite

Pollard, Wayne H. (Supervisor1)  Lire la suite

Besides providing a biographical sketch of Bint al-Shati', this thesis analyzes her intellectual growth and provides the necessary information about her works relating to Qur'anic studies. The study also surveys al-Khuli's method of Qur'anic exegesis and Bint al-Shati' thinspace's attempts to apply it to her own works. Our analysis focuses on her works on Qur'anic studies such as al-Tafsir al-Bayani li al-Qur'an al-Karim, Maqal fi al-Insan and al-I'jaz al-Bayani li al-Qur'an wa Masa'il Ibn al-Azraq. The distinguishing features of her philological and thermatic approach are discussed and the main results obtained by the practical application of this method are shown …  Lire la suite

As modern integrated-circuit (IC) technology advances, the level of integration increases, and so too does the clock speed of on-chip signals. As a result, signal integrity has become a major issue on which the circuit performance is largely based. Clock jitter is one of the main issues of signal integrity, and it has become one of the most important circuit limitations. While extensive research is on-going to reduce clock jitter in ICs, researchers have also been actively involved in discovering ways to characterize it through applications of new time measurement units, or TMUs for short. A number of TMUs have …  Lire la suite

The hemopoietic microenvironment of the bone marrow is an essential regulator of in vivo hemopoiesis. In addition to supporting the growth of normal blood cells, it also influences the growth of leukemia. This thesis describes the use of a rat model to examine three aspects of the function of the hemopoietic microenvironment. First, using a myeloid leukemia cell line (BNML), we showed that the pattern of growth of these cells differed in the bone marrow and spleen, that their presence was associated with a relocalization of normal hemopoietic stem cells from marrow to spleen, and that factors (yet to be …  Lire la suite

Les prions sont des protéines de repliement anormal qui sont capables de se propager et transmettre sa conformation aux autres copies de la même protéine. Ils sont généralement composés de fibrilles, qui sont les structures riches en feuillets β appelés amyloïde. Ils se forment des agrégats insolubles et altère la fonction normale de la protéine. Les prions dans Saccharomyces cerevisiae peut se propager phénotypes héritables et règlementer des gènes à grande échelle. Ils peuvent aussi découvrir la variation génétique cachée. Ils ont également proposé des mécanismes de conversion qui sont applicables aux maladies à prion humaines et de mammifères. Presque …  Lire la suite

This study estimated the economic impact of climate change on representative cash crop farms at selected sites in Québec and Ontario over the period 2010 to 2039 using a Mixed Integer Dynamic Linear Programming Model. Five climate scenarios (Hot & Dry, Hot & Humid, Median, Cold & Dry and Cold & Humid) and four weather conditions (the combination of with and without Carbon Dioxide (CO2) enhancement and water limitation) were selected and combined to form 20 different scenarios. Four major cash crops, i.e. corn, soybean, wheat, and barley, were considered using both reference and improved cultivars. Historical data on crop …  Lire la suite