McGill University Thèses et mémoires par auteur commençant par F

In 1917 the British Government gave its sanction to the establishment of a Jewish National Home in Palestine. In 1948 the independent State of Israel came into existence as an outgrowth of that sanction. At the end of this thirty-one year period the Jews constituted about one-third of the population of Palestine, but their tremendous zeal, backed by a large financial outlay by the Jews of the Diaspora, made them more than a match for the remainder of the population. [...]  Lire la suite

This thesis explored the place of vitamin C in the Inuit diet through analysis of traditional food sources, assessment of contemporary intake among women aged 20--40 years, estimation of a pre contact intake of vitamin C and qualitative interviews to contextualize current food choices that can affect vitamin C intake. This thesis provides the first reports of vitamin C values for several Inuit traditional foods. There are rich sources of vitamin C in the Inuit traditional food although they are infrequently consumed by this group of women. On average half of the women interviewed in each season met the 1990 …  Lire la suite

L’objectif de ce projet de recherche était de quantifier les effets de changer la posture de travail sur les patrons de la région cou/épaules durant un travail prolongé sur ordinateur chez des jeunes adultes en santé. De cela, en découleraient des données objectives à propos d’interventions devenant communes en milieu de travail à l’ordinateur : marcher-et-travailler. L’activité musculaire du haut du corps (EMG), le débit sanguin (LDF), la perception de l’inconfort ainsi que la performance à l’ordinateur ont été enregistrés toutes les 9 minutes pendant une période de 90 min alors que les sujets reproduisaient un texte à l’ordinateur, ceci …  Lire la suite

Carl C. Jung’s psychology is considered from a communications perspective. Jung’s method of empirical research and of therapeutic practice, as well as the central object of his investigation, namely, the process of individuation, are shown to be based on a relationship of communication intrapsychically between consciousness and the unconscious, and extra-psychically between individuals, or between individuals and the material world. Jung’s interpretation of alchemy, whose symbols provide a paradigmatic description of individuation, makes possible a psychological understanding of the dynamics of individuated communication via the notions of projection and transformation, while respecting the unknown basis of unconscious processes. Invoked as …  Lire la suite

Rees, Tobias (Supervisor1)  Lire la suite

There is increasing evidence that human genetics may be able to improve the development of antidiabetic therapies by helping to select the best drug targets by predicting potential drug efficacy and toxicity. Recent targeted exome sequencing has identified potentially functional exonic variants in six genes encoding drug targets for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). We focused our work on the low-frequency missense variant (Ala316Thr; rs10305492) in the gene encoding glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R). GLP-1R is the target of GLP-1 agonists, long-acting mimetics of the incretin hormone GLP-1, which increase insulin secretion by pancreatic β-cells following oral …  Lire la suite

The primary focus of this work is Article 57 of the Draft European Constitution, concerning the constitutionalisation of a new aspect in EU external relations law, 'the European Neighbourhood Policy'. No comprehensive study of this constitutional article has yet been undertaken in EU legal research. Through the medium of the title of my thesis I wish to examine whether it amounts to an emergent jus gentium for the EU or its antithesis, the consolidation of jus civile. In parallel with the nature of the subject, this study is necessarily a legal-political one. Key points identified are the strategic use of …  Lire la suite

While there is evidence that the interactions that occur in the early years of life between very-low-birthweight (VLBW) infants and their mothers affects later child development, little is known about the factors that are associated with responsive and sensitive mother-VLBW infant interaction. Belsky's (1984) model of the determinants of parenting proposes that multiple child, parent, and contextual factors influence parenting behaviour. This prospective study examined the combined influence of a set of infant (i.e., birthweight and perinatal illness severity), mother (i.e., state anxiety and parenting sense of competence), and contextual variables (i.e., maternal received and perceived helpfulness of support, and …  Lire la suite

The modern soundscape buzzes with noise. In the 1930s, telephones, radios, and gramophones filled domestic spaces with technological noise, while crowds shouting in the streets created political clamour. During the war in the 1940s, bombs and sirens broke through buildings and burst through consciousness. This dissertation examines the response of three British modernist writers to the cultural shifts brought about by technology and politics, which altered everyday experience and social relations. Elizabeth Bowen, Evelyn Waugh, and George Orwell represent noise in their fiction and nonfiction as a trope of power. Noise, as a palpable emblem of discontent and the acoustic …  Lire la suite

One of the first triumphs of the quantum theory was the prediction of the effect that an electric field has on the emission of spectral lines. It was in 1913 that Stark first demonstrated this phenomenon. The historical development of knowledge of the Stark effect is now as well known as that of the Zeeman effect. Since 1913, the original canal-ray type of tube used by Stark and the earlier workers has been superceded by various modifications of the LoSurdo source. One modification of this source was used in this work and is described in detail under the heading "DISCHARGE …  Lire la suite

L'oeuvre de Jean-Jacques Rousseau révèle une assez grande variété de forme, de ton, et d'intérêt. Pour cette raison on peut toujours y trouver du nouveau, ce qui explique l'abondance d'interprétations et de réinterprétations que cette oeuvre a suscitée depuis deux siècles. J'avais commencé ma propre étude de Rousseau avec un sujet un peu différent en tête; je songeais à traiter le thème de la promenade chez Rousseau, sujet déjà étudié en détail par maints critiques, et qui se rapporte surtout à la vie de Jean-Jacques. [...]  Lire la suite

In Blake's work there is a consistent statement concerning the unity or man's psychic, ethical, and cognitive experience which, we believe, is still largely valid. The purpose or this study is to discover, by an investigation or all Blake's writings -- his lyrics, epics or prophecies, marginalia and letters -- what this statement is, and to set down its skeletal structure. Blake believed that man's imagination forms and gives unity to his experience.  Lire la suite

Pavements are generally analyzed as elastic layered structures, and designed empirically. Currently, more than 25% of road pavements in Canada fail prematurely (i.e. shortly after they are constructed) whereas only 60% reach their actual design life (C-SHRP, 2002). Pavement failures are generally displayed at the top of the asphalt layer. These deteriorations rarely initiate at the surface as the different layers interact co-dependently in resisting the applied loads. The failure of any one of them will weaken the pavement and reflect at the surface as deteriorations. The City of Montreal is experiencing extensive premature pavement failures mostly in the form …  Lire la suite

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the dental workforce, including trainees, was at high risk of infection. Studies suggest that women faced a greater burden due to increased household and work responsibilities. However, few studies have examined work-related absenteeism in dental schools, particularly in relation to gender differences.Objectives: The study objectives were to a) estimate the difference in the proportion of days off work among women and men in a sample of students and staff in Canadian dental schools during the COVID-19 pandemic from April 2021 to April 2022; b) estimate the difference in the proportion of days off work among …  Lire la suite

Mallory, J. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

Wassim Kassouf (Supervisor1)  Lire la suite

Many engineering materials call for increasing strength and ductility. Unfortunately, the material properties of high ductility and high strength are usually mutually contradictory. These conflicting requirements have generated interest in transformation induced plasticity or TRIP steels, which mainly consist of a mixture bainite, ferrite and retained austenite. The superior strength and ductility of these types of steels is due to the strain induced transformation of retained austenite to martensite. Intercritical deformation (i.e. deformation in the austenite + ferrite two phase region) has been extensively studied on C-Mn and microalloyed steels, but not on TRIP steels. Intercritical rolling increases the volume …  Lire la suite

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of chronic exercise on the frequency and intensity of positive and negative affect in Chinese students and to examine the effects of chronic exercise on indicators of fatigue and health. No differences in maximal oxygen uptake between groups or across time were observed. Significantly higher heart rates were noted as a function of participation in the exercise program. Positive affect increased for the male exercise group from Pre-training to Post-training while the female exercise group did not significantly increase over time periods. Positive affect of the control group remained stable …  Lire la suite

Fibromyalgia is a widespread pain disorder lacking detectable pathology making it extremely difficult to diagnose and treat. Recently, researchers have turned to neuroimaging in order to search for morphological changes in the brain related to fibromyalgia. These magnetic resonance imaging studies have revealed widespread gray matter decreases in a variety of brain regions thought to be involved in pain processing. A previous study from our group used voxel-based morphometry to characterize these gray matter decreases in several prefrontal areas, including the middle frontal gyrus, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the premotor cortex in a sample of 28 female fibromyalgia patients …  Lire la suite

My dissertation examines women's unique techniques and cultures of communication at the Greenham Common Women's Peace Camp in Newbury, England between 1982-1985. Often referred to by participants as one of the "last movements before the internet," I look at Greenham as a site through which to think about how activists' communication and cultural practices in the 1980s shaped activist uses of the worldwide web and other new media technologies central to contemporary struggles. I argue that social movement media such as videos, newsletters, postcards, songs and songbooks both create movement culture at the time of their production, and carry movement …  Lire la suite

Schoenberg's monodrama Erwartung, op.17 (1909), appeared at the dawn of early Expressionism, a movement which profoundly affected the composer's early works. This movement dealt in part with the alienation and isolation of the self in what many artists considered a corrupt and degenerate society. The first part of this thesis examines the possible influences of the Expressionist and Symbolist traditions on Erwartung's text and, to a lesser extent, the early history of psychoanalysis, of which librettist Marie Pappenheim was certainly aware. The impact of the changes made by Schoenberg to Pappenheim's original text, as well as some of his elusive …  Lire la suite

Perhaps the most important problem facing Canada to-day is the problem of the disposal of her wheat. In recent years Canada has forged proudly ahead to become the "granary of the Empire" and the greatest exporting nation in the world. Our jubiliation over the bumper crop of 1928, however, was shortlived because on of the unusual phenomeon that oocured: the crop did not move out as it should have done. After that the piling up of the 1929 crop was not unexpected. [...]  Lire la suite

Nilson, Laura (Supervisor2)  Lire la suite

Les calculs rénaux sont formés de cristaux de calcium qui s’agrègent ensemble et précipitent de l’urine. Ces calculs sont en général douloureux pour les patients et peuvent endommager les reins, en particulier s’ils sont récurrents. L’hypercalciurie est un facteur de risque majeur et peut être causé soit par une augmentation de l’excrétion de calcium, ou par une diminution de la réabsorption du calcium dans les néphrons des reins. Les claudines sont une grande famille de protéines transmembranaires qui sont trouvés dans les jonctions serrées des cellules épithéliales. Les claudines interagissent entre elles pour former divers types de pores et de …  Lire la suite

Each of the two "new" paradigms for ecological anthropology, ecosystems analysis and ethnoecology, explores only one pair of phenomena relevant to cultural ecology, environment and action, and environment and belief respectively. This study argues that ecological analysis is weakened by the exclusion of any one of those three orders of phenomena as objects of study. A detailed analysis of cognitive and behavioral data on the resource management of Waswanipi Cree hunters shows how religious beliefs incorporate both cultural logics and realistic models of environmental relationships; and, how action informed by those beliefs can effectively manage hunting, animal populations, human population …  Lire la suite

Salisbury, R. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The purpose of cost accounting is to provide management with pertinent cost measurements and analysis as a basis for managerial decisions. To fulfil this function the cost accountant has to adapt his thinking and methods to reflect the underlying economic conditions and abandon his stock-in-trade of conventional ideas. Two of the major faults of conventional accounting practice lie first in the failure to distinguish between fixed and variable costs and secondly in the unrealistic assumption, underlying much of the accountant’s work, that costs do not vary.  Lire la suite

This chapter will be predominantly concerned with the institutional framework of the nationalized industrial sector of the Polish economy in order to throw some light on the setting and constraints which surround a state-owned industrial enterprise. However, prior to the exposition of the present administrative and planning systems we shall attempt to present to the reader the highlights of the evolution of these systems. For that purpose we shall concentrate on some of the aspects of the development of the centralized planning system in Poland after World War II through the Three-Year Plan of reconstruction and the Six-Year Plan of …  Lire la suite

Turbulent jets are ubiquitous in industrial and environmental applications. Of particular interest is when the jet interacts with a turbulent ambient. In this research, a better understanding of the properties and scaling of the outer scalar interface in turbulent axisymmetric jets, both with and without external turbulence is sought. Since the topological features of the outer interface in turbulent flows are closely related to their rate of expansion, a portrait of entrainment mechanisms in turbulent ambient is depicted through the use of scalar statistics. Lastly, the scalar interfaces of a coaxial jet in its near field are analyzed to draw …  Lire la suite

To date, no empirical research has been conducted to investigate the combined effect of research self-efficacy and supervisor support on psychological well-being in doctoral students. This study aims to address this research gap by examining the effects of supervisor support and self-efficacy in research on psychological well-being in doctoral students. Doctoral-level students (N = 637) were recruited internationally from a total of 36 countries across 41 disciplines and completed an online questionnaire consisting of self-report measures including perceived supervisor support, self-efficacy for research, and global psychological adjustment (burnout, depression, intention to quit, impostor syndrome, work-life balance). The results of hierarchical …  Lire la suite

Le domaine de la formation doctorale au Canada a connu une augmentation notable de la recherche soulignant son importance dans le domaine de l'enseignement supérieur. Malgré l'augmentation des inscriptions, les perspectives complètes sur les expériences, les défis et les émotions vécus par les doctorants restent rares. Cette thèse comprend trois manuscrits qui explorent de manière approfondie ces aspects, avec l'objectif d'enrichir notre compréhension de l'expérience du doctorat dans les universités canadiennes. Le manuscrit 1 étudie le rôle du stress dans le bien-être des doctorants et leur propension à abandonner leurs études. S'appuyant sur les modèles théoriques de Lazarus et Folkman …  Lire la suite

L'imagerie par résonance magnétique de diffusion (IRMd) est l'une des principales modalités d'imagerie permettant d'obtenir des informations in vivo sur la connectivité et la microstructure du cerveau. Ces dernières années, l'IRMd a suscité un intérêt croissant pour l'étude des petites structures cérébrales, telles que le cortex et l'hippocampe, grâce aux progrès réalisés dans les modèles de microstructure et les technologies d'imagerie. Cependant, l'obtention de résolutions effectives élevées et ultra-élevées avec les méthodes actuelles d'IRMd demeure un défi, surtout pour des temps de balayage raisonnables sur les scanners cliniques. Ce projet de doctorat 1) caractérise la résolution effective de l'IRMd qui …  Lire la suite

Comprendre la mécanique de l’oreille moyenne est crucial pour le développement de méthodes efficaces de dépistage et de diagnostic des troubles de l’oreille. Le développement de modèles tridimensionnels à éléments finis de l’oreille moyenne s’est avéré une approche efficace pour étudier son comportement mécanique et simuler des tests cliniques. La tympanométrie est un test clinique dans lequel une pression quasi statique est introduite dans le canal auditif avec une excitation acoustique et la réponse de l’oreille externe et moyenne est déterminée en tant qu’admission acoustique. Mesurer les effets sur l’oreille moyenne de pressions statiques analogues à la tympanométrie nous aide …  Lire la suite

The study of wall jets is of interest for boundary layer control to prevent separation, and basic information about curved jets is important when blowing over the knee of flaps is considered, or in pneumatic computer design where the deflection of fluid streams is desired. [...]  Lire la suite

Theall, D. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The Method of Integral Relations is used to predict stress distributions in a granular half-space due to a normally applied two-dimensional surface load. The resulting stress profiles are compared with Boussinesq's solution for a two-dimensional elastic medium and with the results of experiments which were carried out in sand using an axi-symmetric geometry. The theory predicts that the behaviour of the solutions depends primarily on the shape of the surface loading profiles. A parabolic loading profile equivalent to that observed experimentally yields vertical normal stress profiles which have good qualitative agreement with the experimental results and with the Diffusion Equation …  Lire la suite

Fillion, Luc (Supervisor2)  Lire la suite

Cancer research has been focused on targeting specific regulatory signalling pathways, which undergo mutation or deregulation in cancer. Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway is often altered in human cancer. Hormonal vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25D) has attracted increasing interest because of its putative anticancer properties and role in controlling immune system function. Notably, the hormone-bound vitamin D receptor (VDR) suppresses signaling by pro-inflammatory NF-κB transcription factors, although the underlying mechanisms have remained elusive. Recently, the VDR was shown to enhance the turnover of the oncogenic transcription factor cMYC mediated by the E3 ligase and tumor suppressor FBW7. As …  Lire la suite

La protéine tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B est une enzyme ubiquitaire impliquée dans une grande variété de voies de signalisation. Initialement décrite comme un régulateur négatif du récepteur à l’insuline, PTP1B attire beaucoup l’attention en tant que cible thérapeutique pour le traitement du diabète. Ces dernières années, les études décrivent PTP1B comme proto- et anti-oncogénique dépendamment du tissue où elle est exprimée. Dans le cancer de l’œsophage et les lymphomes, PTP1B agit en tant que suppresseur de tumeur. En contraste, PTP1B a une fonction oncogénique dans les cancers du sein, de la prostate, du poumon, de l’estomac et du colon. Le rôle …  Lire la suite

Piccirillo, Ciriaco (Internal/Cosupervisor2)  Lire la suite

Les lois adoptées par le Parlement doivent respecter la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés. Cette thèse examine les différents processus du système parlementaire canadien qui assurent la conformité des projets de loi à la Charte et arrive à la conclusion que la constitutionalité de certains types de législation n'est pas vérifiée par un processus formalisé. De plus, les processus primaires de vérification au sein du Parlement ne reflètent pas comment les tribunaux évaluent la législation contestée en vertu de la Charte. Tandis que les processus semblent se concentrer sur l'identification de défauts anticonstitutionnels qui pourraient être remédiés par un …  Lire la suite

Abenhaim, L. (Supervisor)  Lire la suite

The areal coverage of echoes from snow as a function of height and intensity has been measured using an automated method, for 183 hours of records from the winter of 1963 - 64. The shape of these plots against height averaged over the whole winter season is found to be identical to the shape measured previously for a season of rain echoes whose tops were below 40 thousand feet. [...]  Lire la suite