Documents found
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3212.More information
This article deals with the shift from the building up of cultural heritage to the building up of tourism. The example of olives and olive oil has been selected because of the contemporary worldwide craze for olive tree products ( Olea europaea l.). Festive events enhancing olive by-products for new urban audiences and tourists are described first. Then the article focuses on the processes that accompany the shift from cultural heritage to tourism. It shows how the products' status varies according to the spatial, social, symbolical, and sensorial level.
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3213.More information
How urban was industrial activity in 1871, when only one in five Canadians lived in incorporated cities, towns or villages? This paper explores central Canada's urban-industrial system at a time of transition in industrial technology, business organization and work discipline. Based on analysis of the manuscript schedules of the First Census of Canada made machine-readable by the CANIND71 project, the article has three main parts. First, the whole urban-industrial system is described, using a classification that combines measures of the significance of industrial work in each place and of specialization in particular sectors with the population size of urban centres. Next, a typology of industrial workplaces is presented, combining measures of the number of workers with the extent to which non-manual power was used in the industrial process. Patterns of industry within urban places (especially Trois-Rivières and Guelph) are examined in order to assess factors such as rail and water transport, types of power, scale of process and size of output, and types of workplace and workforce. The authors propose questions and directions for further research on industry in Canada's urban centres.
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3214.More information
The commemoration in 2015 of the 400th anniversary of the “French presence in Ontario,” and the subsequent apology issued by the provincial government the following year for Regulation 17 (which severely curtailed the use of French in the province's schools between 1912 and 1927), generated considerable discursive activity in French Ontario. This activity fostered a number of “narrative conflicts” that reveal competing conceptions of Franco-Ontarians' collective past as well as distinct understandings of historical time. Analyzing these conflicts in the light of the rivalry between competing commemorative poles, being “nation building” and “postcolonialism,” sheds new light on the tensions and debates that structure the relationship Franco-Ontarians have not only with themselves but also with the “other” (anglophone majority, francophone ethnocultual minorities and native peoples).
Keywords: Ontario français, commémoration, construction nationale, postcolonialisme, conflits narratifs, French Ontario, commemoration, nation building, postcolonialism, narrative conflicts
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3215.More information
AbstractABSTRACTMateriality and RituaL The Origins of Stone Tombs in Southern MadagascarWhy do certain societies build monumental stone funerary architecture yet live in small, flimsy houses ? Who initiates practices of building tombs in stone ? In what social and geopolitical circumstances monumental tomb traditions began ? How do changes in funerary architecture compare with changes in funerary ritual ? This paper explores the history and context of monumental stone tombs currentiy built by the Tandroy people of Southern Madagascar.Key words : Parker Pearson, monumentality, funerary, history, Tandroy, Madagascar
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3217.More information
Abstract" Info a Basket Carried on the Back " : Importance of Basketry in Gathering/Hunting/ Fishing Economies in Northwestern North AmericaThe role of basketry in traditional cultures and economies of the Northwest region is surveyed and examined, together with the history, diversity and applications of baskets, and the investments of time, energy and knowledge required to produce them. As major containers for food harvesting, transportation and storage, baskets have been an integral part of the seasonal food production Systems in the region. Basketmaking is traditionally women's work. It reflects a complex system of knowledge incorporating not only the techniques of the art, but the ecological and cultural aspects of harvesting and processing the materials. Changes in the production and functions of baskets over time are discussed. Basketmaking continues to the present, but basketmakers have noted impacts of industrial forestry and other recent human activities on the materials they use. Directions for further research in the ecological and économie aspects of basketmaking are suggested.Key words : Turner, ecology, Native Americans, hunters and gatherers, fishing people, handicrafts, basketry
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3218.
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3219.More information
Household services sector in France is characterized by involuntary part-time jobs, even in permanent contracts, fixed-term contracts and multi-activity. The situation of these employees does not therefore obey a simple dual structure between permanent contracts (CDI) and short-term contracts. May this explain why, while this sector is a provider of large and growing number of jobs, employers struggle to recruit? This article is twofold: first, we shed light on the determinants of household services employee's mobility towards either stable employment or to precarity, when initially hired on temporary contracts. Second, we analyze these employees' transitions within the labor market. We estimate a competing risks model on the French Labor Force Survey 2003-2011, which allows detailed information on these employees' transitions.
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3220.More information
This paper empirically analyzes and evaluates the effect of the consequences linked to the existence of Central Africa's countries national borders on its internal trade. From the pseudo-maximum likelihood method, we estimate a theoretically grounded gravity equation. Ceteris paribus, on average from 1995 to 2010 in Central Africa, our results show that the bad quality of bilateral infrastructure, the small size of nations and wealth differences between pairs of countries, linked to the existence of national borders, reduce the bilateral trade respectively by 15%, 26% and 19%. They also show that these factors account for part of the level of border effect mentioned in the literature. These results are robust to the type of sector concerned, to diversification, to exchange rate volatility, to armed conflict and the change of distance measure.