Documents found
-
101.More information
The article sets out to provide an overview of the contemporary issues that cross social work. Having been interested for several years in the evolution of social work, especially in an international French-speaking context, the author illustrates her point from the diverse fields of investigation that she has been able to conduct. It is therefore a question of bringing to light how the transformations take place with regard to different scenes characterized by their own logics. The crossing of three social worlds in social work will be explored: training, professional practice environments, the managerial world of organizations.
Keywords: Travail social, formation, intervention sociale, gestion, Social work, training, social intervention, management
-
102.More information
On April 15, 1922, Octave-Louis Aubert, a journalist, publisher and editor living in Saint-Brieux (Côtes-du-Nord, Brittany), launched the monthly journal La Bretagne touristique, renamed Bretagne in 1929. Through his publication, illustrated with rich iconography in which photography figured prominently and favoured regionalism, Aubert sought to promote Brittany in all fields - economy and tourism certainly, but literature and art above all - by defending Brittany's traditions while associating them with modernization and modernity. Texts by well-known writers supported this initiative. Photographic and textual reports created the portrait of a territory with a strong regional identity that strove to preserve its Celtic language, Breton, its costumes and its traditions by promoting its heritage and its past, but strove also to modernize. At the same time, especially in the 1930s, the journal brought attention to young creative Bretons (writers, poets, painters, sculptors, engravers, musicians) by publishing their texts or reproducing their works. The perusal of the 173 issues published during the between-the-wars period demonstrates that La Bretagne touristique forged images of the “country of Breton,” this “tiny homeland” that was working to preserve its regional identity within the framework of the “larger homeland” of France after the sacrifices made in World War I.
Keywords: entre-deux-guerres, régionalisme, culture bretonne, photographie, littérature, between-the-wars, regionalism, Breton culture, photography, literature
-
103.More information
This article proposes a close reading of Tristan Corbière's satirical diptych “Duel aux camélias” and “Fleur d'art” from his only poems collection Les amours jaunes (1873). While the humor primarily resides in rire jaune (forced, sour laughter), and can serve as an ethic for the author, these two texts explore what they term as manière noire (dark manner). Although the notion initially refers to the mezzotint technique in etching, in a literal sense, it tends to darken the representation of love and passion by emphasizing sadomasochistic relationships between men and women. Through the stylus, the act of writing is likened to etchings on the metal plate: a violent and ironic gesture, incompatible with lyrical sentimentality.
-
105.More information
ABSTRACTThis paper, which is mainly intended for social historians, first provides an overview of a major research stream dealing with marriage patterns in peasant societies. The field of research is examined in the light of three sub-themes or issues: recurring unions (author's translation for "renchaînements d'alliance"), consanguineous marriages, and land-motivated unions. For each of these, the paper outlines major findings, models and hypotheses, and pending research issues. The paper also sets forth critical comments on various aspects of the field of research. It draws attention, for instance, on the methodological difficulties that have so far prevented a thorough, rigorous demonstration of recurring unions as a family strategy and a preferential behavior. Another problem pertains to the detection of "regularities" in mate selection. Following one of C. Lévi-Strauss's major theoretical contributions, it has been suggested that, even in so-called complex societies like ours, mating might well be governed by more or less hidden rules. This line of research is briefly explored in relation to rural Quebec, using unpublished Saguenay data from the BALSAC population register as well as published material. Finally, the paper submits a few hypotheses and proposals regarding the future of research in this almost unexplored area in Quebec society and culture. To that end, it also calls for a close cooperation between historians and anthropologists.
-
106.More information
In her article, Linda Guidroux tries to understand how we can “belong” and why we can claim our cultural belonging in the context of migration. These concerns led her to question the deterritoralization of cultural belonging and its relocation in the context of migration. She took as a case study the migration of Bretons to Quebec since 1950. First, she asked: to which ethnic group (Breton, French, Quebec, Canadian and/or other) do Breton migrants to Quebec refer (or have been referred, for those who returned to Bretagne), to identify themselves in their new country, and to which of these groups do they identify themselves to the “Other”. Second, she analyzes how their representations of their ethnic group have influenced their choice to belong to this group and to maintain, build or break relationships with it. Finally, she identifies whether or not their migration experience in Quebec has shaped their choice of cultural belonging.
-
107.More information
PCB's are a group of chlorinated chemicals particularly persistent in the environment. The total global production of PCB compounds is evaluated at 1 200 000 tons and about 30 % are dispersed in the environment, mainly in the oceans. Distribution of these substances in the aquatic environment depends on exchange mechanisms at seawater/atmosphere and seawater/sediment interfaces, at abiotic and biotic transformation processes and at bioconcentration processes in the biota. Twenty years of research work allow us to describe with sufficient precision the biogeochemical cycle of PCB's in the marine environment. The PCB contamination of the French coastal marine environment is investigated more closely. Total PCB production in France is evaluated at 123 000 tons and pollutant inputs to the coastal marine environment, via rivers and atmosphere, are estimated between 2.5 and 3.0 tons/years. The Least polluted zones are in the English Channel along the north coast of Brittany till Normandy (West Cotentin) and in the Mediterranean along the east coast of Corsica. The most highly polluted area is constituted by the estuary and the bay of the Seine which receive river pollutant inputs. High PCB contaminations are also observed in industrial and urban zones, and in areas which receive untreated urban sewage (ex. Marseille). Several short-term surveys let us suppose there has been a general decrease in PCB levels along the French coastal marine environment in the last decade.
Keywords: PCB, milieu marin, France, eau de mer, sédiments, organisme marins, PCB, marine environment, France, seawater, sediment, biota
-
108.More information
Since the 1960s, pleasure-boating has experienced a significant development throughout the French coast. Although the harbor infrastructures are well studied, this is not the case of the recreational boater behaviors and distribution once on the water or on the nearby islands. This knowledge is, however, essential in order to improve and develop new integrated coastal planning strategies. This article presents the methodological framework of a recreational boating monitoring study conducted in the Arcachon Basin (France) between 2008 and 2009. The results further our understanding of this boating area that is based on different practice places.
Keywords: étude fréquentation, plaisance, méthodes, quantification, cartographie, aires marines protégées, visitor monitoring, pleasure-boating, methods, quantification, mapping, marine protected area
-
109.More information
In western Africa, the resilience of the economic sectors to climate risks and changes is a major development challenge. A strong scientific information is essential to formulate and implement efficient and successful resilience processes. For Western Africa, and particularly for the agricultural sector, making such information available is one of the major scientific challenges in developing resilience strategies. In Togo, agriculture is one of the economic sectors particularly concerned with issues of improving resilience to climate risks and disasters. In default, the development of this sector could be heavily handicapped by the climate changes that will alter precipitation patterns and increase the frequency and the intensity of the extreme weather events. The present research aimed to provide a decision-making referential framework for improving governance and the resilience process of agriculture sector in Maritime region of Togo. The referential carried over, founds itself on ClimProspect model, is based on expert judgment method and coupled with the participative approach. The latter consisted in collecting qualitative data by means of groups of villagers. The results allowed to identify the referential of impact, vulnerabilities (V1, V2, V3 and V4), monitoring of vulnerability and resilience paths, capable of promoting spaces for dialogue between stakeholders involved in the resilience of agricultural production. Actors involved in the sector establish shared objectives of resilience, define and plan in time innovation and regularly baseline of resilience actions in this development sector.
Keywords: production vivrière, résilience, changements climatiques, référentiels, région Maritime du Togo, crops production, resilience, climate change, referential, Maritime region of Togo
-
110.More information
For thirty years and the setting aside of natural environments on the French coasts of the Atlantic, the Channel and the Mediterranean, their opening to the public has led to a development of space, sometimes reducing itself to a few discovery trails, going, for other sites, to participate fully in the tourist dynamic of the contiguous territory. Environmental pedagogy is the main pretext for the development of these sites for the public, but these practices have contributed to the zonation of space. It becomes all the more essential as the pressure exerted around or even inside the perimeter of protection is perceived as important, driven by a very strong craze for activities in nature. This zoning gives the impression of loosening binding protection status towards more integrated and shared forms of management and governance. However, the observation of the disturbance of the species sometimes leads the manager to move towards a new zonation of the protected area, by creating sanctuaries of a more restrictive nature, also justifying a return to a more limited opening of these spaces for the general public or aiming, in some cases, for the total closure of a site. This article proposes to analyze the way in which the division of the space of three natural reserves of metropolitan France, the Bay of Somme (Picardy), Saint Lucia (Aude) and Moëze-Oléron (Charente-Maritime) was organized. The trajectories of these sites will be apprehended, from the creation of the protected space until today, observing in particular the dialectics opening / closing and permanence / rupture that these places know and the way in which they are apprehended. More broadly, the objective of this article is to identify models for sharing space in order to understand how natural reserves can contribute to the sustainable development of the territories in which they are integrated, the protection of biodiversity, thus becoming the revealer of a new space dynamic.
Keywords: espaces naturels protégés, partage de la nature, gouvernance, tourisme, ouverture au public, protected natural spaces, sharing nature, governance, tourism, opening to the public