Abstracts
Abstract
There are striking parallels between Arnold Schoenberg’s treatment of the Pierrot character in 1912 and David Bowie’s adoption of Pierrot as an alter ego in 1980. For both musicians, Pierrot is a necessary mask, and each uses the “insolent clown” in his own way, but in the service of the same delicate negotiations between past and future, and between artifice and truth in art and self. In Schoenberg’s Pierrot Lunaire and Bowie’s song “Ashes to Ashes,” we see and hear the music of the past alongside “a nostalgia for the future”: Pierrot provides the means—the mask—behind which musical reflection, self-examination, and psychological purgation can occur.
Résumé
Il y a des parallèles frappants entre le Pierrot imaginé par Arnold Schoenberg en 1912 et le Pierrot qu’adopte David Bowie comme alter ego en 1980. Le Pierrot sert de masque nécessaire aux deux musiciens; chacun se sert du « clown insolent » à sa manière, mais au service des mêmes négociations délicates entre passé et avenir, entre artifice et authenticité de l’art et de l’être. Nous voyons et entendons la musique du passé juxtaposée à « une nostalgie de l’avenir » dans le Pierrot lunaire de Schoenberg comme dans la chanson Ashes to Ashes de Bowie. Pierrot fournit les moyens—le masque—derrière lesquels réflexion musicale, autoréflexion et purgation psychologique peuvent se produire.
Download the article in PDF to read it.
Download
Appendices
Biographical note
Alex Carpenter is a musicologist and music critic. He teaches at the Augustana campus of the University of Alberta. His research interests include Arnold Schoenberg, music and psychoanalysis, and popular music.
Bibliography
- Adams, Courtney S. 1995. Artistic parallels between Arnold Schoenberg’s music and painting (1908–1912). College Music Symposium 35:5–21.
- Adorno, Theodor. 2002. Towards an understanding of Schoenberg. In Essays on music, ed. Richard Leppert, trans. Susan H. Gillespie, 627–43. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Auner, Joseph. 1997. “Heart and brain in music”: The genesis of Schoenberg’s Die glückliche Hand. In Constructive Dissonance, ed. Juliane Brand and Christopher Hailey, 112–30. Berkeley: University of California Press.
- Auslander, Philip. 2006. Performing glam rock: Gender and theatricality in popular music. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
- Beaumont, Anthony. 2000. Zemlinsky. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
- Bowie, David. 1969. David Bowie / Space Oddity. Philips SBL 7912.
- Bowie, David. 1980. Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps). RCA BOWLP 2.
- Bowie, David. N.d. Ashes to Ashes. youtube, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMThz7eQ6K0.
- Bracewell, Michael. 1997. England is mine: Pop life in Albion from Wilde to Goldie. London: Harper Collins.
- Brinkmann, Reinhold. 1997. The fool as paradigm: Schönberg’s Pierrot Lunaire and the modern artist. In Schönberg and Kandinsky: A historic encounter, ed. Konrad Boehmer, 139–67. The Hague: Harwood Academic Publishers.
- Bryn-Julson, Phyllis, and Paul Matthews. 2009. Inside Pierrot Lunaire: Performing theSprechstimme in Schoenberg’s masterpiece. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press.
- Buckley, David. 2001. Strange fascination—David Bowie: The definitive story. London: Virgin Books.
- Busoni, Ferrucio. 1987. Selected letters. Ed. and trans. Antony Beaumont. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Carpenter, Alexander. 2009. A bridge to a new life: Waltzes in Schoenberg’s chamber music. In Schoenberg’s Chamber Music, Schoenberg’s World, ed. James K. Wright and Alan M. Gilmour, 25–36. Hillsdale, NY: Pendragon Press.
- Cromelin, Richard. 1972. David Bowie: The darling of the avant garde. PhonographRecord (January), rocksbackpages, http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=7039&SearchText=bowie+.
- Cromelin, Richard. 1974. Leo Sayer: The little clown. Rolling Stone (May 23), rocksbackpages, http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=7152&SearchText=leo+sayer%3A+the+little+clown.
- Dahlhaus, Carl. 1997. Schoenberg and the New Music. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Dunsby, Jonathan. 1992. Schoenberg: Pierrot Lunaire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Green, Martin, and John Swan. 1986. The triumph of Pierrot: The commedia dell’arte and themodern imagination. New York: MacMillan Publishing.
- Haimo, Ethan. 2004. Schoenberg’s Pierrot Lunaire: A cycle? In Pierrot Lunaire: AlbertGiraud-Otto Erich Hartleben-Arnold Schoenberg, ed. Mark Delaere and Jan Herman, 145–56. Louvain: Éditions Peeters.
- Hawkins, Stan. 2009. The British pop dandy: Masculinity, popular music and culture. Farnham, UK: Ashgate.
- Katritzky, M. A. 1998. The commedia dell’arte: An introduction. Theatre ResearchInternational 23 (2): 99–103.
- Lehmann, A. G. 1967. Pierrot and fin de siècle. In Romantic mythologies, ed. Ian Fletcher and Paul Kegan, 209–23. London: Routledge.
- Lessem, Alan. 1974. Schönberg and the crisis of expressionism. Music and Letters 55 (4): 429.
- Lessem, Alan. 1979. Music and text in the works of Arnold Schoenberg. Michigan: UMI Research Press.
- MacDonald, Malcolm. 2008. Schoenberg. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- MacKinnon, Angus. 1980. The future isn’t what it used to be. New Musical Express (September), BowieGoldenYears, http://www.bowiegoldenyears.com/articles/8009-nme.html.
- Mendelsohn, John. 1971. David Bowie: Pantomime rock? Rolling Stone (Apr. 1), rock’sbackpageslibrary, http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=688&SearchText=david+bowie%3A+pantomime+rock.
- Moore, Anne. 1975. Leo Sayer: Very much myself. LA Free Press (May 16), rocksbackpages, http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=11092&SearchText=Leo+Sayer%3A+Very+much+myself.
- Murray, Charles Shaar. 1972. David at the Dorchester: Bowie on Ziggy and other matters. New Musical Express (July 22), rocksbackpages, http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=2996&SearchText=ziggy+played+guitar.
- Pegg, Nicholas. 2006. The complete David Bowie, 4th ed. London: Reynolds and Hearn.
- Perone, James. 2007. The words and music of David Bowie. Westport, CT: Praeger.
- Reich, Willi. 1981. Schoenberg: A critical biography. Trans. Leo Black. New York: Da Capo Press.
- Rudlin, John. 1994. Commedia dell’arte: An actor’s handbook. London: Routledge.
- Schoenberg, Arnold. 1974. Berliner Tagebuch. Frankfurt am Main: Verlag Ullstein GmbH.
- Seabrook, Thomas Jerome. 2008. Bowie in Berlin: A new career in a new town. London: Jawbone Press.
- Simms, Bryan R. 2000. The atonal music of Arnold Schoenberg 1808–1923. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
- Spitz, Marc. 2009. Bowie: A biography. New York: Crown Publishers.
- Storey, Robert. 1978. Pierrot: Critical history of a mask. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
- Thompson, Dave. 2006. Hallo spaceboy: The rebirth of David Bowie. Toronto: ECW Press.
- Trakin, Roy. 1987. David Bowie: Never let me down. Creem (Aug.), rocksbackpages http://www.rocksbackpages.com/article.html?ArticleID=7735&SearchText=bowie.
- Verlaine, Paul. 1999. One hundred and one poems by Paul Verlaine: A bilingual edition. Trans. Norman R. Shapiro. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
- Waldrep, Shelton. 2004. The aesthetics of self-invention: Oscar Wilde to David Bowie. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
- Weiss, Allen. 2002. Breathless: Sound recording, disembodiment, and the transformation oflyrical nostalgia. Middleton, CT: Wesleyan University Press.
- Welch, Chris. 1999. Changes: The stories behind every David Bowie song 1970–1980. Dubai: Carlton Books.
- Whitthall, Arnold. 2004. Pierrot in context—Pierrot as context. In Pierrot Lunaire: AlbertGiraud-Otto Erich Hartleben-Arnold Schoenberg, ed. Mark Delaere and Jan Herman, 37–46. Louvain: Éditions Peeters.
- Youens, Susan. 1984. Excavating an allegory: The texts of Pierrot Lunaire.Journal of theArnold Schoenberg Institute 8 (2): 95–115.