Abstracts
Abstract
This article provides a overview of the role translation has played in news transmission since the birth of journalism until the 21st century. The paper focuses on three periods and the ways in which translation has been present in news production: (1) translation at the origin of newspapers in 17th- and 18th-century Europe, with particular reference to England, Spain and Scandinavia, where translation was, in fact, the staple diet of the first pamphlets published in those countries, (2) from the late 19th century onwards, the interplay between language and translation has also been present in the activity of foreign correspondents, albeit often in a very invisible manner, and (3) as the journalistic activity was professionalized, the importance of translation can be traced in the need for journalists to be trained in foreign languages as well as in the appearance of news agencies whose activity is to a great extent translational. Finally, the advent and spread of the Internet has made the role of translation more apparent, even if it remains an invisible second-rate activity within the news production process.
Keywords:
- news,
- journalism,
- periodical,
- news agency,
- foreign correspondent
Résumé
Le présent article offre un aperçu du rôle de la traduction dans la diffusion de nouvelles depuis l’arrivée du journalisme jusqu’au xxie siècle. L’accent est mis sur la manière dont les nouvelles sont traduites au cours de trois périodes, c’est-à-dire : (1) les xviie et xviiie siècles en Europe, époque de la naissance des premiers journaux, particulièrement en Angleterre, en Espagne et en Scandinavie, où la plupart des premiers pamphlets publiés sont traduits ; (2) à partir de la fin du xixe siècle, alors que la relation entre les langues et la traduction se montre toujours présente dans le travail des correspondants à l’étranger, bien que de façon souvent invisible ; (3) à l’époque de la professionnalisation du journalisme, alors que l’importance de la traduction se reflète dans le besoin des journalistes de recevoir une formation en langues étrangères ainsi que dans la percée de nouvelles agences où la traduction est l’une des activités principales. Enfin, l’arrivée et la diffusion massive d’Internet ont rendu le rôle de la traduction encore plus apparent, même si elle demeure une activité invisible et secondaire dans le processus de production des nouvelles.
Mots-clés :
- nouvelles (actualités),
- journalisme,
- périodique,
- agence de nouvelles,
- correspondant étranger
Appendices
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