Abstracts
Résumé
Les élèves peuvent vivre plusieurs effets négatifs liés à la fréquentation scolaire, comme le désengagement et la détresse psychologique. Le but de cette recherche est de décrire comment les enseignants y contribuent. Nous avons réalisé une revue des écrits en utilisant la méthode EPPI. L’analyse démontre que les interactions négatives rapportées par les élèves sont l’incompétence, le caractère offensant et l’indolence de l’enseignant. Certaines interactions négatives échappent à la perception des élèves, soit le contrôle de l’enseignant et les relations conflictuelles. Même si les interactions négatives débutent dès le préscolaire, la situation s’aggrave surtout au secondaire. Nous décrivons les mécanismes psychiques à l’origine des comportements des enseignants, et leurs effets sur le développement des jeunes.
Abstract
Students may experience several negative effects related to school attendance, such as disengagement and psychological distress. The purpose of this research is to describe how teachers contribute to it. We conducted a literature review using the EPPI method. The analysis shows that the negative interactions reported by the students are the incompetence, the offensiveness and the indolence of the teacher. Some negative interactions escape the students’ perceptions, which are the teacher control, and the conflictual relationships. Even if negative interactions begin as early as preschool, the situation worsens especially in high school. We describe the psychic mechanisms behind the behavior of teachers, and their effects on the development of students.
Appendices
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