Abstracts
Résumé
Les problèmes de comportement et les problèmes dépressifs surviennent fréquemment en cooccurrence à l’adolescence et entraînent leur lot de conséquences. En se basant sur le modèle de Patterson et Capaldi (1990), la présente étude a pour but de valider le rôle des variables de rejet social (rejet par les pairs, insertion sociale) et des difficultés scolaires, mais aussi des interactions parent-enfant (chaleur, coercition) en tant que médiateurs du lien entre les problèmes de comportement présents à l’enfance et le développement de problèmes dépressifs à l’aube de l’adolescence, et de vérifier si ces liens diffèrent selon le sexe. Au final, l’échantillon est composé de 675 enfants, dont 319 filles, âgés entre 6 et 9 ans initialement et recrutés parce qu’ils présentaient des problèmes de comportement ou différents facteurs de risque des problèmes de comportement. Les résultats montrent que, chez les garçons, c’est particulièrement la qualité de leur insertion sociale qui permet d’expliquer le lien entre la présence de problèmes de comportement et le développement de problèmes dépressifs ultérieurs. Chez les filles, c’est plutôt la qualité des interactions chaleureuse du parent envers elle. Sur le plan des retombées pratiques, les résultats pointent le rôle des relations parentales et de l’insertion sociale dont l’importance varie selon le sexe dans la relation entre les problèmes de comportement et la dépression. Certaines recommandations concernant les pratiques probantes en matière d’intervention auprès des enfants présentant des problèmes de comportement sont formulées.
Mots-clés :
- problèmes de comportement extériorisés,
- problèmes dépressifs,
- médiation,
- rejet des pairs,
- insertion sociale,
- interactions parent-enfant,
- difficultés scolaires,
- différences selon le sexe
Abstract
Behaviour problems and depressed mood often occur concurrently in adolescence and have various consequences. Drawing on the Patterson and Capaldi (1990) model, the present study sought to validate the role of two of its variables—social rejection (peer rejection, social insertion) and academic difficulty—and of another variable—parent-child interaction (warmth, coercion)—as mediators of the relationship between childhood behaviour problems and development of depressed mood in early adolescence. The study also sought to verify whether the role of these variables differed by gender. The final sample was composed of 675 children, including 319 girls, 6 to 9 years of age at study outset. They were recruited for presenting behaviour problems or different risk factors for behaviour problem. The results showed that, for boys, quality of social insertion in particular allowed explaining the relationship between presence of behaviour problems and later development of depressed mood. For girls, instead, it was quality of warm parent-child interaction. In terms of practical application, the results underscore the gender-specific mediating role of parent-child interaction and of social insertion in the relationship between childhood behaviour problems and depressed mood. Recommendations are made regarding evidence-based practices for intervening with children with behaviour problems.
Keywords:
- externalizing behaviour problems,
- depressive problems,
- mediation,
- peer rejection,
- social insertion,
- parent-child interaction,
- academic difficulty
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Appendices
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