Documents found
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231.More information
Whatever we call industrial relations a field of study or a discipline, many authors since Dunlop's Industrial Relations Systems (1958), have tried to develop models and theories in order to integrate the different aspects of this phenomenon. Although they are not unanimous in defining and describing what should characterize it, the literature shows different and interesting approaches that may be usefully consulted understanding industrial relations. Facing that «theoretical reality», many scholars such as Dabscheck, Gospel, Kirkbride, Blain and Gennard, Walker, Schienstock, Adams, Hameed and Young to mention some of these, have tried to develop an adequate framework which could be used to classify models and theories in industrial relations.With two different continuums frequently used in the social sciences, the authors of this article try to identify the main paradigms applied to industrial relations. The graphic No 2 of this article illustrates the different paradigms frequently used by social scientists. After having reviewed the different industrial relation theories and models, the authors, using the paradigms found in the social sciences literature, situate them on the two continuums shown in graphic No 3 of the article. That exercice brings the authors to the following conclusion: The functionalist approach is the one which regroups the majority of scholars interested in publishing about industrial relations theories.
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232.More information
This article proposes a theorization of the relations between science and politics by specifying the concept of regulatory regime. Some scientific practices are more or less directly related to government systems in Western countries ; this results in the regulation of scientific practices in line with the orientations or exercise of power. Based on law, particularly in the establishment of players called upon to carry out duties assigned by the government or in permanent jurisprudential rectification activities, the regulatory regime also involves conflicts over legitimate problems pitting professional adversaries. The regulatory regime is embodied by a bureaucracy that can work on standards, fuel debates or mobilize various audiences. Finally, a set of values (such as risk, the general interest and the precautionary principle) structures the regulatory practices of public action.
Keywords: science, gouvernement, régulation, politique, État, regulation, science, public policy, government, regulación, ciencia, política pública, gobierno
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234.More information
AbstractThis paper addresses the way in which neighbourhoods are shaped by Tables de quartier (local advisory boards) actively involved in a city-wide social development program set in Montreal (Initiative montréalaise de soutien au développement social local). It analyzes the setting-up of deliberative spaces facilitated by local actors tasked with organizing debates on urban planning and social development issues. The Tables de quartier in Montréal conform to a variety of organizational models, but share a common set of concerns. Through planning, consultation or negotiation, they contribute to defining the neighbourhood as a transactional space, and in this way, they produce and reproduce the image of the neighbourhood.
Keywords: Quartier, table de concertation, modèle organisationnel, planification, transaction sociale et image du quartier, Neighbourhood, local advisory board, organisational model, planning, transactional space, image
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237.
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238.More information
AbstractDoes the transformation of the social regulation by the contemporeny dynamic leads to anarchic chaos as anticipated by some analysts? As per the author the spreading of the postmodern political culture promoting the autoregulation and the social co-responsibility avoid the anticipated chaos. This article demonstrate how the joint analysis two contemporary thoughts, the declining Providential State approach and the increasing ethical view, helps us to understand the regulation shift characteristic of our society.
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239.More information
AbstractFor a quarter of a century Michel Foucault's work has been assimilated with difficuty into the human sciences and sociology in particular. What was originally an object of indifference or scorn for sociologists is suddenly proving of interest. If Foucault, after such a lengthy absence, is used nowadays in the social sciences, it is because he offers certain advantages in the practise of sociological knowledge and a certain number of his concepts — notwithstanding the effects of their reading — have literally ‘entered' into the discipline's daily usage to be used as veritable watchwords and indeed even becoming commonplace. The aim of this paper is to address and analyse how Foucault's singular ‘philosophy' has been able to make itself heard and finally penetrate French sociological thought — in spite of a limited and sometimes hostile reception by that discipline — as opposed, for example, to history or anthropology
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240.