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Despite a monopoly on drug dispensing, the pharmacist is concerned about the changes occurring in its market. These ones accentuate the ambiguity between the roles of health professionals and shopkeepers that characterize the business. This research shows that, faced with these changes, it is the nature of the interactions that this professional has with his patients/clients that guides the construction of his or her professional identity and therefore the way in which they confront this ambiguity of roles. It has been observed that the pharmacies surveyed are very different in the apprehension of these roles involving different construction profession.

Keywords: Secteur de la distribution pharmaceutique, pharmacie, identité de métier, ambiguïté de rôles, compétences du dirigeant, The drug distribution channel, French Pharmacy, professional identity, roles' ambiguity, owner-manager's competences, Sector de la distribución farmacéutica, farmacia, identidad de oficio, ambigüedad de papeles, competencias del dirigente-propietario

This study uses the absorptive capacity framework of Zahra and George (2002) to explain how exporting SMEs can achieve higher international financial performance. Based on the survey of 107 SMEs from the steel industry, results show that the impact of export knowledge processing on international financial performance is indirect, depending on the organizational process devoted to export knowledge absorption. The acquisition and assimilation of export knowledge have a direct influence on the export responsiveness capacity of SMEs, which ultimately allows them to derive higher turnover rates and profits from foreign market operations.

Keywords: la capacité d'absorption, gestion de la connaissance à l'export, performance internationale financière des PME, absorptive capacity, export knowledge management, international financial performance of SMEs, capacidad de absorción, gestión del conocimiento de la exportación, realización financiera internacional de las PYME

This paper discusses critically the discourses about female management and leadership. To understand the representations of professionnals about this topic, an analysis of three books dedicated to the subject, and semi-structured interviews of managers of a large consulting corporation are compared with the academic literature. Their discourses are framed around two axes : the naturalization of differences between men and women, and the coming of a new kind of more feminine management. These discourses are an opportunity to promote diversity and renewed managerial practices, but also expose strenghten perceived differences between men and women, to the detriment of female managers.

Keywords: genres, stéréotypes, discours, management, leadership, gender, stereotype, disourses about management, management, leadership, género, estereotipo, discursos sobre la gerencia, gerencia, liderazgo

Our paper focuses on the analysis of partners satisfaction's determinants. Empirically, we analyzed the issues of cooperations between fruit and vegetables companies in the Mediterranean. For this, we used the original data of a survey conducted during an international trade show in Perpignan in 2010 (Medfel) and performed to analyze the satisfaction of partners in 126 cases of cooperation agreements. Our results indicate the importance of the financial performance dimension, strategic objectives achievement and the partners behavior as the main determinants of overall satisfaction of enterprises involved in this kind of cooperation.

Keywords: coopération, fruits et légumes, Méditerranée, satisfaction, performance, partnership, fruits and vegetables, Mediterranean, satisfaction, performance, cooperación, frutas y hortalizas, Mediterráneo, satisfacción, rendimiento

In this paper we try to explain opera houses performances in terms of financial autonomy and occupancy rate. In order to do that, we propose quantifications of variables representing artistic policy, production policy and main environmental components such as theater size, intensity of competition, economic conditions and strength and duration of local lyric tradition. The statistical analysis is done on a sample of 62 opera houses. It shows that environmental factors play the central role in the explanation of performances. In particular, houses that are the less constraint by local lyric tradition display the best performances.

Keywords: Management général, Secteur public et sans but lucrative, Institutions culturelles, International, Performances des organisations, Management des opéras, General management, Non-profit organizations, Cultural institutions, International, Organizational achievements, Opera house management, Gestión general, Sector publico y sin animo de lucro, Instituciones culturales, Internacional, Resultados de organizaciones, Gestión de operas

How do Multinational Companies (MNC) learn to adapt to foreign markets and cultural differences ? We examine seven qualitative case studies of Brazilian MNCs which show that international experience and intercultural interaction, supported by geocentric international human resource strategies, are key factors in the organizational development of intercultural competence. Brazil appears to be a particularly interesting case, as certain characteristics of Brazilian culture, such as “estrangeirismo” and flexibility, seem to foster the development of intercultural competence.

Keywords: Brazil, culture, intercultural competence, intercultural learning, international experience, international human resource management, organizational learning, Brésil, culture, compétence interculturelle, apprentissage interculturel, expérience internationale, gestion internationale des ressources humaines, apprentissage organisationnel, Brasil, cultura, habilidad intercultural, aprendizaje intercultural, experiencia internacional, gestión de recursos humanos, aprendizaje organizacional