Résumés
Résumé
Cette étude examine l'impact de la gouvernance sur les investissements étrangers directs (IED) et le commerce en Afrique. Les principales conclusions révèlent que les Indicateurs mondiaux de la gouvernance (voix citoyenne et responsabilité, stabilité politique et absence de violence, efficacité des pouvoirs publics, qualité de la réglementation, État de droit, maîtrise de la corruption) sont des moteurs majeurs de la croissance économique sur le continent. Ils émergent comme des facteurs cruciaux pour attirer les IED et renforcer le commerce, soulignant l'importance de la bonne gouvernance. Ainsi, les institutions transparentes et efficaces favorisent également l'intégration dans le commerce international et IED. L'analyse régionale met en lumière des variations significatives, soulignant l'importance de considérer les contextes nationaux spécifiques. Les approches quantitatives confirment les objectifs identifiés offrant des insights riches sur les dynamiques nationales. Ceux-ci seront justifiés par des corrélations en premier lieu, puis à travers la méthode des moindres carrés ordinaires (OLS) pour voir l’importance de chaque indicateur de gouvernance sur le commerce et sur les IED. Ces conclusions soulignent l'impératif de renforcer les institutions et d'adopter des politiques publiques axées sur la bonne gouvernance pour stimuler le développement économique durable en Afrique.
Mots-clés :
- gouvernance,
- développement économique,
- Afrique,
- IED,
- commerce
Abstract
This study examines the impact of governance on foreign direct investment (FDI) and trade in Africa. Key findings reveal that Global Governance Indicators (citizen voice and accountability, political stability and absence of violence, government effectiveness, regulatory quality, rule of law, control of corruption) are major drivers of economic growth on the continent. They are emerging as crucial factors in attracting FDI and boosting trade, underlining the importance of good governance. Transparent and efficient institutions also foster integration in international trade and FDI. Regional analysis highlights significant variations, underlining the importance of considering specific national contexts. Quantitative approaches confirm the objectives identified, offering rich insights into national dynamics. These will be substantiated by correlations in the first instance, then through the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to see the importance of each governance indicator on trade and FDI. These findings underline the imperative of strengthening institutions and adopting public policies focused on good governance to stimulate sustainable economic development in Africa.
Keywords:
- governance,
- economic development,
- Africa,
- FDI,
- trade
Veuillez télécharger l’article en PDF pour le lire.
Télécharger
Parties annexes
Note biographique
Sofian Bouhlel est candidate au doctorat à Ludovika University of Public Service. Email: sofianbouhlel71195@gmail.com
Bibliographie
- Abdillahi, U. A., & Manini, M. M. (2017). Impact of Trade Openness on Economic Growth in Kenya. International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management, 5, 109-137.
- Abendin, S., & Duan, P. (2021). International Trade and Economic Growth in Africa: The Role of the Digital Economy. Cogent Economics & Finance, 9, Article ID: 1911767. https://doi.org/10.1080/23322039.2021.1911767
- Acemoglu, D., Johnson, S., & Robinson, J. A. (2008). Institutions as a Fundamental Cause of Long-Run Growth. In P. Aghion & S. N. Durlauf (Eds.), Handbook of Economic Growth (Vol. 1, Part A, pp. 385-472).
- Banque mondiale. (2017). World Development Report 2017: Governance and the Law. World Bank.
- Blomström, M., & Kokko, A. (2003). The Economics of Foreign Direct Investment Incentives. NBER Working Paper No. 9489.
- Busse, M., & Hefeker, C. (2007). Political Risk, Institutions, and Foreign Direct Investment. European Journal of Political Economy, 23(2), 397-415.
- Chang, C. C., & Mendy, M. (2012). Economic Growth and Openness in Africa: What Is the Empirical Relationship? Applied Economics Letters, 19, 1903-1907.
- Doan, H. Q. (2019). Trade, Institutional Quality and Income: Empirical Evidence for Sub-Saharan Africa. Economies, 7, Article 48.
- Farahane, M., & Heshmati, A. (2020). Trade and Economic Growth: Theories and Evidence from the Southern African Development Community. IZA Discussion Paper No. 13679. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3691392
- Frankel, J. A., & Romer, D. H. (1999). Does Trade Cause Growth? The American Economic Review, 89(3), 379-399.
- Gwartney, J. D., Lawson, R. A., & Hall, J. C. (2019). Economic Freedom of the World: 2019 Annual Report. Fraser Institute.
- Kaufmann, D., Kraay, A., & Mastruzzi, M. (2019). The Worldwide Governance Indicators: Methodology and Analytical Issues. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 5430.
- Kodongo, O., & Ojah, K. (2016). Does infrastructure really explain economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa? Review of Development Finance, 6(2), 105–125.
- Leite, C., & Weidmann, J. (1999). Does Mother Nature Corrupt? Natural Resources, Corruption, and Economic Growth. IMF Working Paper No. 99/85.
- Malefane, M. R., & Odhiambo, N. M. (2018). Impact of Trade Openness on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from South Africa. Economia Internazionale/International Economics, 71, 387-416.
- Ngepah, N. (2017). A review of theories and evidence of inclusive growth: an economic perspective for Africa. C
- UNCTAD. (2020). World Investment Report 2020: International Production Beyond the Pandemic. United Nations.
- UNCTAD. (2021). Economic Development in Africa Report 2021: Regional Integration for Africa's Recovery. United Nations.
- Union Africaine. (2015). Agenda 2063: The Africa We Want. African Union.
- Wei, S. J. (2000). How Taxing Is Corruption on International Investors? Review of Economics and Statistics, 82(1), 1-11.
Parties annexes
Biographical note
Sofian Bouhlel is a PhD candidate at Ludovika University of Public Service. Email: sofianbouhlel71195@gmail.com